Ukulondolozwa Nxamnye Nokupheliswa Kwazo
IDABI phakathi kokulondolozwa nokupheliswa kwezidalwa lisaqhubeka. Imibutho emininzi yokubonelela inyanzela urhulumente ukuba amisele imithetho engqongqo ngakumbi yokulondoloza izidalwa ukuze kukhuselwe izidalwa ezisengozini yokuphela.
Ngokomzekelo, kutshanje, amaqela awahlukahlukeneyo aye ahlangana namagosa aseTshayina aza afumana inkxaso yawo kwimizamo yokunciphisa ukubanjiswa kweebhere ezimnyama zaseAsia. Ezi zilwanyana ziye zabanjiswa ukuze kufunyanwe izingxobo zazo zenyongo, ezisetyenziswa ekwenzeni amayeza esintu aseMpuma.
Uncedo Oluvela Kumazwe Ngamazwe
Ukukhusela isidalwa kwelinye ilizwe kodwa sizingelwe side siphele kwenye indawo akukwenzi kuphumelele ukulondolozwa kwaso. Ngokomphumo, izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe ziye zangqineka zisexesheni—kwaye zininzi. IConvention on Biological Diversity, iRio Treaty, yaqalisa ukusebenza ekupheleni kowe-1993, ilandelwa ngokusondeleyo yiAgreement on the Conservation of Bats eYurophu. I-International Whaling Commission yongezelela indawo eyayiza kukhusela iminenga yoLwandlekazi olusemaZantsi kuleyo ikuLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya isenza umgudu wokukhusela iminenga emikhulu nebizwa ngokuba ziiminke. Kodwa mhlawumbi esona sivumelwano sinamandla yiConvention on International Trade in Endangered Species.—Bona ibhokisi.
Umntu usenokuninzi amele akufunde ngokwalamana kwesidalwa nesinye. Omnye umlobi waseMpuma Afrika weza nentlanzi ekuthiwa yiNile perch eLake Victoria ukuze andise ukutya nokuye kwabangela oko isazinzulu ngezilwanyana uColin Tudge sakubiza ngokuba “yeyona ntlekele inkulu yokonakaliswa kwendalo kule nkulungwane.” Ezinye iindidi zeentlanzi ezingama-200 kwezingama-300 ezikweli chibi zaphela. Nangona ubungqina bakutshanje bubek’ ityala ukhukuliso lomhlaba ngokuphazamisa ukulingana kwezilwanyana, oorhulumente bamazwe amathathu akumda weli chibi baye baseka umbutho oza kufumanisa ukuba luluphi udidi lwentlanzi olunokufakwa apho ngaphandle kokubeka iintlanzi zalapho engozini.
Ukungenelela Komntu
Enye indlela eye yaba nempumelelo yinkqubo yokuzizalisa ziselugcinweni esetyenziswa ziindawo ezininzi zokugcina izilwanyana. “Ukuba yonke imizi yokugcina izilwanyana yehlabathi inokuzama ukuxhasa inkqubo yokuzaliswa kwezilwanyana ziselugcinweni, yaye ukuba uwonke wonke unokuxhasa le mizi yokugcina izilwanyana, ngoko banokukwazi ukukhusela zonke izilwanyana ezinethambo lomqolo ekusenokwenzeka ukuba zifune ukuzaliswa ziselugcinweni kwixesha elizayo esililindeleyo.”—Last Animals at the Zoo.
Umzi wokugcina izilwanyana okwisiqithi esincinane saseJersey eBritani ukhulisa ezi zilwanyana zinqabileyo ngenjongo yokuzibuyisela ehlathini kwakhona. Ngowe-1975, bekusele kuphela izikhwenene zaseSt. Lucia ezili-100 kwikhaya lazo elikwiCaribbean. Ezisixhenxe kwezi ntaka zathunyelwa eJersey. Ngowe-1989 lo mzi wokugcina izilwanyana wawusele uvelise ezili-14 ezongezelelekileyo yaye wawusele ubuyisele ezinye zezi eSt. Lucia. Ngoku kunikelwa ingxelo yokuba zingaphezu kwama-300 ezihombise eso siqithi.
