Ubutyebi Obuvela Kwincwadi YeVangeli KaLuka
UNYANA kaYehova, uYesu Kristu, waziwa gqitha ngokuba nemfesane. Ngoko, hayi indlela ekufaneleke ngayo ukuba umbhali wale ncwadi yeVangeli uLuka agxininise kwimfesane, inceba nakuvelwano! Esenzela amaYuda nabeeNtlanga ngokufanayo, wabhala ingxelo efudumez’ intliziyo ngokwenyaniso yobomi bukaYesu basemhlabeni.
Iinkalo ezithile zale ncwadi yeVangeli zibonisa ukuba yabhalwa ngumntu owayesisifundiswa. Ngokomzekelo, inentshayelelo yodidi oluphezulu kunye nesigama esininzi. Iingongoma ezinjalo zihambelana kakuhle nesibakala sokuba uLuka wayengugqirha owayesisifundiswa. (Kolose 4:14) Nangona engazange abe likholwa de kwasemva kokufa kukaYesu, wapheleka uPawulos ukuya eYerusalem emva kotyelelo lwesithathu lobuvangeli basemazweni lwalo mpostile. Ngoko ke, emva kokubanjwa kukaPawulos apho nokuvalelwa kwakhe entolongweni eKesareya, lo mphengululi ulinono wakwazi ukuqokelela le nkcazelo ngokudlan’ indlebe namangqina okuzibonela nangokukhangela iingxelo zikawonke wonke. (Lu 1:1-4; 3:1, 2) Incwadi yakhe yeVangeli isenokuba yabhalelwa eKesareya ngexesha elithile ebudeni beminyaka emibini yokuvalelwa kompostile apho, malunga nowama-56-58 C.E.
Iimbalasane Ezithile Ezibalulekileyo
Ubuncinane mithandathu imimangaliso kaYesu ebalaselisiweyo kwincwadi yeVangeli kaLuka. Le mimangaliso yile: ukulotywa kweentlanzi okungummangaliso (5:1-6); ukuvuswa konyana womhlolokazi waseNayin (7:11-15); ukuphiliswa kwebhinqa elingumlwelwe elaligobile (13:11-13); ukuphiliswa kwendoda eyayinegalimoya (14:1-4); ukuhlanjululwa kwabalishumi ababeneqhenqa (17:12-14); nokubuyiselwa kwendlebe yesicaka sombingeleli omkhulu.—22:50, 51.
Enye into ekhethekileyo kwingxelo kaLuka yimizekeliso ethile kaYesu. Le iquka: ababoleki-mali ababini (7:41-47); umSamariya onobubele (10:30-35); umthi womkhiwane ongathwali siqhamo (13:6-9); isidlo sangokuhlwa esikhulu (14:16-24); unyana wolahleko (15:11-32); indoda esisityebi noLazaro (16:19-31); nowomhlolokazi nomgwebi ongenabulungisa.—18:1-8.
Iziganeko Ezichukumisayo
Ugqirha uLuka wabonakalisa inkxalabo ngamabhinqa, ngabantwana nangabakhulileyo. Nguye kuphela owakhankanya ubudlolo bukaElizabhete, ukukhawula kwakhe nokuzalwa kukaYohane. Yincwadi yakhe yeVangeli kuphela eyanikela ingxelo ngokubonakala kwesithunywa sezulu esinguGabriyeli kuMariya. ULuka washukunyiselwa ukuba athethe ngokudloba kosana lukaElizabhete esibelekweni njengoko uMariya wayethetha naye. Nguye kuphela owathetha ngokwaluswa kukaYesu nokusiwa kwakhe etempileni, apho wabonwa nguSimon noAna ababesele baluphele. Yaye kungenxa yengxelo kaLuka esithi sazi ngobuntwana bukaYesu nobukaYohane umBhaptizi.—1:1–2:52.
