ARCHAEOLOGY
(See also Bible Authenticity; Clay Tablets; Dating [Scientific]; Fossils; Hieroglyphics; Higher Criticism; Moabite Stone; Nabonidus Chronicle; Pottery; Rosetta Stone; Science; Strassmaier, Cyrus No. 11; Writing)
(Note centered headings below: List by Place; Quotations)
47 monarchs: bn 36-37; w52 647-648
Adam and Eve: g70 3/22 17-18
aerial photography: g67 11/22 13-14
Ahab: ad 43
ancient civilizations well developed: g69 1/8 21-24; g69 12/8 26; ev 110; g66 2/22 13; g66 9/8 9; g64 9/8 31; g63 4/22 10-15; g53 6/22 8-13; w52 645
ancient scientific knowledge: ev 111; g65 6/22 30; g63 4/22 14-15; g63 6/8 23; g50 5/22 19
ancient writing: ce 208; w71 410; g71 11/22 24-26; is 47-56; g69 8/8 14; w68 490-491, 562-565, 683; g68 4/8 24-25; g68 5/8 6; qm 126-128, 130-132, 167, 170-171; g67 10/8 15, 18-20; g65 11/8 5-6; g63 4/22 11, 13-14, 16-17, 21; qm55 126-128, 130-132, 167, 170-171; bn 28-29; g53 6/22 10; w52 646-647; lg 43-44; g50 2/22 17-19; w48 195-198
archaeologists’ interest in stone blades made from volcanic glass: g82 11/22 31
Arch of Titus: bf 451; mg63 77; g63 5/22 13
photo: ce 223
Baalism: g69 8/8 15-16; w68 637; g67 10/8 11; w58 621; g56 4/22 19
baptismal pool from the second century C.E.: g84 7/8 29
Belshazzar: ce 210-211; ad 108; bf 185-186; g61 7/8 15; bi6 206; w59 280; yw 115; w52 650
Bible confirmed: ce 207-214; g84 2/8 11; g83 7/8 3-6; w80 10/1 5-9; g78 7/22 13-14; w77 604; w77 747; g77 7/22 29; w76 523; g76 9/22 22; w74 77, 79; g72 1/8 28; g72 9/8 31; ad 532; is 45-61; g69 4/22 16; g69 8/8 13-16; w68 507, 559-565; g68 2/22 30; g67 10/8 3-29; w66 576; g65 1/22 16; g63 4/22 12-18, 21-22, 30; g63 7/8 28; w62 244-245; w61 26, 67, 149, 318-319; g61 1/8 29; g61 8/22 29; w59 327; mn 7; g59 4/22 8; g59 6/22 6; w58 618; g57 4/22 7; g55 6/8 12; w54 296; g54 10/8 7; bn 20, 37-39; w52 236, 388, 645-652; lg 85
Bible scrolls discovered: g65 5/22 29
Biblical cities: qm 172; qm55 172
Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III: ce 213; g78 6/22 11-12; ad 153, 897, 1478-1479; w69 478; mg63 55-56; g61 7/8 13
camels: ce 212
Chalice of Antioch: w68 287
Chedorlaomer: w54 600
chronology: g63 4/22 22
clay seals: g69 1/8 22
Cleopatra’s Needle: g64 2/22 16-18
Code of Hammurabi: g81 1/22 20; g69 8/8 14; w62 246; w61 73-74; w55 702; w52 434
copper production: g85 10/8 31
cylinder seals: qm 127, 269; g61 7/8 15; qm55 127, 269
Cyrus Cylinder: ce 219-220; g83 7/8 4; w76 603; ad 108; g67 10/8 16-17; g66 12/22 21; w65 153-154, 183-184; bf 219
photo: ce 219
dating: ce 96-98; g73 5/8 19-20; ad 107, 113; g71 4/8 31; g71 5/8 31
Dead Sea Scrolls: w85 12/15 26; g84 8/22 20-21; w68 683; g67 10/8 19-20; ns 237; w60 588-589; w59 243; g59 11/8 8; w58 543; w57 136; g53 7/22 16; w52 388; lg 49-50; g50 1/22 9-11
Essenes: w78 3/1 32
definition: w80 10/1 5; ad 105; bn 18
discussion: g83 7/8 3-11; ad 105-114
divine name: g83 5/8 29; w78 5/1 5-10; w76 523; w68 562-563; g67 10/8 17-19
Eblaite Tablets:
aspects of life in Bible times: g83 7/8 3
God Ya: g81 3/22 30
names Sodom and Gomorrah: g81 3/22 30
with names mentioned in book of Genesis: w80 10/1 8; g77 1/8 29
