EXPLORATION

Africa:

Livingstone, David: g05 2/8 22-24

Phoenicians circumnavigate: w10 3/1 27

arctic sea route between Atlantic and Pacific: g00 10/22 28

above North America (Northwest Passage): g03 11/22 21-24

above Russia (Northeast Passage, Northern Sea Route): g 10/10 14-16

discoveries (15th, 16th centuries): g92 3/8 8

da Gama, Vasco: g03 8/22 12, 14; g00 1/8 30; g99 3/22 24-26

Magellan, Ferdinand: g97 11/8 12-17

Mars:

robotic vehicles: g 9/08 18

oceans:

underwater robots: g 9/08 18

Polo, Marco: g04 6/8 23-27

Pytheas of Massalia (Marseilles) (4th century B.C.E.): w10 3/1 27-29

von Humboldt, Alexander: w08 6/1 19-20

Western Hemisphere: g97 11/8 12-17; g92 3/8 3-13