Niireke Tthiri Muluku Onniwoonela Vatthu Athiyana?

“Yoottheka epacenrye ni muthiyana, nto mwaha na muthiyana otheene ahu nihaana okhwa”.​—AHOOLELI A ITIINI A ESEEKULU YA NENLI B.C.E.

“Nyuwo mwa ephiro ya diabo. Nyuwo mulipa owuupulula mwiri yoole waakhoottihiwe; weyo topacerihale otthekela nlamulo na Muluku . . . Nyuwo moomuhonona mookhweyexa mulopwana yoowo ori elatarato ya Muluku.​—TERTULLIAN, ON THE APPAREL OF WOMEN, SECOND CENTURY C.E.

MASU a iveersu iya sa khalayi khanikhuma mBiibiliyani. Masi okhuma khalai, moolumo ala yaanirumeeliwa ephavelaka othanyiwa athiyana. Hata mahiku ala, nlelo atthu ootakhala anootthererya omurumeela Muluku, annipaka malamulo aya wira athiyana athanyiweke, ahimyaka wira athiyana takumihenyre iretta wa apinaatamu otheene. Niireke Muluku aahiwuupa athiyana wira ethanyiweke ni ohooxiwa ni alopwana? Biibiliya onihimya exeeni? Nkahaya niwehe.

◼ Niireke Athiyana Arimuulumeliwa ni Muluku?

Nnaari. “enowa ya khalai eniihaniwa Diabo”, tiyuulumeliwe ni Muluku. (Wisupulula 12:9; Maphattuwelo 3:14) Okathi Muluku aalavunle awe wira Adamu aarowa ‘omurumaka’ mwaarawe, khahiyo wira Muluku vaarowa omusivelaka owoona athiyana ehaaxiwaka ni alopwana. (Maphattuwelo 3:16) Owo aahimya paahi itthu soohiloka saarowa owiiranela anamathelana ale opacerya mwaha wa otheka waya.

Tivonto, ohaaxiwa wa athiyana, onniiraneya mwaha wa etampi ya apinaatamu, ohiya otthuna wa Muluku. Biibiliya khanikhaliherya moonelo woowi alopwana yahaaxeke athiyana wira eliverye etampi ya wEdeni.​—aRoma 5:12.

◼ Niireke Muluku ohaapattuxa athiyana wira ekhale ooyeva moovirikana ni alopwana?

Nnaari. Maphattuwelo 1:27 oni: ‘Muluku ompattuxale mutthu, aìlikanyihaka mmansawe. Owo, ohapattuxaka alopwana n’athiyana’. Ela enooniherya wira okhuma wanipacerya, apinatamu otheene,—alopwana ni athiyana aapattuxiwa wira yooniheryeke mikhalelo sa Muluku. Nnaamwi makhalelo a murutthuni mwa Adamu ni Eva yaari oovirikana, Muluku ahaavaha otheene aya muteko ni idiretu simosaru.​—Maphattuwelo 1:28-31.

Ahinatthi ompattuxa Eva, Muluku aahilavula wira: ‘Kintthuna ompattuxerya [Adamu] mukhaliheryo womphwanela’. (Maphattuwelo 2:18) Niireke masu ala oowi mukhaliheryo womphwanela anitaphulela wira muthiyana aari mukhaani onvikana mulopwana? Nnaari, maana nttaava na eHeeberi noowi namakhaliherya, ninnirumeeliwa mwa enamuna enooniherya wira mulopwana pooti-tho okhala namakhaliherya. Nkawehani ntakiheryo nna: Omooperari mutthu ori muteko woovila; onivariwa ni mulipa oowoperari, ni ole onimuhela anestesiya muretta. Niireke mmosa onoowerya ovara muteko awe voohikhaliheriwa ni mukhwa awe? Nnaari! Niireke wira mulipa owooperari torina efaita onvikana mukhwa awe? Nnaari. Moolikanasa, Muluku ompattuxa mulopwana ni muthiyana wira evareke muteko vamosa, ohiya owana-wana.​—Maphattuwelo 2:24.

◼ Exeeni Enooniherya wira Muluku onnaathokorerya athiyana?

Mwaha woosuwela vahinatthi ele apinaatamu oottheka yaarowa aya opaka, Muluku aahooniherya yoolakela awe ya waakhapelela athiyana. Elavulaka voohimya sa Malamulo a Moise, eliivuru La Bible au féminin, (Mukhalelo wa Athiyana Onilavuliwa mBiibiliyani) elempwale ni Laure Aynard a eseekulu 16 A.E.C., enihimya so: “Okathi yoole malamulo a wataana anilavula aya sa athiyana, ikwaha sinci anilavula woophavela owaakiherya”.

Mwa ntakiheryo, nlamulo naanitumererya omuttittimiha tiithi ni maama. (Okhuma 20:12; 21:15, 17) Nave nlamulo nno naanilavula wira muthiyana oorupala aahaana okhapeleliwa saana. (Okhuma 21:22) Hata mahiku ahu ala, malamulo yaapakiwe ni Muluku annooneya waakhapelela athiyana, moovirikana ni malamulo a ilapo sikina sinceene seiye athiyana onikhoottiheriwa aya okhalana idiretu saya.

