Oomama Neentsana Ezisempilweni

USANA olonwabileyo nolusempilweni luthe khotsho ezingalweni zikanina. Uyise akaziva ngamabhongo. Ngenxa yokuba le nto isenzeka kangangezigidigidi zezihlandlo minyaka le, sidla ngokuyithatha lula into yokuzalwa komntwana. Ngapha koko, yinkqubo eqhelekileyo—kutheni simele sizikhathaze ngayo?

Kuyavunywa ukuba, inkqubo yokubeleka idla ngokuhamba kakuhle, kodwa maxa wambi akubi njalo. Kungenxa yoko, abo baza kuba ngabazali besenza konke abanokukwenza ukuze baphephe iingxaki ezinokuvela. Ngokomzekelo, bafunda ngezinto ezingoonobangela beengxaki zokubeleka, bafune indlela esemgangathweni yokuzinyamekela ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe baze basebenzise iindlela ezilula zokunciphisa ukuba sengozini ngexesha lokulunywa nelokubeleka. Makhe sihlolisise ezi ngongoma ngokweenkcukacha.

Izinto Ezibangela Iingxaki Ngexesha Lokubeleka

Enye into ebangela iingxaki ngexesha lokubeleka elusaneni nakunina kukungazinyamekeli kakuhle ebudeni bokukhulelwa. UGqr. Cheung Kam-lau, okwicandelo leentsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa kwiSibhedlele iPrince of Wales eHong Kong, uthi, “ukungazinyamekeli ngoxa ukhulelwe kukubeka engozini.” Uphinda athi, “uninzi lwala mabhinqa lulindela ukufumana iintsana ezisempilweni nezithandekayo, kodwa izinto azisoloko zisenzeka ngendlela afuna ngayo.”

Xa ithetha ngeengxaki abanokuba nazo oomama abakhulelweyo iJournal of the American Medical Women’s Association ithi, “ezona zinto zibulala oomama ngoxa bebeleka” kukopha kakhulu, ukuphazamiseka kwenimba, izifo, noxinezeleko lwegazi oluphezulu ngendlela engathethekiyo. Noko ke, unyango olusebenzayo luyaziwa kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi “unyango lwamayeza lwezi mini . . . alufuni zinto zintsonkothileyo,” yaleka ngelitshoyo le ncwadi.

Unyango olukhoyo lunokunceda iintsana ezininzi. IUN Chronicle inikela ingxelo yokuba “ngokomlinganiselo iintsana ezimbini kwezintathu ezifa zisandul’ ukuzalwa bezinokusinda ukuba bonke abadlezana neentsana” bebefumana unyango “olwaziwayo, nolufumaneka lula olungafuni bugocigoci benzululwazi.” Noko ke, iPhilippines News Agency ithi, okulusizi kukuba ixhaphakile into yokuba oomama abakhulelweyo bangabi nalwazi yaye bangakukhathaleli ukufuna unyango.

Unyango Olukumgangatho Ophezulu Loomama Abakhulelweyo Neentsana Zabo

IUN Chronicle ithi: “Oomama abasempilweni bazala iintsana ezinempilo.” Iphinda ithi ukuba ibhinqa alihlolwa ngoxa likhulelwe, xa libeleka nasemva koko, kuchaphazeleka nosana lwalo.

Kwamanye amazwe kusenokuba nzima ukuba ibhinqa elikhulelweyo linyanyekelwe ngendlela eyiyo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba lihlala mgama kwiziko lonyango, okanye mhlawumbi alinamali yokuhlawula iindleko zonyango. Sekunjalo, ukuba kunokwenzeka, umama okhulelweyo ufanele azame ukumana ebonana noogqirha ukuze bamhlole. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kumabhinqa aphila ngokuvisisana neemfundiso eziseBhayibhileni ezibonisa ukuba ubomi bomntu bungcwele kuquka obo bosana olungekazalwa.—Eksodus 21:22, 23;a Duteronomi 22:8.

