1
Edhina lyaKalunga mOmanyolo gOshihebeli
Edhina lyaKalunga ohali nyolwa nuugwedhwa wOshihebeli une יהוה, (YHWH). Otali holoka konyala lwiikando 7 000 mOmanyolo gOshihebeli. Uugwedhwa une mboka wu lile po edhina “Jehova,” ohawu ithanwa o-Tetragrammaton mOshihebeli. Edhina Jehova mOmbiimbeli olya tumbulwa mo lwiikando oyindji oku li yelekanitha nomadhina galwe. Mboka Kalunga a wilika ya nyole Ombiimbeli oya popya omadhinasimaneko ge ogendji. Oya longitha uutumbulilo ngaashi “Omunankondoadhihe,” “Omukombandambanda” nosho wo “Omuwa.” Ihe uugwedhwa wo-Tetragrammaton owo owala wa longithwa okuulika edhina lyaKalunga mwene.
Jehova Kalunga oye mwene a li a wilike aanyoli yOmbiimbeli ya longithe edhina lye. Pashiholelwa, okwa wilike omuhunganeki Joel a nyole ta ti: “Kehe ngoka ti ithana edhina lyaJehova oye ta hupithwa.” (Joel 2:32, NW) Kalunga okwa wilike wo omupisalomi gumwe a nyole ta ti: “Iigwana nayi tseye kutya, ngoye ngoka edhina lyoye Jehova, ongoye awike Omukombandambanda kombanda yevi alihe.” (Episalomi 83:18, NW) Edhina lyaKalunga olya holoka iikando 700 mOmapisalomi, membo moka mu na iitewo mbyoka ya li hayi imbwa nokuhokololwa koshigwana shaKalunga shonale. Omolwashike edhina lyaKalunga kaa li mo momatoloko gOombiimbeli odhindji kunena? Omolwashike Ombiimbeli yo-New World Translation ya longitha “Jehovah”? Edhina lyaKalunga, Jehova, otali ti lela shike?
Omolwashike edhina lyaKalunga kaa li mo momatoloko gOombiimbeli odhindji? Aantu ohaya gandja omatompelo gi ili nogi ili. Yamwe oyu uvite kutya Kalunga Omunankondoadhihe inashi pumbiwa i ithanwe nedhina li ikalekelwa. Yamwe oya tila oku li longitha omolwenwethwomo lyomuthigululwakalo gwAajuda kutya edhina lyaKalunga kali na okutumbulwa, molwaashoka eyapuki. Yo yamwe oyi itaala kutya kapu na ngoka e na uushili kutya olya li hali tumbulwa ngiini petameko. Oye wete kutya oshihwepo ye mu ithane nomadhinasimaneko, “Omuwa” nenge “Kalunga.” Omapopyo ngono kage na omakankameno gasha omolwomatompelo taga landula:
Mboka haya tompathana kutya Kalunga Omunankondoadhihe inashi pumbiwa a kale ti ithanwa nedhina li ikalekelwa, otaya pataneke shoka sha nyolwa mOohapu dhopetameko. Oohapu ndhoka odhi na edhina lyaKalunga, nodha kala dha dhigininwa manga Kristus ine ya kombanda yevi. Ngaashi sha popiwa nale, Kalunga okwa wilika aanyoli yOohapu dhe ya tule mo edhina lye lwiikando 7 000. Osha yela kutya okwa hala tu li tseye notu li longithe.
Aatoloki mboka ya kutha mo edhina lyaKalunga, molwaashoka ya landula omuthigululwakalo gwAajuda opu na oshili yimwe ya simanenena ndjoka kaaye shi. Nonando aalongi yamwe Aajuda oya tinda okutumbula edhina lyaKalunga, inaye li dhima mo mOombiimbeli dhawo. Ondhinga yembo yimwe onkulu ndjoka ya li ya adhika moQumran, ehala li li popepi nEfuta lya sa moka hamu konakonwa iikulunima, oyi na edhina ndyoka pomahala ogendji. Aatoloki yOombiimbeli yamwe oya ti kutya edhina lyaKalunga omo lya li momanyolo gopetameko noye li pingena po nedhinasimaneko “OMUWA” a nyolwa moondanda oonene. Omolwashike aatoloki ya li ye wete kutya oya manguluka okukutha mo nenge okupingena po edhina lyaKalunga mOombiimbeli, ngele oye shi zimina kutya omo lya li lwiikando omayovi ogendji? Sho tayi ipula otaya ti olye e ya pa uuthemba ye shi ninge? Aatoloki mboka oyo owala taya vulu okuyamukula omapulo ngoka.