Xa uLuka wabhala ngomhlolokazi waseNayin owayebuhlungu ngenxa yokufelwa ngunyana wakhe ekuphela kwakhe, wathi uYesu ‘wasikwa yimfesane ngenxa yakhe’ waze wamvusa loo mfana. (7:11-15) Isiganeko esichukumisayo nesibandakanya uZakeyu, intloko yababuthi berhafu, kunikelwe ingxelo ngaso kuphela kwincwadi yeVangeli kaLuka. Ekubeni wayemfutshane ngesithomo, wakhwela emthini ukuze abone uYesu. Enjani yona indlela ukumangalisa xa uYesu wathi wayeya kuhlala endlwini kaZakeyu! ULuka ubonisa ukuba olu tyelelo lwaba yintsikelelo enkulu kulo kwakuhleliwe endlwini yakhe owayonwabile.—19:1-10.
Ngokubhalwa Lusiba Lukagqirha
Le ncwadi yeVangeli inamabinzana okanye amagama amaninzi anentsingiselo yezonyango okanye abalulekileyo. La magama awazange asetyenziswe kwaphela okanye ngokwengqiqo yezamayeza ngabanye ababhali beZibhalo zamaKristu zesiGrike. Kodwa besinokulindela ukuba xa ugqirha ebhala athethe ngezamayeza.
Ngokomzekelo, nguLuka kuphela owathi uninazala kaPetros ‘wayebanjwe yicesina.’ (4:38) Kwakhona wabhala wathi: “Babona ngendoda ezele liqhenqa.” (5:12) Kwabanye ababhali beencwadi zeVangeli, kwakwanele ukukhankanya nje iqhenqa. Kodwa kwakungenjalo ngogqirha uLuka, owabonisa ukuba isifo sale ndoda sasisele sihambele phambili.
Ukuqiqa Ngamasiko
ULuka wathi emva kokuzalwa kukaYesu, uMariya “wamsongela eziqhiyeni.” (2:7) Ngokwesiko, usana olusandul’ ukuzalwa lwaluhlanjwa luze luhlikihlwe ngetyuwa, mhlawumbi ukwenzela ukomisa ulusu nokulwenza lomelele. Emva koko usana lwalusongelwa ngezisongelo, phantse ngokufana nesidumbu esiqholiweyo. Izisongelo zaziwugcina umzimba uthe ngqo yaye ufudumele, yaye ukuzijikelisa ngaphantsi kwesilevu nasentloko kwakusenokuluqeqesha usana ukuba luphefumle ngeempumlo. Ingxelo yale nkulungwane ye-19 engamasiko anjalo ezithandelo yacaphula undwendwe lwaseBhetelehem njengoluthi: “Ndasithabathela ezingalweni zam esi sidalwa sincinane. Umzimba waso wawuqinile yaye ungagobi, wawuthandelwe ngokuqinileyo ngelinen emhlophe nemfusa. Izandla neengalo zaso zazivalelwe nkqi, intloko yaso yayibotshwe ngeqhiya encinane ebomvu nethambileyo, eyayinqumleza phantsi kwesilevu yaye imigobo yayo emincinane inqumleze ebunzi.”
Kwakhona le ncwadi yeVangeli kaLuka isenza siwaqonde amasiko okungcwaba awayesenziwa ngenkulungwane yokuqala. UYesu wayekufuphi kwisango laseNayin xa wabona kuthwalelwa phandle “umntu ofileyo, okuphela konyana ozalwa ngunina [owayengumhlolokazi],” kwaye “nendimbane elingeneyo yomzi inaye.” (7:11, 12) Ngokuqhelekileyo umngcwabo wawuqhutyelwa ngaphandle kwesixeko, yaye abahlobo bomfi babehamba nomzimba ukuya engcwabeni. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ithala lokulalisa isidumbu lalisenziwa ngokuphingelwa kweendiza lize libe neepali emacaleni ukuze amadoda amane akwazi ukulityatha emagxeni njengoko ukrozo lwabantu lwalusiya emangcwabeni.