Nlamulo Nenlo Nnooniherya Moota Muluku Onaathokorerya Awe Athiyana

Nlamulo Yehova Muluku aavanhe awe anaIsarayeli, naanaakhapelela atthu otheene—alopwana ni athiyana—mmukhalelo wa werutthuni, mweettelo, ni ompatthani aya ni Muluku. Vaavo anaIsarayeli yaiwelela aya, awo ‘yaninnuwa wavikana atthu othene a mulaponi’. (Otumererya 28:1, 2) Nto tuuvi aari opuro wa athiyana mwa nlamulo na Muluku? Nkahaya muthokorerye iponto iya:

1. Otaphuwa wa khula mutthu. Moovirikana ni athiyana a maloko makina a khalai, wIsarayeli athiyana yaaniphwanya otaphuwa wookhalela. Nnaamwi ohoolela etthoko aavahiwe mulopwana, muthiyana ni aiyawe yahaana okhala ororomelana; nto muthiyana aanikhalana ematta awe wira aaleke soolya. Akhala wira muthiyana aanisuwela opaka itthu sikina ntoko otthava wala ottottha ikuwo, owo aanimweetta nakoso awe. (Miruku 31:11, 16-19) Nlamulo na Moise nanaavaha athiyana edireitu ya okhala mutthu oottittimiheya; ohiya okhala ipottha sa alopwana.

WIsarayeli a khalai, athiyana yaahikhalana otaphuwa wira yataaneke ni Muluku. Biibiliya onnimulavula Hanna yoowo aavenke wa Muluku itthu saaphavela awe, nto khumutthukhwa natiri wiiphiini. (1 Samuweli 1:11, 24-28) Muthiyana mmosa aakhuma elapo ya oXunemi aanirowa oveka miruku wa profeta Eliseyo mahiku a eSaabadu. (2 Mamwene 4:22-25) Athiyana ntoko Deebora ni Hulda yaahithanliwa ni Muluku okhala arumeyi awe wala maprofeta. Ti vooloka oweha wira alopwana oovuwa ni alipa a mukuttho, yaanaavekela miruku athiyana awo.​—Makhulupale 4:4-8; 2 Mamwene 22:14-16, 20.

2. Okhalana eparakha ya osomihiwa. Ntoko naahimya aya nivarihano na Nlamulo, athiya yaanilattuliwa wira yawiriyaneke naasommwaka Nlamulo wira yiixutte. (Otumererya 31:12; Nehemiya 8:2, 8) Nto athiyana yaaniirela mpantta miteko sikina sa okokhorela. Mwa ntakiheryo, athiyana akina yaanitthokiha miteko sa mpaani mwa Muluku, vaavo akina yaalokiherya aya masipo.​—Okhuma 38:8; 1 Wahala 25:5, 6.

Athiyana anceene yaanisuwela saana moota woowiira anakoso. (Miruku 31:24) Okathi owo maloko makina yaasomiha anamwene yaale yaari alopwana paahi. Moovirikana ni atthu awo, aximaayi anaIsarayeli, yaanaakhaliherya asiiyaya vaavo yaawiixuttiha aya anaaya mpakha wunnuwa. (Miruku 1:8; 31:1) Nto ela enooniherya wira wIsarayeli a khali atthiyana yaari atthu yiixutta wala yaasoma.

3. Ovahiwa nlemeliho ni ottittimihiwa. Malamulo ale Muloko, yaanilavula oratteene wira: Mwattittimihe atithinyu n’amaminyu’. (Okhuma 20:12) Masu a Mwene Salomoni ari eliivuru ya miruku, ani: ‘Mwan’ aka, nwiriyane molumo òlaka àtithinyu. Muhithanyeké miruku’ sa amaminyu.​—Miruku 1:8.

Nlamulo nno naanivaha malakiheyo a moota wowiisumaaliha wa alipa oohithela, wira ettittimihiweke athiyana. (Onamukuttho 18:6, 9; Otumererya 22:25, 26) Mulopwana oothela ahaana waakhapelelaka saana amwaarawe mmikhalelo sotheene.​—Onamukuttho 18:19.

4. Idireitu sinitthuneya okhapeleliwa. Mbiibiliyani, Yehova oolavula wira owo ti ‘tithi ànamwane ikwasuni, owo onniwakiha athiyana anamukhweli’. Wala niire so: owo aari Mulipa aawaakiha anamwane yahaarina anamuyari aya wira yaakiheryeke edireitu aya wala athiyana yahaarina asiiyaya. (Esalimo 68:5; Otumererya 10:17, 18) Okathi omosa naamukhweli a profeta khaathokoreriwe saana ni mulipa aamukophenle awe, nto Yehova aahiphuka mwaha ole mwa mutikiniho wira akhapelele edireitu ya naamukhweli ole.​—2 Mamwene 4:1-7.

