NYUWO MWAANISUWELA?

Moota xeeni atthu a khalai yaapaka aya apakiti yahaavolowa maasi?

Lionel Casson, musomi onisuwela waatokosa a pakiti a khalai, onnitthokiherya ele yaavariwa ni ale yaapaka apakiti oRoma wa khalai, nuumala waateka apakiti awo. Awo “yaanimara madera otheene wala mpantta wa ota ni betume, alcatrão ni pirinisi yoowo aarumeeliwa mpantta wa mpuwa”. Okathi munceene aRoma ahinatthi, atthu a wAcadia ni aBabilonia yaanimurumeela betume wira attiye iphaka sa apakiti aya.

Biibiliya onniromola enamuna eyo ya waateka apakiti mwa yoolepa ya Maphattuwelo 6:14. Nuulumo na eHeeberi nirumeeliwe-va, nintaphulela betume wala alcatrão, yoole onipakiwa orumeeliwaka petróleo.

Betume eekeekhai onikhala wa mikhalelo miili: maasi ene, wala nluku nene. Alipa yaapaka apakiti khalai, yaanimurumeela betume maasi ene, wira yaamare apakiti aya. Vaavo waarumeeliwa aya betume wa maasi ene, owo waanuuma mowaakuveya ni waanittiya iphaka okhoottiheryaka ovolowa maasi.

Okathi wa Biibiliya, betume khiwaathowa. Ekhato ya oSidimi, yeeyo eri muttetthe wa Ephareya Yookhwa yaahisareya betume.​—Maphattuwelo 14:10.

Khalai saakhapeleliwa sai ihopa wira sihintte?

Okhuma khalai, ehopa yaari yoolya yootthuneya. Ahinatthi opacerya weetta ni Yesu, arummwa awe akina, yaari atothi a ihopa ephareya ya oGalileya. (Matheyo 4:18-22) Waaniheryasa, ihopa sikina saavariwa, saanikhapeleliwa mapuro akhanle ahu owiitthana “ifaabrika” sa muttetthe ole.

Inamuna saarumeeliwa oGalileya wa khalai wira sikhapeleliwe ihopa wira sihintte nlelo sinnirumeeliwa mapuro makina. Wira sikhapeleliwe, wanipacerya ihopa iyo sinniphuliwa ni okumihiwa marupo aya ni orapihiwa mmaasini. Eliivuru Studies in Ancient Technology, ennihimya etthu enittharelana: “Enniheliwa maakha ehopa yotheene, mwaano ni maapaliwe aya. Maakha makina anniheliwa osulu wa ehopa okathi enuuma aya. Nuumala opwehiwa mahiku 3-5 ennirukunuxeliwa mpantta mukina ni enaviriha okathi omosaru. Okathi owo, maasi annikhuma nto maakha anakela. Nuumala wuuma ehopa eyo, ennikhala yoolipa ni yooturuwa”.

Khivanisuweliwa mahiku yaavira wira ihopa sikhapeleliwe mwa enamuna ela. Masi, ekeekhai wira atthu a wEjiitu wa khalai, yaaniroiha ihopa oSiria yooniheryaka wira inamuna iyo sookhapelela ihopa saanikhumela saana.