Xa Ukutya Intlanzi Kukugulisa

NGUMBHALI KAVUKANI! EFIJI

Ndiyitye okanye ndingayityi? Le yingxaki awayejamelene nayo uArebonto. Wayeyazi ingozi asenokujamelana nayo, kodwa wayelambile. Yaye le ntlanzi eyayinongiwe yayinuka kamnandi. Woyisakala waza waqalisa ukuyitya. Kodwa wazisola xa waba nesicaphucaphu nesisu esibuhlungu, nto leyo eyalandelwa kukuhlanza nokuhanjiswa sisisu.

NGEXESHA abahlobo bakhe babembalekisa bemsa esibhedlele kwisiqithi esincinane awayehlala kuso kwiPasifiki, uArebonto phantse wayengekho zingqondweni yaye umzimba wakhe uphelelwe ngamanzi, kubuhlungu isifuba, yaye intliziyo yakhe yayibetha kancinane ngendlela eyothusayo. Kwiintsuku ezibalwa ezalandelayo, ukongezelela kwintloko ebuhlungu awayenayo, wayenesiyezi, ediniwe, imilenze yakhe indindisholo, echama kabuhlungu yaye kusenzeka nento engaqhelekanga, xa into ibanda yayivakala ishushu ize eshushu ivakale ibanda. Emva kweentsuku ezisibhozo intliziyo yakhe yayibetha kakuhle, kodwa inyawo zazisendindisholo yaye wayediniwe kangangeeveki eziliqela.

UArebonto wayefunyenwe yityhefu edla ngokufumaneka kwiintlanzi ezityiwayo nezihlala kwiingqaqa zaselwandle. Esi sifo, esaziwa ngokuba yiciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), sifumaneka kwimimandla yeleenjiko nakuleyo engezantsi kwayo kulwandlekazi lweIndiya nolwePasifiki nakwiCaribbean. Kule mimandla, intlanzi kukutya kwalapha okuphambili.

Isifo ekuthiwa yi-CFP asisitsha. Enyanisweni, sabagqiba oomatiloshe baseYurophu. Ngokufanayo, abakhenkethi abaninzi namhlanje nabo baye bafunyanwa sesi sifo sibuhlungu. Ngesizathu esiqondakalayo, esi sifo sibangel’ ingxaki kubalobi nakumashishini okhenketho kwiziqithi zamazwe amaninzi. Ukongezelela, ngenxa yokuthengiswa kwentlanzi ephilayo nekhenkciweyo efumaneka kwiingqaqa zaselwandle kumazwe ngamazwe, esi sifo ngoku sikho nakwamanye amazwe ngaphandle kwalawo akweleeNjiko, kwiindawo esingekaziwa kuzo.a

Yintoni ebangela ukuba intlanzi efumaneka kwiingqaqa zaselwandle ibe netyhefu? Ngaba iyabonakala le ntlanzi xa inetyhefu? Phulaphula oko kutyhilwe luhlolisiso olwenziwe kumashumi eminyaka.

Unobangela Wesi Sifo

Kucingelwa ukuba yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yidinoflagellate enetyhefu ebangela i-CFP.b Le ntsholongwane ihlala kwiingqaqa ezifileyo ize inamathele kubulembu obulapho. Iintlanzi ezincinane zitya obu bulembu zize ziginye le tyhefu—ibizwa ngokuba yiciguatoxin—eveliswa ziidinoflagellate. Ezi ntlanzi zityiwa ziintlanzi ezinkulu, nazo zityiwe zezinye, yaye le tyhefu iyaqokelelana de iye kufikelela kwiintlanzi ezityiwayo. Noko ke, le tyhefu ayizigulisi ezi ntlanzi.

Iiciguatoxin zezinye zezona tyhefu zibulalayo zaziwayo. Ngethamsanqa, urhulumente waseOstreliya uthi “zimbalwa gqitha iindidi zeentlanzi eziba nale tyhefu.” Yaye le tyhefu ayilitshintshi ibala, ivumba okanye incasa yentlanzi, yaye ayibulawa kukuphekwa, kukuqwayitwa, ukugalelwa ityuwa, kukojiwa kumlilo onomsi okanye kukufakwa izinongo. Kwimeko ka-Arebonto, akazange ayikrokrele intlanzi awayityayo de waqaliswa sisisu, isifo sentliziyo nokuba nengxaki yemithambo-luvo.