Ngaba oku kuhlolwa kuthetha ukubonana nogqirha veki nganye? Akunyanzelekanga ukuba kube njalo. Ngokuphathelele iingxaki ezithile abadla ngokuba nazo abantu abakhulelweyo naxa bebeleka, iWorld Health Organization (WHO) “ifumanise ukuba amabhinqa aye izihlandlo ezine kuphela kugqirha ngoxa ekhulelwe akakhange ahluke kulawo aye izihlandlo ezili-12 nangaphezulu.”

Oko Kunokwenziwa Ngoogqirha

Oogqirha, ingakumbi abo bakwicandelo elijongene nokukhulelwa nokubeleka, benza ezi zinto zingezantsi ngenjongo yokuphucula imeko kamama nosana lwakhe olungekazalwa:

◼ Bajonga impilo kamama yexesha elidluleyo baze bamhlole ukuze babone izinto ezinokuba yingozi kumama nosana lwakhe olungekazalwa baze bazithintele.

◼ Banokuhlola igazi nomchamo wakhe ukuba awunazifo ezifana neanemia, iingxaki kwiinkqubo zeRh kwakunye nezinye. Kanti banokuhlola izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, irubella, izifo ezidluliselwa ngeentlobano zesini, nezintso, zinto ezo ezinyusa uxinezelelo lwegazi.

◼ Xa bebona kufanelekile yaye evuma nomama, basenokucebisa ukuba agonyelwe umkhuhlane, ukuqina kwemihlathi kwakunye neengxaki kwinkqubo yeRh.

◼ Banokuncomela ukuba asebenzise iivithamini ingakumbi ifolic acid.

Xa oogqirha befumanisa iingxaki ezihlobene nokukhulelwa baze bazame ukunceda umama, loo nto inokwenza umama nosana lwakhe olungekazalwa babe sempilweni.

Ukunciphisa Iingozi Ngexesha Lokulunywa Nelokubeleka

UJoy Phumaphi, owayekade elisekela lomalathisi-jikelele kwiFamily and Community Health yeWHO uthi: “Elona xesha liyingozi kumfazi okhulelweyo lelo lokulunywa nelokubeleka. Zinokuthintelwa njani iingxaki ezinkulu, kwanezo zinokubeka ubomi esichengeni ngeli xesha linzima? Enyanisweni, zilula izinto ezimele zenziwe kodwa zimele zenziwe kuselithuba.b Oku kubaluleke nangakumbi kwabo bangalufuniyo utofelo-gazi ngenxa yezizathu ezisekelwe eBhayibhileni okanye abo bangafuniyo ukufakwa igazi ngenxa yeengozi zempilo.—IZenzo 15:20, 28, 29.

Oomama bafanele benze konke abanokukwenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba ugqirha okanye umbelekisi, uyayazi into ayenzayo yaye unobuchule bokwenza umsebenzi wakhe ngaphandle kokutofela igazi. Kanti, abazali abalindele umntwana baya kwenza kakuhle ukuqinisekisa ukuba isibhedlele okanye indawo aza kubelekela kuyo ikulungele ukusebenzisana nabo kulo mba.c Nantsi imibuzo emibini ekuya kuba kuhle ukuba uyibuze kugqirha: 1. Uya kwenza ntoni ukuba umama okanye usana lopha kakhulu okanye kuvela ezinye iingxaki? 2. Ukuba akukho xa olu sana luzalwa, ngawaphi amanye amalungiselelo oya kuwenza?

Umama olumkileyo uya kufuna ukuqonda kugqirha wakhe aze aqiniseke ukuba umlinganiselo wegazi lakhe uphezulu ngaphambi kokuba kufike ixesha lokubeleka.d Ngenjongo yokwandisa umlinganiselo wegazi likamama, ugqirha unokuncomela ukuba atye ifolic acid, i-iron kwakunye nezinye izinto ezinovithamini B.

Ugqirha uya kujonga nezinye iinkalo eziliqela. Ngokomzekelo, ngaba ngethuba lo mama emtyelela esakhulelwe, uye wabona ezinye izigulo eziza kufuna ukuba anyangwe? Ngaba kuza kufuneka lo mama angemi ixesha elide? Ngaba kuza kufuneka aphumle ngakumbi? Ngaba kuza kufuneka atyebe okanye anciphise umzimba okanye enze umthambo? Yaye ngaba kufuneka azame ukucoceka ngakumbi kuquka ukuqiniseka ukuba umlomo wakhe ucocekile?