Komnye umzekeliso okwingxelo kaLuka, uYesu wathetha ngomntu owayebethwe ngabaphangi, umSamariya owayenobubele “wawabopha amanxeba akhe, egalela ioli newayini.” (10:34) Elo yayilisiko lokunyamekela abenzakeleyo. Ioli yomnquma yayiwathambisa ize iwadambise amanxeba. (Isaya 1:6) Kodwa kuthekani ngewayini? IThe Journal of the American Medical Association yathi: “Iwayini yayiliyeza eliphambili eGrisi. . . . UHippocrates waseCos (460-370 BC) . . . wayisebenzisa kakhulu iwayini, eyalela ukuba isetyenziswe ekuhlambeni amanxeba, iyeza lokudambisa imikhuhlane, iyeza lokukhulula isisu esiqhinileyo, neyeza lokunceda kwisifo sokuvaleka komchamo.” Umzekeliso kaYesu watsolisa ngqo kwiimpawu zewayini zokucoca nezokubulala iintsholongwane, kuquka nokusebenza kweoli yomnquma ekuphiliseni amanxeba. Kambe ke, ingongoma yalo mzekeliso ikukuba ummelwane wokwenyaniso uba nenceba. Le yindlela esimele siqhubane ngayo nabanye.—10:36, 37.
Izifundo Ezingokuthobeka
NguLuka kuphela owabalisa umzekeliso uYesu awawunikelayo xa wayebona iindwendwe zikhetha izihlalo eziphambili esidlweni. Ebudeni bezidlo, iindwendwe zazihlaliswa kwizilili ezazibekwa kumacala amathathu etafile. Abahambisi bokutya babesima kwicala lesine. Ngokwesiko, isilili sasiba nabantu abathathu, ngamnye wabo ejonge etafileni ngoxa engqiyame ngengqiniba yasekhohlo ethabatha ukutya ngesandla sasekunene. Ezi ndawo zintathu zazibonisa ukuba umntu unesihlalo esiphakamileyo, esiphakathi okanye esiphantsi kwisilili. Lowo unesihlalo esisezantsi kwisilili sesithathu wayeba kwesona sihlalo sisezantsi esidlweni. UYesu wathi: ‘Xa umenyelwe esidlweni, khetha esona sihlalo siphantsi, yaye omtyeleleyo uya kukuxelela athi, “Nyukela ngasentla.” Uya kwandula ke ukuba nozuko phambi kwabo umenywe nabo.’ (14:7-10) Ewe, masizithobe size abanye sibabalele njengabongamileyo kunathi. Enyanisweni, xa wayesebenzisa lo mzekeliso, uYesu wathi: “Wonke umntu oziphakamisayo uya kuthotywa; nozithobayo uya kuphakanyiswa.”—14:11.
kwakhona enye into egxininisa ukuthobeka, nekhethekileyo kwincwadi yeVangeli kaLuka, yayingumzekeliso kaYesu ongombuthi werhafu nomFarisi ababethandaza etempileni. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, umFarisi wathi, “Ndizila ukudla kabini ngeveki.” (18:9-14) UMthetho wawufuna kuzilwe ukudla kanye ngonyaka (Levitikus 16:29) Kodwa abaFarisi babewubaxa lo mthetho wokuzila ukutya. Lo kuthethwa ngaye kulo mzekeliso wayezila ukutya ngosuku lwesibini evekini kuba kwakucingwa ukuba olo suku lwalulixesha laxa uMoses wenyuka iNtaba yeSinayi, apho wafumana khona amacwecwe amatye amabini oMthetho. Kuthiwa wehla entabeni ngosuku lwesihlanu evekini. (Eksodus 31:18; 32:15-20) Lo mFarisi wayekugqala ukuzila kwakhe ukudla kabini ngeveki njengembonakaliso yokuhlonela uThixo. Kodwa lo mzekeliso ufanele usishukumisele ukuba sithobeke, singabi ngamalungisa ngokugqithiseleyo.
Obu butyebi buvela kwincwadi yeVangeli kaLuka bungqina ukuba ibalasele yaye iyafundisa. Iziganeko ekubaliswe ngazo kule ngxelo zisinceda ukuze sikhumbule iziganeko ezichukumisayo ezenzeka ngexesha lobomi bukaYesu basemhlabeni. Kwakhona siyangenelwa kwinkcazelo yembali yamasiko abathile. Kodwa siya kusikelelwa ngokukhethekileyo ukuba siyazisebenzisa ezo zifundo ezingokuba nenceba nokuthobeka ekukwafundiswe ngazo kakuhle kule ncwadi yeVangeli kaLuka, ugqirha othandekayo.