Mboka haya ti kutya edhina lyaKalunga inali longithwa, molwaashoka kapu na ngoka e na uushili kutya olya li hali tumbulwa ngiini nalenale, kuyo otashi ka kala oshidhigu okulongitha edhina Jesus. Aalongwa yaJesus yopetameko oya li haya tumbula edhina lye momukalo gwi ilile kwaangoka Aakriste oyendji haye li tumbula kunena. Aakriste Aajuda, otashi vulika ya li haya tumbula edhina lyaJesus taya ti Yeshua. Edhinasimaneko “Kristus” otashi vulika lya li hali tumbulwa Mashiach, nenge “Messiah.” Aakriste aapopi yOshigreka oya li haye mu ithana Iesous Khristos. Aakriste Aalatina oya li haye mu ithana Iesus Christus. Edhina lyaJesus otali adhika metoloko limwe lya nwethwamo lyOmbiimbeli yOshigreka, shoka tashi ulike kutya Aakriste mboka ya li ko omimvo 2000 nasha dha ka pita oya li haya tumbula edhina lye ngaashi hali popiwa mOshigreka. Onkee ano, okakomitiye hoka ka toloka Ombiimbeli yo-New World oke wete shi li pandunge ka longithe edhina “Jehova,” nonando ihali tumbulwa ngaashi Aahebeli yonale ya li haye li popi.
Omolwashike Ombiimbeli yo-New World Translation ya longitha edhina “Jehovah”? Edhina lyaJehova ohali nyolwa nuugwedhwa une יהוה, (YHWH) wOshihebeli mboka hawu ithanwa o-Tetragrammaton. Aahebeli yonale kaya li haya longitha uuitumbuli uuna taya nyola, onkee ano, o-Tetragrammaton kayi wu na. Sho Oshihebeli shonale sha li hashi longithwa esiku nesiku, aaleshi oya li haya gwedha po yo yene uuitumbuli mboka tawu opalele.
Omimvo eyuvi limwe konima sho Omanyolo gOshihebeli ga pu okutolokwa, aalongwantu Aajuda oya li ya toto po omukalo omupe okuulika kutya uuitumbuli wuni ye na okulongitha uuna taya lesha iitya nenge omandhindhiliko mOshihebeli. Ihe pethimbo ndyoka, Aajuda oyendji oya li ye na oshidhila kutya osha puka okutumbula edhina lyaKalunga mokule. Oya li haya longitha omadhinasimaneko, peha lyokutumbula edhina lyaKalunga. Osha fa shi li ngeyi kutya mokuholela kwawo o-Tetragrammaton, Aajuda oya li ya longitha uuitumbuli okupingena po uugwedhwa une wOshihebeli YHWH. Kungeyi, omanyolo ngoka ge na uuitumbuli itaga ka kwathela okumona kutya edhina Jehova olya li hali tumbulwa naanaa ngiini nale mOshihebeli. Yamwe otaya ti kutya otashi vulika edhina ndyoka lya li hali tumbulwa “Yahweh,” yamwe ishewe oye na omaetopo gi ili nogi ili kombinga yoku li tumbula. Mondhinga ndjoka ya adhika mEfuta lya sa muyo edhina lyaKalunga olya tolokwa mOshigreka Iao, muLevitikus. Kakele komukalo ngono, aanyoli Aagreka yonale oya ti kutya otashi vulika edhina Jehova lya li hali tumbulwa Iae, Iabe nenge Iaoue. Oshinima shoka itatu shi koleke thiluthilu. Katu shi lela nkene aapiya yaKalunga yonale ya li haya tumbula edhina lye mOshihebeli. (Genesis 13:4, NW; Eksodus 3:15) Ihe otu shi kutya Kalunga okwa li a longitha edhina lye lwiikando uuna ta popi naapiya ye. Aapiya ye oya li wo haya tumbula edhina lye, noya li haye li longitha ya manguluka sho taya popi nayalwe. — Eksodus 6:2, NW; 1 Aakwaniilwa 8:23, NW; Episalomi 99:9, NW.
