Ancient Memories of Eden

Ancient peoples had memories of Eden. Archaeologists, in digging up the remains of their civilizations, have found much evidence of this. Clay tablets, cylinder seals, papyrus sheets, monuments, and so forth, have been discovered containing the religious views of the Babylonians, Assyrians, Egyptians, and other peoples.

Though they lived in various localities and had divergent religious beliefs, these ancients apparently had some recollections of Eden. Their written records indicate this. The author of Halley’s Bible Handbook writes: “These old records, carved on stone and clay, at the very dawn of history, in the original home of man . . . are evidence that the main features of the Biblical story of Adam became deeply fixed in the thought of primitive man.”

Pertinent to this are the remarks of archaeologist Sir Charles Marston in his book The Bible Comes Alive:

“As one goes over the ancient cuneiform writings, some before Abraham, and the engraved seals and stone carvings from Babylonia, Assyria, and other early civilizations, a remarkable trend of evidence is revealed to us. Even from the comparatively small proportion of these relics of a remote past that come to our notice, we derive the impression that the stories of the Creation, the Temptation and Fall of Man . . . as described in Genesis, were then matters of current knowledge. And that perhaps under a polytheistic setting, they were taught in the schools of Ur of the Chaldees.”

Assyrian memories of Eden were not unlike those of Babylon. This is because Assyria’s religious ideas were almost the same as those held by the Babylonians. In fact, generally speaking, the Assyrian gods and goddesses are identical with the Babylonian deities except for one named Asshur.

Prominent among the Assyrian memories of Eden is their sacred tree or “tree of life.” The motif of a sacred tree being guarded by two winged creatures appears often in the sculpture found in their palaces. In some cases the winged creatures are half animal and half human. These distorted mythical representations are perhaps recollections of the posting of cherubs “to guard the way to the tree of life.”​—Gen. 3:24.

In 1932 a stone seal was found twelve miles north of Nineveh. This seal, now located in the University Museum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, appears to reflect another ancient memory of Eden. It shows a man and a woman naked and walking bent down as if brokenhearted and downcast. Also a serpent is shown following them. Dr. E. A. Speiser, who found the seal, said it was “strongly suggestive of the Adam and Eve story.”

[Picture on page 17]

Ancient Assyrian sculptured slab showing cherubic figures standing before a sacred tree. Did the Assyrians know about the tree of life in Eden?