Incwadi YeBhayibhile 53—2 Tesalonika
Umbhali: NguPawulos
Indawo Eyabhalelwa Kuyo: EKorinte
Ukugqitywa Kokubhalwa Kwayo: Malunga nowama-51 C.E.
1. Yintoni ebonisa ixesha nendawo eyabhalelwa kuyo, yaye yintoni eyashukumisela ukuba kubhalwe incwadi yesibini eya kwabaseTesalonika?
INCWADI yesibini yompostile uPawulos eya kwabaseTesalonika yalandela kanye emva kweyokuqala. Siyazi ukuba yabhalwa kungekudala emva kwencwadi yokuqala, yaye kwakwisixeko esinye saseKorinte, ibhalelwa abazalwana abanye, kwakhona uSilvano noTimoti, bakunye noPawulos ekubuliseni ibandla eliseTesalonika. Bebonke babezizicaka ezihambahambayo zebandla lokuqala lamaKristu, yaye akukho ngxelo yokuba bobathathu baphinda bakunye emva kokunxulumana kunye eKorinte. (2 Tes. 1:1; IZe. 18:5, 18) Umbandela oyintloko nohlobo lwengxubusho zibonisa ukuba uPawulos wabona kukho imfuneko engxamisekileyo yokulilungisa ngoko nangoko ibandla ngokuphathelele impazamo elaligaxeleke kuyo.
2. Yintoni ebubungqina bokuba eyesiBini kwabaseTesalonika iyinyaniso?
2 Ubunyaniso bale ncwadi buye bangqinwa ngendlela efanayo nobunyaniso beyokuQala kwabaseTesalonika. Kwanayo icatshulwe nguIrenaeus (wenkulungwane yesibini yeXesha Eliqhelekileyo) kwanangabanye ababhali bangaphambili, kuquka uJustin Martyr (okwangowenkulungwane yesibini), ngokucacileyo obhekisela kweyesi-2 kwabaseTesalonika 2:3 xa ebhala ‘ngomntu ongenamthetho [wesono].’ Iyavela kuludwe lokuqala lwemibhalo engcwele njengeyokuQala kwabaseTesalonika. Nangona ngoku ingekho kwiChester Beatty Papyrus No. 2 (P47), phantse ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo yayikho kumaphepha amabini okuqala kwasixhenxe alahlekileyo emva kweyokuQala kwabaseTesalonika.
3, 4. (a) Yiyiphi ingxaki eyayikho kwibandla laseTesalonika? (b) Le ncwadi yabhalwa nini kwaye ibhalelwa phi, ibe yintoni uPawulos awayefuna ukuyiphumeza ngayo?
3 Yayiyintoni injongo yale ncwadi? Ngokusuka kwisiluleko uPawulos awasinikela kwabaseTesalonika, sifumanisa ukuba bambi ebandleni babephikisa ngelithi ukufika kweNkosi kwakusondele, nokuba ezi mboni zaziyishumayela ngokukhutheleyo le ngcamango yazo, kwaye zazibangela imbambano enkulu ebandleni. Kubonakala ukuba bambi babesebenzisa oku njengesingxengxezo sokungasebenzi ukuze balungiselele iintswelo zabo. (2 Tes. 3:11) Kwincwadi yakhe yokuqala, uPawulos wayethethile ngokufika kweNkosi, yaye alithandabuzeki elokuba xa ezi mboni zayiva loo ncwadi ifundwa, azizange ziphozise maseko ukugqwetha amazwi kaPawulos zize zifakelele kuwo iintsingiselo ezingekhoyo kuwo. Kukwanokwenzeka ukuba incwadi ethile ekwathiwa ngokungachananga ivela kuPawulos yatolikwa njengebonisa ukuba “usuku lukaYehova lufikile.”—2:1, 2, NW.
4 Kubonakala ukuba uPawulos wayefumene ingxelo ngale meko, mhlawumbi ngomntu owayehambise incwadi yakhe yokuqala ebandleni, yaye ngoko wayeya kuba nomdla wokulungisa ukucinga kwabazalwana bakhe awayebathanda gqitha. Ngoko ngonyaka wama-51 C.E., uPawulos, ekunye namaqabane akhe amabini, eseKorinte wathumela incwadi ebandleni laseTesalonika. Ukongezelela ekulungiseni ingcamango ephosakeleyo engokufika kukaKristu, uPawulos unikela ukhuthazo olufudumeleyo lokuhlala bomelele enyanisweni.