Iinkqubo ezifana nezi ziye zangqineka ziphumelela nakwezinye iindawo. INational Geographic inikela ingxelo yokuba iired wolves ezili-17 ezisele kuMntla Merika zanda kakuhle elugcinweni kangangokuba ngoku ezingaphezu kwama-60 ziye zabuyiselwa ehlathini.
Ngaba Kuphumelela Ngokugqithiseleyo?
Izilwanyana ezisengozini azisoloko ziphantsi kwesisongelo sokuphela nje kuphela. Ngokutsho kwencwadi ethi Endangered Species—Elephants, phakathi kowe-1979 nowe-1989, inani leendlovu zaseAfrika lehla lisuka kwezisisi-1300 000 ukusa kwezingama-609 000—ezinye zisifa ngenxa yokubulawa kwazo ngokungekho mthethweni kufunwa amabamba azo. Ngoko ukunyanzela kwabantu urhulumente ukuba amise umthetho ophelisa ukuthengiswa kwala mabamba kwanda. Sekunjalo, kwachaswa ngokuphandle ukupheliswa kokuthengiswa kwamabamba. Kutheni?
EZimbabwe naseMzantsi Afrika, inkqubo yokulondolozwa kwezilwanyana ingqineke inempumelelo kakhulu kangangokuba iipaki zelizwe neendawo zokugcina izilwanyana zasendle zizele ntli ziindlovu. INew Scientist yanikela ingxelo yokuba eZimbabwe kwafuneka kushenxiswe iindlovu ezingama-5000 eHwange National Park. Amaqela alondoloza izilwanyana ancomela ukuba zifuduselwe kwenye indawo. Amagosa epaki azithengisa iindlovu eziseleyo aza acebisa oosomashishini baseNtshona abangakufuniyo ukuphungulwa kwazo ngokuzibulala ukuba “bayeke ukunikela amacebiso kodwa banikele uncedo ngemali ukuze zifuduswe kwakhona.”
Amathemba Athandabuzekayo
Noko ke, izinto zikhe zingahambi kakuhle. Abaninzi bavakalisa inkxalabo ngokubuyiselwa kwezilwanyana ehlathini. Ingwe yaseSiberia iphila kamnandi elugcinweni, kodwa ehlathini ifuna ihlathi elizizikwekhilomitha ezingama-260, nelingenabo abazingeli abangekho mthethweni. Ngaphezu koko, iThe Independent on Sunday, ithi: “Beka ingwe ekhuliswe kumzi wokugcina izilwanyana kwindawo ebimele ihlale kuyo, yaye phantse ngokuqinisekileyo iya kubethwa liphango.” Eneneni eli lithemba elimfiliba!
Enyanisweni, asizizo zonke izidalwa ezineqela elikhethekileyo labantu abazincedayo. Yaye le ngxaki ayibangelwa kukungabikho kwabantu abaneleyo. Akukhathaliseki nokuba abalondolozi bezilwanyana bazinikele kangakanani na, xa bejamelene nokuqhatha, ukubawa nokungakhathali kwamagosa karhulumente kwakunye nemfazwe nezisongelo zokubulawa, banokuthemba njani ukuba banokuphumelela? Ngoko, sisiphi isicombululo kwingxaki yezidalwa ezisengozini yokuphela? Yaye ubandakanyeke njani?
[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 7]
Isixhobo Sezizwe Ngezizwe
IConvention on International Trade in Endangered Species isisixhobo esinamandla ekulweni nxamnye nokurhweba okungekho mthethweni ngezidalwa ezisengozini yokuphela. Izikhumba zamahlosi, amabamba eendlovu, amathambo ezingwe, iimpondo zemikhombe neemfudo zaselwandle ziphakathi kwezinto ekuphelisiweyo ukuzithengisa ngoku. Esi sivumelwano siquka imithi neentlanzi ezisengozini yokuphela.
Noko ke, iTime yalumkisa isithi: “Ngaphandle kokuba amazwe angamalungu anokufumana indlela yokwenza ukuba le migaqo ilandelwe, . . . basenokufumanisa ukuba izilwanyana azama ukuzikhusela azisekho.”
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 24]
Ngaba eminye imigudu yokulondoloza izilwanyana iye yaphumelela gqitha?
[Inkcazelo]
Courtesy of Clive Kihn