Footnote

“Crosses were used as symbols of the Babylonian sun-god, [Artwork​—Symbol], and are first seen on a coin of Julius Caesar. 100-44 B.C., and then on a coin struck by Caesar’s heir (Augustus), 20 B.C. On the coins of Constantine the most frequent symbol is [Artwork​—Greek character]; but the same symbol is used without the surrounding circle, and with the four equal arms vertical and horizontal; and this was the symbol specially venerated as the ‘Solar Wheel’. It should be stated that Constantine was a sun-god worshipper, and would not enter the ‘Church’ till some quarter of a century after his having seen such a cross in the heavens. . . . The Lord was put to death upon an upright stake, and not on two pieces of timber placed at any angle.”