OKUQULETHWE YEYESIBINI KWABASETESALONIKA
5. UPawulos namaqabane akhe bambulela ngantoni uThixo, sisiphi isiqinisekiso abasinikelayo, yaye bathandazela ntoni?
5 Isityhilelo seNkosi uYesu (1:1-12). UPawulos namaqabane akhe bayambulela uThixo ngenxa yokukhula okuhle kokholo lwabaseTesalonika nothando lwabo omnye komnye. Unyamezelo lwabo nokholo lwabo phantsi kwentshutshiso lububungqina bomgwebo kaThixo wobulungisa wokuba babalelwe ekubeni babufanelekele uBukumkani. UThixo uya kubabuyisela ngembandezelo ababandezela ibandla, aze abaphumze abo babulalekayo. Oku kuya kwenzeka “ekutyhilekeni kweNkosi uYesu, ivela emazulwini inezithunywa zamandla ayo; . . . xa ithe yeza kuzukiswa kubangcwele bayo.” (1:7, 10) UPawulos namaqabane akhe abayeki ukubathandazela abaseTesalonika, ukuba uThixo ababale njengabafanelekele ubizo Lwakhe ukuze igama leNkosi uYesu lizukiswe kubo nabo bamanyane naye.
6. Yintoni efanele ibonakale ngaphambi kokufika kwemini kaYehova, yaye njani?
6 Kumele kufike uwexuko ngaphambi kokufika kukaYesu (2:1-12). Abazalwana bafanele bangazanyazanyiswa siso nasiphi na isigidimi sokuba imini kaYehova ifikile. “Ayinakufika yona, lungakhanga lufike ulahlo kuqala, atyhileke umntu wesono, unyana wotshabalalo.” Bayayazi ngoku into ‘elubambezelayo,’ kodwa imfihlelo yokuchasana nomthetho sele isebenza. Xa kususwe le nto ibambezelayo, uya ‘kwandula ukutyhileka ongenamthetho; lowo iya kumtshisa iNkosi ngomoya womlomo wayo, imbhangise ngokubonakala kokufika kwayo.’ Ukutyhileka kongenamthetho kungokokusebenza kukaSathana ngemisebenzi yamandla nangokukhohlisa, yaye uThixo ubathumelele ulahlekiso abo bangakhange bakwamkele ukuyithanda inyaniso ukuze bakholiswe bubuxoki.—2:3, 6, 8.
7. Abazalwana banokuhlala njani bezimasekile baze bakhuseleke kongendawo?
7 Hlalani nizimasekile elukholweni (2:13–3:18). UPawulos uhlabela mgama esithi: “Ke thina simele kukuhlala sibulela kuye uThixo ngenxa yenu, bazalwana bathandiweyo yiNkosi, ukuba uThixo kwasekuqalekeni waninyulela ukusindiswa, ngokungcwalisa koMoya nokukholwa yinyaniso.” Ngokuphathelele oku iindaba ezilungileyo zazivakalisiwe kubo. Ngoko ke abazalwana bafanele bahlale beqinile baze bazibambe izithethe abazifundiswayo, zokuba uYesu Kristu noYise, owathi ngothando wabanika intuthuzelo engunaphakade nethemba, wanga ‘angabazimasa kuwo onke amazwi nemisebenzi elungileyo.’ (2:13, 17) UPawulos ubacela ukuba bathandazele “ukuba ilizwi leNkosi, [uYehova, NW] likhawuleze, lizukiswe.” (3:1) INkosi, ethembekileyo, iya kubazimasa ize ibasindise kongendawo, yaye uPawulos uthandazela ukuba iNkosi iqhubeke izikhokelela ngokunempumelelo iintliziyo zabo eluthandweni lukaThixo naselunyamezelweni lukaKristu.