Ehinatthi anaIsarayeli okela Elapo Yoolaiheriwa, muhooleli eetthoko iihaniwa Selofehadi aahikhwa ahinathi omuyara mwaana mwaamulopwana. Anaawe athanu anaaxithiyana, yaahinvekela Moise ‘yoohiyeriwa’ Mulaponi Yaalaiheriwe aya. Nto Yehova ahaavaha itthu sinceene ovikana iye yaavenke aya. Owo aahimuleela Moise wira: ‘Mwavahe yohiyeriwa ntoko savahalyanyu axinna àtithi aya: Yohiyeriwa y’atithi aya ekhale yawaya’. Okhuma okathi yoole, athiyana a wIsarayeli yaanivahiwa soohiyeriwa sa axitiithi aya wira yaahiyeryeke anaaya.​—Mothakoni 27:1-8.

Atthu Akina Anilavula Moovirikanya Moota Muluku Onaathokorerya Awe Athiyana.

Munlamuloni na Moise, athiyana yaanivahiwa nttittimiho ni okhapeleliwa moovarihana ni edireitu aya. Nto, ovinyerya eseekulu 4 A.E.C., aYuda yaahikuxa soolema sa eKriki seiyo saahimya wira athiyana atthu a mukhalelo mwaamukhaani.​—Nwehe ekaaxa eni: “Onyokhiwa wa Athiyana, Mulivurini sa Khalai”.

Mwa ntakiheryo: Nahantisi oniihaniwa Hesiod a (eseekulu 8 A.E.C.) aahilavula muliivuruni mwawe Theogony wira iretta siniwiiva atthu otheene sinikumiheriwa ni athiyana, “maana awo nloko ninkumiherya ihasara siniiva”. Muupuwelo owo waahimwareela wa aYuda wanipacerya wa eseekulu 2 A.E.C. Yoolepa ya Talmud ya eseekulu 2 E.C. mpakha muhoolo mwaya, yaahilavula wira: “Muhilavuleke okathi munceene ni muthiyana, okhala wira owo onimootthekihani”.

Moolumo ala, yaahikumiherya mukhalelo woohiloka eriyari ya athiyana mmuttetthe wa aYuda. Mahiku a Yesu, waahipakiwa mukano wa Nikhuuru na athiya yiirela mpantta mpaani mwa Muluku. Atthu yiixuttiha mwaha sa etiini yaari alopwana paahi, nave athiyana khiyaakilaathi vamosa ni alopwana musinagoga. Yoolepa ya Talmud ennimulavula Mulipa oowiixuttiha aahimmye so: “Ole onimwiixuttiha mwanawe mwaamuthiyana Etorah [Nlamulo] onipaka etthu ya haaya”. Mwaha woovirikanyiha moonelo wa Muluku, etiini ya aYuda yaaniwiixuttiha alopwana waahasula athiyana.

Okathi Yesu aaryaawe valaponi, aahiweha ohicaleliwa waya athiyana mwaha wa soolepa soohiloka. (Matheyo 15:6, 9; 26:7-11) Niireke sowiixuttiha iya soohiloka saahimukela Yesu? Exeeni eniixutta ahu voohimya sa mmoota aakhapelela awe athiyana? Niireke maKristau ekeekhai annaamini nikhaliheryo na athiyana? Mwaha onittharelana onimwaakhula makoho ala.

[Ekaaxa epaaxina 7]

Onyokhiwa wa Athiyana, Mulivurini sa Khalai

Ovinyerya eseekulu yoopacerya, E.C., mpakha vano, alipa oolepa ntoko Filo a wAlexandria aahipacerya orumeela sowiixuttiha soohiloka sa efilosofia wira atthokiherye eliivuru ya Maphattuwelo. Filo, muliivuruni mwawe aalempe wira yoottheka ya Eva waari mwaha wa orupihana ni Adamu, “nto vano khuphukeliwa, ni khuhikhalana-tho otaphuwa ohoolo wa mulopwana eyo piiyo mpatthani awe.” Nto muupuwelo owo waahuulaana wa aYuda, ni alipa Oowiixuttiha Mmaikerexani.

Etexto Midrash Rabba, ya eYuda elempwe eseekulu 2, mwiixuttihi mmosa aahitthokiherya nthowa naya athiyana anikhuneela aya wiitho ni eveeu ariki: “Awo anlikana ni muttho opanke etampi nto khuuliwa muru ohoolo wa atthu”. Nto, Sowiixuttiha iya sa atthareli a Tertuliyano, okhuma eseekulu 2 E.C. saaniwiiriha atthu owiixuttihaka athiyana wira yeetteke ntoko “Eva okathi aikhupanyerya awe, ni yooniheryeke wiittaruxa”. Sowiixuttiha iya seiyo saakhala wira saarii mBiibiliyani, saanirumeeliwa wira ehaaxiweke athiyana.

[Elatarato epaaxina 5]

Eva aapattuxiwe ntoko namakhaliherya onimmaleliherya Adamu

[Elatarato epaaxina 6]

Athiya a Isarayeli a khalai khula nihiku yaanivara miteko sa anakoso