Kuziva “Munhu Wokusateerera Mutemo”
“Asingateereri mutemo achaziviswa, uyo Ishe Jesu achaparadza.”—2 VATESARONIKA 2:8, “NW.”
1, 2. Neiko kuchikosha kuti tizive munhu wokusateerera mutemo?
ISU tiri kurarama munguva yokusateerera mutemo. Chinhu chenyika yose. Munzvimbo iri yose mune kutyiwa kwavanhu vasingateereri mutemo netyisidziro yavanopa kwatiri timene nezvinhu. Bva, kune sangano risingateereri mutemo ramanomano zvikuru kwazvo rave richishanda kwamazana amakore akawanda. MuBhaibheri iro rinonzi “munhu wokusateerera mutemo.”
2 Kunokosha kuti tizive uyu munhu wokusateerera mutemo. Nemhaka yeiko? Nemhaka yokuti iye anodisa kusekesa chimiro chedu chakanaka naMwari netariro yedu youpenyu husingagumi. Seiko? Kupfurikidza nokutiita kuti tisiye zvokwadi nokudavira nhema panzvimbo payo, nokudaro achitibvisa pakunamata Mwari “nomudzimu nezvokwadi.” (Johane 4:23, NW) Kuri pachena kubva muzviito zvake kuti iri sangano chairo risingateereri mutemo rinoshora Mwari namadonzo ake, pamwe chete navanhu vake vakazvitsaurira.
3. Bhaibheri rinodanira sei ngwariro yedu kuasingateereri mutemo?
3 Bhaibheri rinotaura nezvouyu munhu wokusateerera mutemo pana 2 VaTesaronika 2:3. Achifuridzirwa nomudzimu waMwari, muapostora Pauro akanyora, achiti: “Ngakurege kuva nomunhu unokunyengerai nomutoo upi noupi; nokuti [zuva raJehovha roruparadziko rwetsika ino yakaipa] harisviki, kana kutsauka kusati kwatanga kuuya, nomunhu [wokusateerera mutemo aziviswa, NW].” Pano Pauro akaporofita kuti kuwa pakutenda kwaizovapo uye munhu wokusateerera mutemo aizooneka pamberi pomugumo wetsika ino. Kutaura idi, Pauro akati 1VaT 2 mundima 7 (NW): “Chakavanzika chouku kusateerera mutemo chava kutoshanda.” Naizvozvo muzana rokutanga ramakore, uyu asingateereri mutemo akanga avamba kuzviratidzira amene.
Mavambo Omunhu Wokusateerera Mutemo
4. Ndiani ari muvambi nomutsigiri womunhu wokusateerera mutemo?
4 Ndianiko akavamba uye anotsigira uyu munhu wokusateerera mutemo? Pauro anopindura, achiti: “Kuuya kwake iye kwakaita sebasa raSatani nesimba rose, nezviratidzo, nezvinoshamisa zvenhema, nokunyengera kwose kwokusarurama kuna vanorashika; nokuti havana kugamuchira rudo rwezvokwadi, kuti vaponeswe.” (2 VaTesaronika 2:9, 10) Naizvozvo Satani ndiye baba nomutsigiri wouyu munhu wokusateerera mutemo. Uye seizvo chaizvo Satani achishora Jehovha, madonzo Ake, uye vanhu Vake, ndizvo zvakaitawo munhu wokusateerera mutemo, angave achizviziva kana kuti kwete.
5. Mugumoi wakamirira asingateereri mutemo naavo vanomutevera?
5 Avo vanowirirana nomunhu wokusateerera mutemo vachatambura mugumo mumwe chetewo sezvaanoita—ruparadziko: “Asingateereri mutemo achaziviswa, uyo Ishe Jesu achaparadza . . . uye kuuraya kupfurikidza nokuratidzirwa kwokuvapo kwake.” (2 VaTesaronika 2:8, NW) Nguva iyoyo yoruparadziko rwomunhu wokusateerera mutemo navatsigiri vake (“avo vanoparara”) ichauya nokukurumidza “pakuratidzirwa kwaShe Jesu achibva kudenga ane ngirozi dzake dzine simba mumwoto unopfuta, sezvo anounza matsive paavo vasingazivi Mwari naavo vasingateereri mashoko akanaka pamusoro paShe wedu Jesu. Ivava vamene vachatambura chirango chorutongeso choruparadziko rusingaperi.”—2 VaTesaronika 1:6-9, NW.