8. Sisiphi isiluleko esinamandla esinikelwayo, yaye kukweyiphi inkalo aye uPawulos neqela lakhe bamisela umzekelo kuyo?
8 Kwandula ke kulandele isiluleko esiqatha: “Ke kaloku siyanithethela, bazalwana, egameni leNkosi yethu uYesu Kristu, ukuba nikhwebuke kubo bonke abazalwana abahamba ngokunxaxha, bengahambi ngokwesithethe abasamkelayo kuthi.” (3:6) Lo mpostile ubakhumbuza ngomzekelo owabonakaliswa liqela lakhe labavangeli basemazweni, libulaleka ubusuku nemini ukuze lingabi ngumthwalo nakubani na kubo, kangangokuba lakwazi ukunikela umyalelo othi: “Ukuba umntu akathandi kusebenza, makangadli nokudla.” Kodwa ngoku liva ukuba abathile abanxaxhayo abasebenzi yaye bazifaka kwizinto zabanye. Aba bafanele badle into esetyenzwe zizandla zabo.—2 Tes. 3:10; 1 Tes. 4:11.
9. Uthini uPawulos ngokwenza okulungileyo nangokumenza adane ongathobeliyo, yaye uyiqukumbela njani incwadi yakhe?
9 Abazalwana abafanele bethe amandla ekwenzeni okulungileyo. Kodwa ukuba omnye wabo akayilulameli incwadi evela kuPawulos, ibandla lifanele limenze adane ngokuthi limqonde lowo lize lingazidibanisi naye, kwangaxeshanye limluleka njengomzalwana. UPawulos uthandazela ukuba ngamana iNkosi yoxolo ingabanika “uxolo ngamaxa onke,” yaye uqukumbela incwadi yakhe ngombuliso awubhala ngesandla sakhe.—2 Tes. 3:16.
ISIZATHU SOKUBA IBE YINGENELO
10. Ziziphi ezinye zeemfundiso nemigaqo esisiseko egutyungelweyo kweyesiBini kwabaseTesalonika?
10 Le ncwadi imfutshane nephefumlelweyo eya kwabaseTesalonika ichaphazela iinyaniso ezininzi zobuKristu, ekuyingenelo ukuba siziqwalasele zizonke. Qwalasela iimfundiso ezisisiseko ezilandelayo nemigaqo egutyungelweyo: UYehova unguThixo wosindiso, yaye ungcwalisa ngomoya nangokukholwa yinyaniso (2:13); umKristu umele anyamezele ubunzima ukuze abalelwe ekubeni ubufanelekele uBukumkani bukaThixo (1:4, 5); amaKristu afanele ahlanganiselwe ndawonye eNkosini uYesu Kristu ekufikeni kwayo (2:1); uYehova uya kuzisa umgwebo wobulungisa kwabo bangazilulameliyo iindaba ezilungileyo (1:5-8); abo babiziweyo baya kuzukiswa ndawonye noKristu Yesu, ngokobabalo lukaThixo (1:12); babizwa ngokushunyayelwa kweendaba ezilungileyo (2:14); ukholo luyinto ebalulekileyo nefunekayo (1:3, 4, 10, 11; 2:13; 3:2); kuyinto efanelekileyo ukusebenza ukuze ubani azixhase kubulungiseleli; ukuba ubani akasebenzi, usenokunqena aze aqalise ukungenelela kwizinto ezingenakuthanani naye (3:8-12); uthando lukaThixo lunxulunyaniswa nokunyamezela (3:5). Onjani wona umthombo wenkcazelo elukhuthazo enokufunyanwa kule ncwadi imfutshane nephefumlelweyo!
11. Yiyiphi inkcazelo nesiqinisekiso esibalulekileyo esinikelwayo ngokuphathelele uBukumkani?
11 Kule ncwadi uPawulos wabonakalisa inkxalabo enzulu ngempilo-ntle yokomoya yabazalwana bakhe baseTesalonika nangomanyano nenkqubela yebandla. Wabalungisa ngokuphathelele ixesha lokufika kwemini kaYehova, ebonisa ukuba “umntu wesono” ufanele abonakale kuqala, eze kuhlala “etempileni kaThixo, ezenza uThixo, ezibonisa ukuba unguThixo.” Noko ke, abo ‘babalelwe ekuthini babufanele ubukumkani bukaThixo’ basenokuqiniseka ngokupheleleyo ukuba iNkosi uYesu ngexesha elifanelekileyo iya kubonakaliswa ivela ezulwini, isizisa impindezelo, ngomlilo odangazelayo “xa ithe yeza kuzukiswa [ngabangcwele] bayo, imangaliseke kubo bonke abakholwayo.”—2:3, 4; 1:5, 10.