Indlela Owujonga Ngayo Umphefumlo Iyabuchaphazela Ubomi Bakho
“Umntu ke waba ngumphefumlo ophilileyo.”—GENESIS 2:7.
1, 2. Inkoliso yeenkonzo ikholelwa entwenini ngomntu nangomphefumlo?
PHANTSE zonke iinkonzo zifundisa ukuba umntu unomphefumlo ongafiyo. INew Catholic Encyclopedia ithi umphefumlo “udalwe nguThixo ibe uphefumlelwe emzimbeni ngexesha lokukhawula.” Ikwathi loo mfundiso yokungafi komphefumlo “ililitye lembombo” leecawa zeNgqobhoko. Ngokufanayo, iThe New Encyclopædia Britannica, ithi: “Imfundiso yamaSilamsi ithi umphefumlo ubakho ngaxeshanye nomzimba; emva koko, uba nobawo ubomi, ukudibana kwawo nomzimba kuyimeko nje yokwexeshana.”
2 Iinkonzo ezinjalo zikholelwa ukuba umphefumlo uyawushiya umzimba ngexesha lokufa uze uphile ngonaphakade, isiphelo sawo kukunandipha ubomi ezulwini, ukuhlala okwexeshana kwindawo yentlambululo-miphefumlo, okanye ukuthuthunjiswa ngonaphakade kwisihogo somlilo. Ukufa kujongwa njengokukhokelela kubomi obungunaphakade kummandla wokomoya. Kunjengokuba omnye umbhali wathi kwincwadi ethi We Believe in Immortality: “UKufa ndikujonga njengento enkulu nezukileyo. UKufa ndikujonga njengokunyuselwa kobuthixo.”
3. Iyintoni inkolelo yeenkonzo ezininzi zaseMpuma?
3 AmaHindu, amaBhuda nabanye bakholelwa ekuguquguqukeni komphefumlo emva kokufa. Oku kuquka inkolelo yokuba ekufeni umphefumlo, uzalwa ngokutsha njengomnye umntu okanye enye into ephilayo. Ukuba umntu ebelungile, kuthiwa umphefumlo uya kuzalwa ngokutsha njengomntu okwisikhundla esiphakamileyo. Kodwa ukuba ebengalunganga, uya kuzalwa njengomntu okwisikhundla esiphantsi okanye kwananjengesilwanyana okanye isinambuzane.
4, 5. Kutheni kubalulekile nje ukwazi inyaniso engomphefumlo?
4 Noko ke, kuthekani ukuba abantu abanamphefumlo ongafiyo? Kuthekani ukuba ukufa “asikokunyuselwa kobuthixo,” asingomnyango okhokelela kubomi obungunaphakade ngokomoya okanye ekuzalweni ngokutsha kubo bonke abafayo? Ngoko inkolelo yomphefumlo ongafiyo ibiya kukhokelela ubani kwicala eliphosakeleyo. Incwadi ethi Official Catholic Teachings ithi icawa igxininisa kwinkolelo yokungafi komphefumlo kuba ukungakholelwa kuyo “bekuya kukhokelela ekubeni ingeviwa okanye ingabi nantsingiselo imithandazo yayo, amasiko ayo omngcwabo nezenzo ezingokonqulo ezenzelwa abafileyo.” Ngoko ikhondo likabani lobomi, unqulo, nekamva elingunaphakade zibandakanyekile.—IMizekeliso 14:12; Mateyu 15:9.
5 Kubalulekile ukwazi inyaniso ngale nkolelo. UYesu wathi: “Abo ke bamnqulayo [uThixo] bamelwe kukumnqula ngomoya nangenyaniso.” (Yohane 4:24) Inyaniso engomphefumlo womntu ifunyanwa eLizwini likaThixo, iBhayibhile. IZibhalo eziphefumlelweyo ziqulethe isityhilelo sikaThixo seenjongo zakhe, ngoko sinokuqiniseka ukuba isixelela inyaniso. (1 Tesalonika 2:13; 2 Timoti 3:16, 17) UYesu wathi xa wayethandaza kuThixo: “Ilizwi lakho liyinyaniso.”—Yohane 17:17.
Ngaba Sadalwa Sinomphefumlo Ongafiyo?
6. Isixelela ntoni ngokucacileyo ingxelo yeGenesis malunga nokudalwa komntu?
6 IGenesis 2:7 isixelela oku: “UYehova uThixo wambumba umntu ngothuli lwasemhlabeni, waphefumlela emathatheni akhe impefumlo yobomi; umntu ke waba ngumphefumlo ophilileyo.” Le ngxelo ayithi uThixo wadala emntwini umphefumlo ongafiyo. Ithi xa amandla kaThixo omeleza umzimba ka-Adam, “waba ngumphefumlo ophilileyo.” Ngoku umntu ungumphefumlo. Akanawo umphefumlo.