6. Ndimamwe mashokoi anopa Pauro pamusoro paasingateereri mutemo?
6 Pauro anorondedzerazve uyu asingateereri mutemo, achiti: “Iye unorwa achizvikudza pamusoro pezvose zvinonzi ‘Mwari,’ kana zvinonamatwa; nokudaro kuti unogara mutembere yaMwari, achizviita Mwari.” (2 VaTesaronika 2:4) Naizvozvo Pauro anonyevera kuti Satani aizomutsa asingateereri mutemo, chinhu chenhema chokuremekedza, uyo aizozviisa amene pamusoro pomutemo waMwari.
Kuziva Asingateereri Mutemo
7. Neiko tichigumisa kuti Pauro akanga asiri kutaura pamusoro pomunhu mumwe, uye chii icho munhu wokusateerera mutemo anomirira?
7 Ko Pauro akanga achitaura nezvomunhu mumwe here? Aiwa, nokuti iye anotaura kuti uyu “munhu” akanga ari pachena muzuva raPauro uye aizopfuurira kuvapo kutozosvikira Jehovha amuparadza pamugumo wetsika ino. Nokudaro, iye akavapo kwamazana amakore akawanda. Sezvinooneka, hakuna munhu chaiyeiye ati ararama nguva refu yakadaro. Naizvozvo kutaura kwokuti “munhu wokusateerera mutemo” kunofanira kumirira mutumbi, kana kuti boka, ravanhu.
8. Ndiani ari munhu wokusateerera mutemo, uye ndaapi ari mativi anozivisa?
8 Ivo ndivanaani? Ufakazi hunoratidza kuti ivo mutumbi wavakuru vechiKristudhomu vanodada, vane chinendirini, avo mumazana ose amakore apfuura vakazvimisa vamene somutemo kwavari vamene. Ikoku kunogona kuonwa neidi rokuti kune zviuru zvamarudzidziso akasiana-siana namasekete muchiKristudhomu, rimwe nerimwe navakuru varo, bva rimwe nerimwe richirwisana namamwe murutivi rwakati rwedzidziso kana kuti muitiro. Uyu mugariro wakakamuraniswa hufakazi hwakajeka hwokuti ivo havateveri mutemo waMwari. Havagoni kuva vakabva kuna Mwari. (Enzanisa naMika 2:12; Marko 3:24; VaRoma 16:17; 1 VaKorinte 1:10.) Icho aya marudzidziso ose anacho ndechokuti haabatiriri kudzidziso dzeBhaibheri, achiva akapunza murairo, wokuti: “Musapfuura zvinhu zvakanyorwa.”—1 VaKorinte 4:6, NW; onawo Mateo 15:3, 9, 14.
9. Zvitenderoi zvisiri zvapamagwaro izvo asingateereri mutemo akatsiva zvokwadi dzeBhaibheri nazvo?
9 Nokudaro, uyu asingateereri mutemo munhu akaumbwa navazhinji: vakuru vorudzidziso vechiKristudhomu. Vose, vangava vanapapa, vaprista, madziteteguru, kana kuti vaparidzi vePurotestendi, vanogoverana mutoro wezvivi zvorudzidziso rwechiKristudhomu. Ivo vakatsinhanisa zvokwadi dzaMwari nenhema dzechihedheni, vachidzidzisa dzidziso dzisiri dzapamagwaro dzakadai sokusafa kwomweya womunhu, hero yomwoto, purigatori, uye Utatu. Ivo vakafanana navatungamiriri vorudzidziso kwavari Jesu akati: “Imi muri vababa venyu Dhiabhorosi, munoda kuita kuda kwakaipa kwababa venyu. . . . ndiye wenhema, uye baba vadzo.” (Johane 8:44) Miitiro yavo inovaratidzirawo savasingateereri mutemo, nokuti ivo vanotora rutivi mumibato inopunza mitemo yaMwari. Kuvakadaro Jesu anoti: “Ibvai kwandiri, imi vaiti vokusateerera mutemo.”—Mateo 7:21-23, NW.