Epic of Gilgamesh: g80 7/8 13-16; g68 5/8 6
Etruscans: w65 474-475; bf 334-335
evolution: ev 8; w64 589; g58 4/22 20-24; g53 6/22 8-12; w52 644-645; ew 38
Exodus route: ad 544-546; w58 639
Flood: is 39-41; g60 11/22 29; w59 327; mn 7; bn 28-29
longevity before: g77 2/22 27-28; g58 5/8 25-26; ew 38
Noah’s ark: ad 120; g42 9/16 8-10
pre-Flood tablets: w71 410; ad 1676; qm 126-127; g63 4/22 13; qm55 126-127; bn 28-29; w52 646-647; lg 43-44; w50 297-300; w48 196-198
pre-Flood worship: qm 267-270; qm55 267-270
Gedaliah’s seal: g36 4/8 442
Hadrian’s statue: g75 9/22 30-31
Hezekiah:
tunnel: ce 213-214; w76 412-415; ad 110
Hittites: w71 348-349; qm 171-172; g67 10/8 23-24; g65 10/8 25-26; g63 4/22 22; g62 11/22 9; w61 280; w55 201-203; qm55 171-172; w52 434
Hoshea: ad 1599
images for healing: w65 286
impalement: g71 2/22 30
ivory couches of Amos’ day: g36 4/8 442
jar of ancient butter uncovered: g79 6/8 31
Jehoiachin: ad 107
Jehu: ad 897
Joshua: g67 10/8 14
limitations: g75 5/8 29; ad 106-107, 112-114; w70 110-111; g67 10/8 25
looting of sites: g85 8/8 30; g72 1/22 30
Menahem: ad 1136
methods of excavation and preservation: ad 106-107
Moabite Stone: ce 212; ad 1006, 1127, 1143-1144, 1253; w70 695; g69 8/8 14; w68 562; qm 167-168; g67 10/8 15-16, 18; g65 2/22 7; ns 112-113, 168; w60 734; w58 431; qm55 167-168
monotheism: w57 45-47; bn 26; w52 647
Nabonidus:
Nabonidus Chronicle: w71 315-316; ad 107-108; w68 268, 490-491; g67 10/8 16; w65 214, 253; mg63 56
Nabonidus Harran Stele: kc 186; w65 55; bf 197
Omri: w70 695
ostraca: ad 1323
Pekah: ad 1599
Pontius Pilate: ce 211-212; w74 79; g72 1/8 28; w71 340; ad 112, 1311; w69 30; w68 564; g67 10/8 21; g61 8/22 29
proper view of theories and interpretations: g83 7/8 6-11
Queen Helena’s palace: g75 11/8 30
Rahab’s house: w52 649
Rosetta Stone: g78 6/22 11; g71 11/22 24-26; g64 2/22 17; mg63 56
Samaritan papyrus scrolls: g80 4/8 31
Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar: g69 8/8 15
Sargon II: ce 208-209; ad 108, 1449-1450
palace: ad 1450
death: ce 210
invasion of Israel: ce 209-210
Oriental Institute Prism: ce 209-210; ad 108, 1469; is 54-55; g67 10/8 16
Taylor Prism: g83 7/8 4-5; mg63 56
invasion of Judah: ce 212
smelting furnaces: g64 9/8 31
Stele of the Vultures: g69 8/8 14
“Stone Age”: g73 5/8 19-20
stoppage of Jordan’s waters: w52 648
Sumerians: is 47-48; bf 32; g63 4/22 13-18; w52 647
swastika: g70 7/22 22-23
Tiglath-pileser III (Pul): ad 1599-1600; w69 502
comment on King Hoshea: w80 9/15 8
Timna: g79 10/22 30-31
tombs:
King Tutankhamen: g79 12/8 27
Philip II: g78 2/8 30
“tomb of Peter”: w72 671; w53 425-426
value: ad 112-114
VAT 4956 (cuneiform tablet): kc 186
List by Place
Afghanistan:
discovery of royal burial sites: g79 7/22 30
Africa:
architecture: g78 3/8 29
America: g68 6/22 29; g66 9/8 9-12
Ammon: w77 747
Ammonite kings: ad 67-68
Assyria: g72 6/22 27; ad 108; w70 665; is 46, 51, 53-57, 59; g69 8/8 16; w68 756
Assyrian Code: w52 434
exaggeration in inscriptions: w80 8/15 11
history: bf 469
Austria:
Hallstatt’s field of graves: g78 2/22 12-13
Babylon: ad 107-108; is 46-50, 55-58; g69 8/8 14-15; g67 10/8 29; bf 468