Okufunyaniswe Ngoogqirha Nonyango

Okwangoku izazinzulu azikayifumanisi indlela yokuxilonga ukuze ziqiniseke enoba ubani une-CFP kusini na. Okwangoku, zixhomekeke kwisigulo umntu anaso, ngokuqhelekileyo esiqalisa kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kokutya intlanzi enetyhefu yaye oku kuqinisekiswa ngokuxilonga leyo ishiyekileyo. (Bona ibhokisi ekwiphepha elilandelayo.) Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-CFP, kububulumko ukubonana nogqirha. Nangona kungekho yeza laziwayo, unyango lunokukunciphisa ukugula, okudla ngokuphela emva kweentsuku eziliqela. Noko ke, i-CFP isenokuba yingozi, yaye ukunyangwa kwayo isaqala kusenokuba luncedo.

Umntu onesi sifo usenokugula ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi. Ezi ziquka ubungakanani betyhefu ekuloo ntlanzi, ubungakanani namalungu entlanzi etyiweyo, ubungakanani betyhefu esemzimbeni womntu, nommandla evela kuwo loo ntlanzi, kuba kubonakala ngathi iityhefu ziyahluka ngokwemimandla. Kunokuba umzimba ukwazi ukuzikhusela kule tyhefu, ibagulisa ngakumbi abantu, yaye iyingozi ngakumbi xa ibeth’ ibuyelela! Ukusel’ utywala kubagulisa ngakumbi abantu abanesi sifo. Ukuze aphephe akuphinda ahlaselwe sesi sifo, ubani ufanele ayeke ukutya intlanzi kangangeenyanga ezintathu ukusa kwezintandathu, itsho njalo incwadi ethetha ngesi sifo sandayo.

Xa sihlasele ngokwenene, ubani unokugula iiveki okanye iinyanga yaye maxa wambi neminyaka, nto leyo enokumbangela abe ngathi unesifo sokudinwa ngokugqithiseleyo. Kwiimeko ezimbalwa, abanye babulawa kukothuka, ukunikezela kwamalungu okuphefumla okanye intliziyo, okanye ukuphelelwa komzimba ngamanzi. Noko ke, oku kudla ngokwenzeka xa ubani etye ilungu elinetyhefu eninzi, njengentloko okanye iinyama zangaphakathi zentlanzi.

Into Eseyinkohla

Phantse zonke iintlanzi ezifumaneka kwiingqaqa, nezo zizityayo zisenokuba nayo ityhefu eyiciguatoxic. Kodwa nantsi into eseyinkohla. Intlanzi efumaneka komnye ummandla weengqaqa isenokuba netyhefu eninzi, kodwa intlanzi efanayo efunyenwe kufuphi naloo ndawo isenokungabi nayo. Intlanzi eyaziwa ngokuba nale tyhefu komnye ummandla isenokungabi nayo komnye. Ekubeni iidinoflagellate zingayikhuphi le tyhefu ngomlinganiselo ofanayo, akukho ndlela yakuqiniseka enoba intlanzi ethile inetyhefu.

Ukongezelela kule ngxaki, akukho ndlela iqinisekileyo nengabizi mali ininzi yakuyifumanisa intlanzi enale tyhefu. Ekuphela kwento esebenzayo amagosa empilo anokuyenza okwangoku, kukulumkisa abantu ngeentlanzi abangafanele bazitye nendawo ezinokufumaneka kuyo—inkcazelo esekelwe kwindawo ekufunyenwe kuyo ingxelo yabantu abanesifo i-CFP. Ezona ntlanzi ekucingelwa ukuba zinale tyhefu ziquka ibarracuda, igrouper, ikingfish, ired bass, irockfish, isnapper, kuquka nemoray eel. Ezona ntlanzi ezidla ngokuba yingozi zezindala nezinkulu. Kwezinye iindawo umthetho awuvumi ukuba kuthengiswe intlanzi esenokuba netyhefu. Noko ke, ngokuqhelekileyo aziyongozi iintlanzi zaselwandle ezingatyi ezinye iintlanzi ezifumaneka kwiingqaqa zaselwandle nentlanzi efumaneka kumanzi afudumeleyo okanye kummandla weenjiko.