Kuzvisimudza Vamene
10. Ukamai hwakava naasingateereri mutemo navatongi vezvamatongerwe enyika?
10 Nhau inoratidza kuti avo vari muiri boka romunhu wokusateerera mutemo vakaratidzira rudado nokuzvitutumadza zvakadaro zvokuti ivo vakaraira zvomenemene vatongi venyika. Munyengedzo yedzidziso ya‘maruramiro oumwari amadzimambo,’ vakuru vorudzidziso vakataura kuva mureveri anokosha pakati pavatongi naMwari. Ivo vakapfekedza korona uye vakabvisa pazvigaro zvoumambo madzimambo navanamambo uye vakakwanisa kutendeudza vanhu kuti vatsigire kana kuti kurwisana navatongi. Chaizvoizvo, ivo vakati, sezvakaita vaprista vakuru vechiJudha avo vakaramba Jesu: “Hatina mambo asi Kesari.” (Johane 19:15, NW) Bva, Jesu akadzidzisa nenzira yakajeka, kuti: “Umambo hwangu hahusati huri rutivi rwenyika ino.”—Johane 18:36, NW.
11. Vakuru vorudzidziso vakazvisimudza vamene sei?
11 Kuti vazvisimudze vamene zvinotova zvikuru pamusoro pavanhuwo zvavo, iri boka risingateereri mutemo rakagamuchira nguvo yakasiana, kazhinji kazhinji nhema. Uyezve, ivo vakazvipfekedza vamene marudzi ose ezvishongo anoorora, pamwe chete nekorona, zvipiyaniso, uye ngowani. (Enzanisa naMateo 23:5, 6.) Asi Jesu navateveri vake vakanga vasina nguvo yakadaro; ivo vaipfeka sezvaiita vanhuwo zvavo. Vakuru vorudzidziso vakazvitorerawo vamene mazita okuremekedza akadai sa“Baba,” “Baba Vatsvene,” “Revherendi,” “Most Revherendi,” “His Excellency,” uye “His Eminence,” ayo anowedzera kuku‘zvisimudza [kwavo] pamunhu ari wose.’ Bva, Jesu akadzidzisa pamusoro pamazita okuremekedza orudzidziso, kuti: “Musaidza munhu uri panyika baba venyu.” (Mateo 23:9) Nenzira yakafanana, Erihu, mukutsiura vanyaradzi vanonyengera vaJobho, akati: “Ndirege hangu kutsaura munhu upi noupi; uye handingatumidzi aninaani mazita anobata kumeso.”—Jobho 32:21.
12. Ndiani uyo Pauro akataura kuti vakuru vorudzidziso vakanga vachibatira zvomenemene?
12 Apo Pauro shure muzuva rake akataura kuti munhu wokusateerera mutemo akanga atovamba mubato wake, akataurawo pamusoro paavo vanoratidzira chimiro chaiyeyo chokusateerera mutemo: “Nokuti vanhu vakadaro vaapostora venhema, vashandi vanonyengera, vanozvishandura vamene kuva vaapostora vaKristu. Uye hazvishamisi, nokuti Satani amene anoramba achizvishandura amene kuva ngirozi yechiedza. Naizvozvo hachisati chiri chinhu chikuru kana vashumiri vake vachirambawo vachizvishandura vamene kuva vashumiri vokururama. Asi mugumo wavo uchava mukuwirirana namabasa avo.”—2 VaKorinte 11:13-15, NW.
