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  • Galileo
    Awake!—2015 | June
    • Galileo then wrote a book entitled Dialogue on the Great World Systems. Although the pope had ordered Galileo to be neutral, the book came across as favoring Copernicus’ conclusions. Soon Galileo’s enemies were claiming that his book ridiculed the pope. Accused of heresy and threatened with torture, Galileo was forced to deny the teachings of Copernicus. In 1633, the Roman Inquisition sentenced him to perpetual house arrest and banned his writings. Galileo died at home in Arcetri, near Florence, on January 8, 1642.

      Pope John Paul II acknowledged that the Catholic Church had wrongly condemned Galileo

  • Galileo
    Awake!—2015 | June
      • Because of his views on the universe, Galileo was twice called before the Inquisition​—the Catholic tribunal responsible for the punishment of those who deviated from church doctrine.

      Did the Inquisition Torture Galileo?

      Some historians have suggested that the Roman Inquisition may have physically tortured Galileo. The sentence issued against him states that in order to establish Galileo’s real intentions, it was necessary to proceed against him by “rigorous examination.” In inquisitorial jargon this phrase often meant “torture,” possibly meaning at least “the verbal threat of physical torture.”

      Specialists point out that there were stages and degrees of torture. It could include anything from merely showing the victim the instruments of torment to stripping or binding him or even inflicting physical pain with increasing severity. The nature of Galileo’s “rigorous examination” remains a mystery.

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