Omolwashike nduno Ombiimbeli yo-New World Translation ya longitha edhina “Jehova”? Omolwaashoka edhina ndyoka olya kala nokulongithwa ethimbo ele melaka lyOshiingilisa.
Mo 1530, omulumentu gwedhina William Tyndale okwa li a toloka Ombiimbeli mOshiingilisa moka edhina lyaKalunga lya li lya holoka oshikando shotango momambo gatano gopetameko. Okwe li nyola “Iehouah.” Mokweendelako kwethimbo, elaka lyOshiingilisa olye ende tali lunduluka, nedhina lyaKalunga olya ka nyolwa ishewe momukalo gulwe. Pashiholelwa, mo 1612, omulumentu gwedhina Henry Ainsworth okwe li nyola “Iehovah” sho a toloka embo lyOmapisalomi alihe. Opo ihe mo 1639, etoloko ndyoka olya li lya pepalekwa, e tali nyanyangidhwa. Edhina lyaKalunga olya li lya nyolwa mOshiingilisa “Jehovah” momambo ngoka gatano gopetameko. Mo 1901, aatoloki yOmbiimbeli American Standard Version nayo oya longitha “Jehovah” mpoka edhina lyaKalunga tali holoka momanyolo gOshihebeli.
Omulongwantu gumwe gwOmbiimbeli ngoka a simanekwa, Joseph Bryant Rotherham, okwa li a yelitha kutya omolwashike a nyola edhina “Jehovah,” pehala lyokunyola “Yahweh” metoloko lye lyembo Studies in the Psalms mo 1911. Okwa ti kutya okwa li a hala okunyola “edhina ndyoka lya tseyika nawa koyendji (nolya taambiwa ko wo) kaaleshi yOmbiimbeli oyendji.” Mo 1930 omulongwantu A. F. Kirkpatrick okwa li wo a popi oshinima sha faathana shi na ko nasha nokulongitha edhina “Jehovah.” Okwa ti: “Mboka ye shi oompango dhelaka otaya ti kutya edhina ndyoka oli na okuleshwa Yahveh nenge Yahaveh; ihe melaka lyOshiingilisa JEHOVAH olyo unene hali tumbulwa. Shoka sha simanenena hankene hali tumbulwa, ihe okukala tu shi kutya olyo Edhina [lyaKalunga] lyOlela, noka li shi edhinasimaneko ngaashi ‘Omuwa.’”
Edhina lyaKalunga, Jehova, otali ti lela shike? Edhina Jehova olya za koshityalonga shOshihebeli shoka tashi ti lela “okuningitha.” Aalongwantu oyendji oye wete kutya edhina ndyoka otali tsu kumwe noshityalonga shOshihebeli hoka lya za. Okakomitiye hoka ka toloka Ombiimbeli yo-New World Translation oke wete kutya edhina lyaKalunga otali ti: “Oha Ningitha.” Ihe aalongwantu oye na omadhiladhilo ga yooloka moshinima shika. Onkee ano, itatu vulu naanaa okutya eityo ndyoka oli li mondjila thiluthilu. Ihe uutumbulilo “Oha Ningitha” otawu opalele okwiithanwa Jehova, molwaashoka oye Omushiti gwiinima ayihe nOmugwanithi gwomalalakano ge. Ina shita owala ewangandjo naantu, mboka ye li iishitwa iinandunge. Ihe ota tsikile nokuningitha ehalo lye li gwanithwe nosho wo omalalakano ge, kutya nduno otashi pula shike.
Onkee ano, eityo lyedhina Jehova inali ngambekelwa owala poshityalonga shoka shi li muEksodus 3:14, NW ndjoka tayi ti: “Otandi ka kala shoka nda hogolola okukala” nenge, “Ngame otandi ka kala ndi li ngaashi ndi li.” Odhoshili kutya oohapu ndhoka itadhi fatulula naanaa eityo lyedhina lyaKalunga. Otadhi holola owala uukwatya we kutya oha ningi kehe shimwe shoka sha pumbiwa monkalo kehe a gwanithe po elalakano lye. Nonando eityo lyedhina lyaJehova olya kwatela mo edhiladhilo ndyoka, eityo lyalyo inali ngambekelwa owala pwaashoka ha hogolola okukala. Edhina lye otali ti wo kutya oha ningitha iishitwa ye yi ninge kehe shoka sha pumbiwa, opo a tsakanithe elalakano lye.