Kupandukira Kunamata Kwechokwadi
13. Chii chiri kuwa pakutenda uko Pauro akadeya kutaura?
13 Pauro akataura kuti uyu munhu wokusateerera mutemo aizovapo pamwe chete nokuwa pakutenda. Kutaura idi, chiratidzo chokutanga Pauro akapa pamusoro pokuzivikanwa kweiri boka risingateereri mutemo ndechokuti “zuva raJehovha [apo Jehovha anoparadza iyi tsika yakaipa yezvinhu] . . . harisati richizosvika kutoti kuwa pakutenda kukauya pakutanga.” (2 VaTesaronika 2:2, 3, NW) Asi chii chinorehwa no“kuwa pakutenda”? Muaya mashoko akapoteredza, hakurevi kudonha chete kana kuti kuwa nemhaka youtera hwomudzimu. Shoko rechiGiriki rinoshandiswa pano nokuda kwo“kuwa pakutenda” rakareva, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, “kusiya” kana kuti “kupandukira.” Shanduro dzinoverengeka dzinorishandura so“rupanduko.” Shanduro yaWilliam Barclay inoti: “Zuva iroro harigoni kuuya kutozosvikira Kupanduka Kukuru kwaitika.” The Jerusalem Bible rinokudana kuti “Kupanduka Kukuru.” Naizvozvo, mumashoko akapoteredza eizvo Pauro ari kukurukura, “kuwa pakutenda” kunoreva kupandukira kunamata kwechokwadi.
14. Kuwa pakutenda kwakavamba rini kuvapo chaizvoizvo?
14 Uku kuwa pakutenda, uku kupanduka, kwakavamba sei? Pana 2 VaTesaronika 2:6, Pauro akanyora, pamusoro pezuva rake, pamusoro pe“chinodzivisa” paasingateereri mutemo. Ichocho chakanga chiri chiiko? Rakanga riri simba rinodzivisa ravaapostora. Kuvapo kwavo, nezvipo zvavo zvine simba zvakapiwa nomudzimu mutsvene, vakadzivisa kuwa pakutenda kuvambira panguva iyeyo kuva denda. (Mabasa 2:1-4; 1 VaKorinte 12:28) Asi apo vaapostora vakanga vafa, pakasvika panenge pamugumo pezana rokutanga ramakore, mabhureki anodzivisa akabviswa.
Boka Ravakuru Vorudzidziso Risiri Rapamagwaro Rinovamba
15. Igadziriroi yakatangwa naJesu yeungano yechiKristu?
15 Ungano iyo Jesu akanga atanga yakavamba mukati mezana rokutanga ramakore munhungamiro yavakuru (vatariri) navabatiri vanoshumira. (Mateo 20:25-27; 1 Timotio 3:1-13; Tito 1:5-9) Ivava vakatorwa vachibva muungano. Ivo vakanga vari varume vomudzimu vanokwanisa vasina rovedzo youfundisi chaiyo, sezvo Jesu akanga asina rovedzo yakadaro. Zvamazvirokwazvo, vashori vake vakashamisika, vachiti: “Munhu uyu unoziva seiko manyoro zvaasina kumbodzidza?” (Johane 7:15) Uye pamusoro pavaapostora, vatongi vorudzidziso vakataura zvimwe chetezvo, vachiti: “Zvino vakati vachiona kusatya kwaPetro naJohane, vachinzwisisa kuti vaiva vanhu vasina kudzidza, vasingazivi chinhu, vakashamiswa; vakaziva kuti vaiva naJesu.”—Mabasa 4:13.