Uhlolisiso lubonisa ukuba isifo seentsini kumabhinqa akhulelweyo sinxulumene nokuba sengozini yepreeclampsia, isigulo esimandla esibonakala phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngokunyuka ngokukhawulezileyo koxinezeleko lwegazi, intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, kwakunye nokudumba.e Ipreeclampsia inokuba ngunobangela wokubeleka ngaphambi kwexesha yaye yeyona nto ibangela ukufa kosana okanye umama ngexesha lokubeleka, ingakumbi kumazwe asakhasayo.

Enyanisweni, ugqirha onenyameko uya kujonga nayiphi na imiqondiso yezifo kumama okhulelweyo. Yaye ukuba ulunywa ngaphambi kwexesha, ugqirha uya kuncomela ukuba alaliswe esibhedlele ngoko nangoko, nto leyo enokusindisa ubomi bakhe.

UGqr. Quazi Monirul Islam, ongumalathisi kwiSebe Lokuqinisekisa Ukuba Oomama Abakhulelweyo Bakhuselekile kwiWHO uthi: “Amabhinqa aba sesichengeni sokufa xa ebeleka.” Kodwa ukuyinyamekela kakuhle impilo yakho ngoxa ukhulelwe, xa ubeleka nangokukhawuleza emva koko kunokunceda ekuthinteleni iingxaki kuquka ukufa. Okona kubalulekileyo, zama ukuzigcina usempilweni. Ngapha koko, ukuba ufuna ukuba nosana olunempilo, kufuneka wenze konke onokukwenza ukuze ube ngumama osempilweni.

[Imibhalo esemazantsi]

[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 27]

Amanani awakhutshwa ngo-Oktobha 2007 abonisa ukuba ngokomlinganiselo, ibhinqa elinye liyafa kwisithuba esingangomzuzu—bangama-536 000 ngonyaka—ngenxa yeengxaki ezinento yokwenza nokukhulelwa.—IUnited Nations Population Fund

[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 28]

“Nyaka ngamnye iintsana ezizizigidi ezi-3,3 zifa zingekazalwa yaye iintsana ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezi-4 zifa kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-28 zizelwe.”—IUN Chronicle

[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 29]

UKUZILUNGISELELA NGOXA UKHULELWE

1. Phanda kwangaphambili ukuze usikhethe ngobulumko isibhedlele, ugqirha okanye umbelekisi.

2. Yiya rhoqo kugqirha wakho okanye umbelekisi, ukuze nakhe ubuhlobo nokuthembana.

3. Yinyamekele impilo yakho. Ukuba kunokwenzeka yitya iivithamini eziyimfuneko, kodwa kuphephe ukusebenzisa nawaphi na amayeza (nalawo athengiswa ezivenkileni) ngaphandle kwalawo anconyelwe ngugqirha wakho. Kuya kuba bubulumko ukungabuchathi utywala. INational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism ithi: “Nangona iintsana ezinoomama abasela gqitha zisengozini enkulu, akukacaci enoba kukhuselekile kusini na kwaukubuphatha utywala xa ukhulelwe.”

4. Ukuba ulunywa ngaphambi kwexesha (ngaphambi kweveki yama-37), qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho okanye icandelo lokubelekisa lesibhedlele oza kubelekela kuso ngokukhawuleza. Ukuncedwa ngokukhawuleza kunokuthintela ukubeleka ngaphambi kwexesha kwakunye nezinye iingxaki ezinokubangelwa yiloo nto.f

5. Zibhale phantsi izigqibo ozenzileyo eziphathelele unyango. Ngokomzekelo, abaninzi baye bafumanisa ukuba kubancedile ukuzalisa ikhadi leDPA (durable power of attorney) kusengaphambili. Khangela ukuba yintoni esemthethweni neyamkelekileyo kwilizwe lakho.

6. Emva kokuba ubelekile, zinyamekele kunye nosana lwakho, ingakumbi ukuba usana lwakho luzelwe ngaphambi kwexesha. Qhagamshelana nogqirha wabantwana ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona nayiphi na ingxaki.

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]