Ukubuyela Kwiindlela Ezisisiseko Zokulwa Nesifo Seengcongconi
Ekubeni ihlabathi linikele ingqalelo kakhulu kwiimfazwe zamakhaya, kulwaphulo-mthetho, kukungaqeshwa, nakwezinye iintlekele, ukubulawa kwabantu sisifo seengcongconi akufane kuthethwe ngako kwiindaba zangokuhlwa. Noko ke, iWorld Health Organization (WHO) ithi, phantse isiqingatha sabemi behlabathi namhlanje siphila phantsi kwesisongelo sesifo seengcongconi, ibe abantu abazizigidi ezingama-300 ukuya kwezingama-500 bathwaxwa siso nyaka ngamnye, nto leyo eyenza isifo seengcongconi “sibe sesona sifo sisasazekileyo kuzo zonke izifo ezifumaneka kweleenjiko nesona siqengq’ ugodo.” Sibulala kangakanani?
Rhoqo ngemizuzwana engama-20 kukho umntu obulawa sisifo seengcongconi. Elo nani lifikelela kumaxhoba angaphezu kwe-1,5 ezigidi afayo nyaka ngamnye—nani elo elilingana nabemi bonke belizwe laseAfrika iBotswana. Abantu abasithoba kwabalishumi ababulawa sisifo seengcongconi bakweleenjiko eAfrika, apho awona maxhoba maninzi ingabantwana abancinane. Kumazwe aseMerika, iWHO yafumanisa ukuba abona bantu baninzi banesifo seengcongconi bakummandla weAmazon. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi nezinye iinguqu ezenzeka kwimekobume kuye kwashiya izigede zamaxhoba esifo seengcongconi kuloo nxalenye yehlabathi. Kwezinye iindawo zaseBrazil ezihlala ama-Amazon, le ngxaki iye yamandundu ngakumbi kangangokuba abemi abangaphezu kwama-500 kwabali-1000 banesi sifo.
Enoba kuseAfrika, kumazwe aseMerika, eAsia, okanye kwenye indawo, isifo seengcongconi sithwaxa ingakumbi abona bemi bangamahlwempu. I-WHO ithi, aba bantu, “abazifumani lula iinkonzo zezempilo, abakwazi ukufikelela izinto zokukhusela impilo yabo ibe bakude kakhulu kwiinkonzo ezilungiselelwe ukukhusela isifo seengcongconi.” Sekunjalo, ingxaki yaba bangamahlwempu inokuncedwa. I-TDR News, iphephancwadi elithetha ngophando olwenziwa ngezifo ezikweleenjiko, ithi kwiminyaka yakutshanje kuye kwavela enye yezona ndlela zinik’ ithemba ekuthinteleni ukubulawa kwabantu sisifo seengcongconi. Nguwuphi loo mhlanguli wobomi? Yminatha ebekwa emandlalweni yokuthintela izinambuzane.
Iingenelo Zokusebenzisa Le Minatha
Nangona ukusebenzisa le minatha ibekwa emandlalweni ikukubuyela kwiindlela ezisisiseko, uGqr. Ebrahim Samba, umalathisi kwiofisi yeWHO eseAfrika, waxelela iPanos Features, eliphephancwadi lePanos Institute ukuba, uvavanyo lokuhlola ukusebenza kwale minatha ibekwa emandlalweni kumlo nxamnye nesifo seengcongconi luye “lwanemiphumo encumisa gqitha.” Ngokomzekelo, eKenya ukusetyenziswa kweminatha ebekwa emandlalweni neqatywe izinto zokubulala izinambuzane kuye kwanciphisa ukufa, kungekuphela nje okubangelwa sisifo seengcongconi, phakathi kwabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala, ngesinye kwisithathu. Ngaphandle kokusindisa ubomi, “le minatha inokunciphisa umthwalo kwiinkonzo zezempilo” kuba bambalwa abaguli ekuya kufuneka banyangwe esibhedlele ngenxa yesifo seengcongconi.
Noko ke, kusekho elinye iqhina ekusafuneka liconjululwe: Ngubani oza kuhlawulela le minatha? Xa abantu belinye ilizwe laseAfrika bacelwa ukuba benze umnikelo, uninzi lwabo lwabhebhetha. Ibe akumangalisi ukuba, kubantu abaphila kumazwe achitha ngaphantsi kwee-R25 ekunyamekeleni impilo yomntu ngamnye ngonyaka, kwanomnatha wokuthintela iingcongconi—enoba unesibulali-zinambuzane okanye awunaso—ububunewunewu nje. Noko ke, ekubeni le ndlela yokuthintela iya kudla urhulumente imali encinane kunokunyanga abaguli abanesifo seengcongconi, iingcali zeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo zithi “ibiya kuba kukonga imali karhulumente eshokoxekileyo ukusasaza kuze kuhlawulelwe iminatha enezibulali-zinambuzane.” Eneneni, koorhulumente, ukunikezela ngeminatha ebekwa emandlalweni bekuya kuba yindlela yokonga imali. Noko ke, kubemi babo abahlwempuzekileyo kude kwangaphezulu—kuyindlela yokusindisa ubomi babo.
[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 15]
CDC, Atlanta, Ga.