16. Kuwa pakutenda kwakaparira sei kubva mumutoo wechiKristu womuzana rokutanga ramakore wokurongwa kweungano?
16 Zvisinei, kuwa pakutenda kwakapinza mirangariro yakatorwa kuvakuru vorudzidziso vechiJudha uye pakupedzisira mugadziriro yorudzidziso rwenhema rweRoma. Sezvo nguva yakapfuura uye kubva mukutenda kwechokwadi kwakaitika, boka ravakuru vorudzidziso risiri rapamagwaro rakavamba. Papa akapfekedzwa korona akavamba kutonga pakoreji yamacardinal, avowo vakatorwa mumazana amabhishopi namaarchbishop, avowo vakasimudzirwa vachibva muvaprista vakarovedzwa kuzvikoro zvavafundisi. Nokudaro, isiri nguva refu pashure pezana rokutanga ramakore, boka ravakuru vorudzidziso rakavanzika rakatonga muchiKristudhomu. Iri boka harina kuwiriraniswa navakuru navabatiri vanoshumira vechiKristu vomuzana rokutanga ramakore asi rakawiriraniswa namasangano orudzidziso rwenhema.
17. Ndirini, zvikurukuru, apo simba raasingateereri mutemo rakasimbiswa?
17 Pakuvamba sezana ramakore rechitatu N.V., vadaviriwo zvavo vakanga vaderedzerwa kumugariro weboka rechipiri wavanhuwo zvavo. Munhu akawa pakutenda wokusateerera mutemo pashoma napashoma akawana simba rokutonga. Iri simba rakasimbiswa mukati mokutonga kwamambo weRoma Constantine, zvikurukuru pashure peDare Nicaea muna 325 N.V. Ipapo Chechi neHurumende zvakabatanidzwa pamwe chete. Nokudaro, munhu wokusateerera mutemo—vakuru vechiKristudhomu—vakava mutsara wakareba mazana amakore avawi pakutenda mukupandukira Mwari wechokwadi, Jehovha. Mitemo negadziriro izvo ivo vakatevera ndezvavo vamene kwete zvaMwari.
Dzidziso Dzechihedheni
18. Idzidzisoi dzechihedheni dzinotuka Mwari dzakagamuchira asingateereri mutemo?
18 Munhu anovamba wokusateerera mutemo akatorawo dzidziso dzechihedheni. Somuenzaniso, mwari woUtatu akavanzika, asinganzwisisiki akatsiva Uyo anoti: “Ndini Jehovha. Iroro ndiro zita rangu; handisati ndichizopa mbiri yangu ndimene kumunhu upi noupi zvake.” “Ndini Jehovha, uye hakuna mumwezve. Kunze kwangu hakuna Mwari.” (Isaya 42:8; 45:5, NW) Uku kutsiva zvokwadi dzaMwari nemirangariro yavanhu, kunyange yechihedheni, kwakakudzwa kuti kubatanidze kumwe kutuka Mwari: kurumbidzwa kwaMaria anozvininipisa weBhaibheri sa“Amai vaMwari” vechiKristudhomu. Nokudaro, vatsigiri vedzidziso dzenhema dzakadaro, boka ravakuru vorudzidziso, vakava vakaipa zvikurusa va“mashawi” akakushwa naSatani kuedza kuvhunga mbeu yakaisvonaka yakakushwa naKristu.—Mateo 13:36-39.
19. ChiKristudhomu chakaparadzika sei mumazana amakore, asi chii chakapfuuridzirwa?
19 Sezvo mikaha nemikana zvakaitika, chiKristudhomu chakapwanyika kuva mazana amarudzidziso namasekete. Asi rudzidziso rutsva rumwe norumwe kana kuti sekete, kusiya zvishomanene, zvakachengeta boka racho ravakuru vorudzidziso navanhuwo zvavo. Nokudaro, boka romunhu wokusateerera mutemo rakapfuuridzirwa kusvikira kuzuva rino. Uye richiri kupfuurira kuzvimisa rimene pamusoro pavanhuwo zvavo nenguvo yaro yakasiana namazita okuremekedza anoorora. Nenzira yakajeka, Pauro haana kukatutsira paakataura kuti boka romunhu wokusateerera mutemo raizozvirumbidza rimene ndokuzvisimudza rimene kusvikira panzvimbo yakafanana neyaMwari.