Kucingwa ukuba baza kwanda abantu abanesifo i-CFP. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, oku kungenxa yokuba iingqaqa ezifileyo zandisa amathuba okwanda kweedinoflagellate ezinetyhefu, yaye iingxelo zibonisa ukuba ziya zisanda iingqaqa zaselwandle ezigulayo okanye ezifayo.

Phezu kwako nje ukungabi nazigqibo kwesifo i-CFP, usenokuwanciphisa amathuba okufunyanwa sesi sifo ngokwenza nje izinto ezilula. (Bona ibhokisi engasentla.) UArebonto wasinda cebetshu ngenxa yokuzityeshela ezi zinto. Watya intloko namanye amalungu entlanzi irockfish eyaziwa ngokuba yingozi. Wakha wayitya le ntlanzi ngaphambili kodwa zange agule, yaye njengabanye abemi besiqithi ahlala kuso, wazithemba ngokugqithiseleyo.

Ngaba oku kuthetha ukuba akufanele uphinde uyitye intlanzi, mhlawumbi ngoxa utyelele kummandla weenjiko? Akunjalo. Ikhondo lobulumko kukuphulaphula izilumkiso nokuyikhetha ngobulumko intlanzi ofanele uyitye.

[Imibhalo esemazantsi]

[Ibhokisi/Umfanekiso okwiphepha 21]

Iimpawu Eziqhelekileyo Zesi Sifo

◼ Ukuhanjiswa sisisu, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, ukulunywa sisisu

◼ Ukugodola, ukubila, isiyezi, intloko ebuhlungu, ukurhawuzelelwa

◼ Ukuba ndindisholo ngasemlonyeni, izandla, okanye iinyawo

◼ Ukubanda kwento eshushu, nokutshisa kwento ebandayo

◼ Ukuqaqamba kwezihlunu nasekudibaneni kwamalungu, naxa ubani echama

◼ Ukubetha kancinane kwentliziyo, ukuba noxinzelelo oluphantsi lwegazi, ukudinwa

[Ibhokisi/Umfanekiso okwiphepha 21]

Ukunciphisa Amathuba Okuhlaselwa Sesi Sifo

◼ Buza isebe lasekuhlaleni lemicimbi yaselwandle okanye abantu abanolwazi ngeentlanzi ngezo ongafanele uzitye nendawo ezifumaneka kuyo iintlanzi ezinetyhefu.

◼ Musa ukuyitya intlanzi ebanjiswe kwindawo ekusandul’ ukufumaneka kuyo iciguatera.

◼ Musa ukuyitya intlanzi endala, enkulu efumaneka kwiingqaqa zaselwandle.

◼ Musa ukuyitya intloko, isibindi okanye nezinye iinyama zangaphakathi.

◼ Wakuba ubambise intlanzi kwiingqaqa, zikhuphe kakuhle iinyama zangaphakathi.

[Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 20, 21]

Iintlanzi Ezidla Ngokurhanelwa

(ZISENOKUBIZWA NGAMAGAMA AHLUKAHLUKENEYO)

Isnapper

Igrouper

Ibarracuda

Irockfish

Ikingfish

Imoray eel

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 20]

Idinoflagellate, into ebangela ityhefu

[Inkcazelo Ngemifanekiso ekwiphepha 20]

Zonke iintlanzi ngaphandle kwe-eel: Ngumfanekiso kaDiane Rome Peebles - Ufunyenwe kwiFlorida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Division of Marine Fisheries Management; eel: Ifoto kaJohn E. Randall; dinoflagellate: Umfanekiso kaD. Patterson and R. Andersen, ufunyenwe kwimicro*scope (http://microscope.mbl.edu)

[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 21]

Eminye imifanekiso yeentlanzi: Imifanekiso kaDiane Rome Peebles - Ifunyenwe kwiFlorida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Division of Marine Fisheries Management