Hebrews in fiery furnace: w52 649-650
Tower of Babel: ad 107; is 48-50; g67 10/8 5-6; bf 27; w61 26; g57 8/22 21; bn 30-31; w52 647
Beer-sheba: g60 10/22 30
Beth-shan: ad 109-110; g68 1/22 18
Britain:
items in British Museum: g78 6/22 9-12
Caesarea: g72 1/8 28
Canaan:
Canaanite fortress discovered in Jerusalem: g83 12/8 29-30
Canaanites: w81 1/15 6; w68 637; g67 10/8 11-12
Capernaum: w75 671
China: g75 9/22 29
Corinth: w63 663
Crete:
evidence of human sacrifices: g80 5/22 30
Dan: g83 7/8 5
Egypt: g75 5/8 29; ad 109; is 52-53; qm 132; g67 10/8 9-11, 15, 22-23; w61 575-576; w55 134; qm55 132; g55 11/22 17-18; g54 9/22 13-15; g53 6/22 8-13; w52 648
Israel in Egypt: is 52-53; g67 10/8 22
Joseph in Egypt: ad 109; is 46-47; g67 10/8 7; w61 149
Karnak writings: is 53; g67 10/8 15; ms 47
wine in Egypt: g67 10/8 22; w52 648
Ezion-geber: ad 110, 556; w70 110-111; g68 4/8 23; g63 4/22 30
France:
Louvre exhibits: g78 7/22 13-14
calendar: ad 279-280, 649; g68 9/22 14
Gibeon: ad 651; g67 10/8 4
pool of Gibeon: w58 100
Gihon:
fountain: ad 658; g67 10/8 14-15
Gomorrah: g81 3/22 30
Haran:
wife-sister relationships: w85 3/1 31
Hazor: g83 7/8 3; ad 110, 603-605; g67 10/8 14; w61 318-319
India: g69 1/8 21-24; w64 346; bf 33
flags in ancient cities: w47 236
Jericho: ad 110, 906; w68 561; qm 268; ms 47; g65 3/22 28; w56 575; qm55 268; bn 34-36; w52 648-649; g36 4/8 442; g32 7/6 622-623
Jerusalem: ad 910; g68 2/22 30
evidence of Babylonian siege of: g76 1/22 30
Herod’s temple: g69 8/8 13-14
Hezekiah’s tunnel: ce 213-214; ad 110
inscription of divine name: g83 5/8 29
Valley of Hinnom: w77 747
Wailing Wall: w77 604
Jordan (Hashemite Kingdom):
ancient copper production: g85 10/8 31
Jordan Valley: g63 4/22 22; w55 464
Judah:
confirmation of 70-year desolation: w77 38; ad 109; is 105-106; g67 10/8 28-29
Lachish: ad 110-111, 1018, 1469
Lachish Letters: w74 79; ad 110-111, 882, 1018, 1323; w68 563; g67 10/8 18-19; mg63 56; g61 7/8 15
Mari: ad 108-109
Masada: w66 254
Megiddo: ad 111, 605; g67 10/8 14; g65 2/8 17-18
Nile: w59 671
Nineveh: ad 1227-1228; g67 10/8 29
Nuzi: ad 108-109
Palestine:
copper: w75 112; ad 375; g68 4/8 23; g63 4/22 22; g55 2/8 19
Debir: ad 110
Kiriath-sepher: g68 1/22 18
Persia: ad 108
Peru: g78 8/8 21-24
Nazca Lines: g82 1/8 12-15
Pompeii: g71 2/8 20; g60 3/8 20; g57 5/8 17-20
Ras Shamra: g69 8/8 15-16
Sahara: g62 11/8 26
Shechem: g69 4/22 16; w66 576; g64 10/22 30; g63 4/22 30; g61 1/8 29
Shushan: ad 108; g69 8/8 15
Sodom and Gomorrah: g81 3/22 30; ad 112; w68 562; g67 10/8 6-7; w65 479; ms 46-47; g55 12/8 8; bn 31-34; w48 219; g30 3/19 396
Tell el-Amarna Tablets: ad 109, 497; g69 8/8 13; g65 2/8 19; w64 119
Ur: ad 108; g69 12/8 26
Quotations
Bible can do nothing but gain from an increase of knowledge: ce 214; w68 565; g57 4/22 7; bn 38; w52 388, 651
Bible still remains the main source for historical geography of Palestine during Israelite period: g83 7/8 5-6
no archaeological discovery has ever controverted a Biblical reference: ce 214
piety, patriotism and ideology influence the archaeologist’s judgment: g83 7/8 11