Simba Rapapa
20. Manyuko eKaturike anorondedzera sei papa?
20 Muenzaniso wokupiwa mbiri kwakadaro ndouya wesimba rapapa weRoma. Duramashoko yavakuru vorudzidziso yakanyorwa naLucio Ferraris, yakabudiswa muItaly, inorondedzera papa so“wechiremera chakadaro noukuru zvokuti iye haasati achingova zvake munhu asi, sokunge zvakadaro, Mwari, uye Mutsivi waMwari.” Korona yake ikorona nhatu “samambo wedenga, wapasi uye wehero.” Duramashoko imwe cheteyo inopfuurira, ichiti: “Papa, sokunge zvakadaro, ndiMwari pasi pano, muchinda bedzi wavakatendeka vaKristu, mambo mukurusa wamadzimambo ose.” Inowedzera, kuti: “Papa anogona pane dzimwe nguva kudzivisa mutemo woumwari.” Uyewo, The New Catholic Dictionary inotaura nezvapapa, ichiti: “Nhume dzake dzinotangira mimwe mitezo yeboka ravamiriri vedzimwe nyika.”
21. Sianisa mabasa apapa naayo aPetro nengirozi.
21 Kusafanana navadzidzi vaJesu, papa kazhinji kazhinji anopfeka nguvo yakasanogadzirwa zvikuru uye anogamuchira rumbidzo yavanhu. Papa anobvumira vanhu kumukotamira, kutsvoda mhete yake, uye kumutakura pamapfudzi avo ari muchigaro chaicho. Vanapapa vakaratidzira zvisina maturo sei kwamazana ose amakore apfuura! Musiano zvamazvirokwazvo norupfave rwokuzvininipisa rwaPetro, uyo akati kuna Kornerio, mukuru mukuru wehondo yeRoma uyo akapfugama patsoka dzaPetro kuti amukudze: “Mira, . . . ndinongova zvangu munhu”! (Mabasa 10:25, 26, Jerusalem Bible reKaturike) Uye musiano wakadini nengirozi yakapa muapostora Johane Zvakazarurwa! Johane akaedza kukotamira nenzira yokunamata ngirozi iyoyo, asi ngirozi yakazivisa, kuti: “Rega kudaro; ndiri muranda pamwe chete newe nehama dzako vaporofita, navanochengeta mashoko ebhuku iyi; namata Mwari.”—Zvakazarurwa 22:8, 9.
22. Asingateereri mutemo angazivikanwa kupfurikidza nomutemoi wapaMagwaro?
22 Ko uku kurangarirwa kweboka ravakuru vorudzidziso kwakanyanyosimba here? Tinogona kuziva ikoku kupfurikidza nokushandisa mutemo uyo Jesu akapa wokuziva nawo vaporofita venhema: “Muchavaziva nezvibereko zvavo.” (Mateo 7:15, 16) Chii, ipapoka, chave chiri chibereko chavakuru vorudzidziso mumazana amakore apfuura uye muzana redu timene ramakore rechi 20? Chii chichava mugumo wouyu munhu wokusateerera mutemo, uye ndivanaani vachagoverana mugumo iwoyo? Mutoroi uyo avo vanotya Mwari zvirokwazvo vanawo pamusoro pouyu asingateereri mutemo? Nyaya dzinotevera dzichakurukura aya mapfundo.
Mibvunzo Yehwirudzuro:
◻ Ndiani ari munhu wokusateerera mutemo, uye iye akaoneka rini?
◻ Bhaibheri rinozivisa sei muvambi weiri boka risingateereri mutemo?
◻ Vakuru vorudzidziso vakazvisimudza vamene sei pamusoro pavanhu?
◻ Idzidzisoi nemiitiro zvokuwa pakutenda zvakavambwa navakuru vorudzidziso?
◻ Chimiro chavanapapa chinosiana sei neicho chaPetro nengirozi?
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 14]
Muapostora Petro, kusafanana navanapapa, haana kubvumira munhu kumupfugamira