7. Kwakutheni ukuze abantu babekwe emhlabeni?
7 UThixo wamdala uAdam ukuba aphile emhlabeni, kungekhona ezulwini. Umhlaba wawungazukuba yindawo yokuvavanya enokuba uAdam wayekulungela kusini na ukuphila ezulwini. UThixo wawubumba umhlaba ‘ukuba umiwe,’ ibe uAdam wayengummi wawo ongumntu wokuqala. (Isaya 45:18; 1 Korinte 15:45) Kamva, xa uThixo wadala uEva ukuba abe ngumfazi ka-Adam, injongo kaThixo ngabo yayikukuba babefanele bazalise umhlaba baze bawuguqulele ekubeni yiparadisi njengekhaya elingunaphakade loluntu.—Genesis 1:26-31; INdumiso 37:29.
8. (a) Ukuphila kuka-Adam kwakuxhomekeke entwenini? (b) Ukuba uAdam wayengonanga ngewayeqhubeke ephila phi?
8 Akukho ndawo eBhayibhileni ethi inxalenye ka-Adam yayingafi. Ngokuchasene noko, ubukho bakhe babuxhomekekile, busekelwe ekuthobeleni kwakhe imithetho kaThixo. Ukuba wayewaphulile loo mthetho kwakuza kwenzeka ntoni? Wayeza kuphila ubomi obungunaphakade ekwimo yokomoya? Akunjalo konke konke. Endaweni yoko, ‘wayeza kufa.’ (Genesis 2:17) Wayeza kubuyela apho wayevela khona: “Ngokuba uluthuli, uya kubuyela kwaseluthulini.” (Genesis 2:7; 3:19) UAdam wayengaphili ngaphambi kokuba adalwe, ibe wayengayi kubakho emva kokuba efile. Ngoko kwakufanele akhethe kwezi zinto zimbini: (1) ukuthobela nobomi okanye (2) ukungathobeli nokufa. Ukuba uAdam wayengonanga, ngewayephile kulo mhlaba ngonaphakade. Ngewayengazange aye kuphila ezulwini.
9. Ngokuchanileyo iBhayibhile ikubiza njani ukufa, ibe ngoba?
9 UAdam akazange athobele, ibe wafa. (Genesis 5:5) Ukufa kwakusisohlwayo sakhe. Kwakungakhokeleli “kwinto ezukileyo” kodwa kwakukhokelela ekubeni angabikho. Ngaloo ndlela, ukufa akungomhlobo kodwa kukoko iBhayibhile ikubiza ngokuba ‘lutshaba.’ (1 Korinte 15:26) Ukuba uAdam wayenomphefumlo ongafiyo owawuza kuya ezulwini ukuba wayethobele, ngoko ukufa kwakuza kuba yintsikelelo. Kodwa kwakungeyiyo. Kwakusisiqalekiso. Ibe ngenxa yesono sika-Adam, isiqalekiso sokufa sasasazeka kubo bonke abantu kuba bonke beyinzala yakhe.—Roma 5:12.
10. Yiyiphi ingxaki enzulu ephakamayo ekukholelweni ukuba uAdam wayenomphefumlo ongafiyo?
10 Ngaphezu koko, ukuba uAdam wayedalwe enomphefumlo ongafiyo owawuza kuthuthunjiswa ngonaphakade kwisihogo somlilo ukuba wayonile, kwakutheni ukuze angalunyukiswa ngoku? Kwakutheni ukuze axelelwe kuphela ukuba wayeya kufa aze abuyele eluthulini? Hayi indlela ebekuya kuba kukumdlel’ indlala ngayo uAdam ukumohlwaya ngokumthuthumbisa ngonaphakade esihogweni ngenxa yokungathobeli, kanti wayengalunyukiswanga ngako oko! Noko ke, uThixo ‘akanabugqwetha.’ (Duteronomi 32:4) Kwakungekho mfuneko yokulumkisa uAdam ngesihogo somlilo semiphefumlo engafiyo yabangendawo. Isihogo esinjalo sasingekho, njengokuba ungekho nomphefumlo ongafiyo. (Yeremiya 19:5; 32:35) Akukho kuthuthunjiswa kukanaphakade eluthulini lomhlaba.
Indlela IBhayibhile Elisebenzisa Ngayo Igama Elithi “Umphefumlo”
11. (a) EBhayibhileni igama lesiXhosa elithi “umphefumlo” livela kweliphi igama lesiHebhere nelesiGrike? (b) IKing James Version iwachaza njani amagama athetha “umphefumlo” kwisiHebhere nakwisiGrike?
11 KwiZibhalo zesiHebhere, igama lesiXhosa elithi “umphefumlo” livela kwigama lesiHebhere elithi neʹphesh, elivela ngaphezu kwezihlandlo ezingama-750. Igama elimele lona kwisiGrike lithi psy·kheʹ, elivela ngaphezu kwezihlandlo ezili-100. INew World Translation of the Holy Scriptures ngokufanayo iwabiza la magama ngokuba “ngumphefumlo.” Ezinye iiBhayibhile zisenokusebenzisa amagama awahlukahlukeneyo. Ezinye iindlela eliguqulelwe ngazo igama elithi neʹphesh kwiKing James Version yile: ukucacela ukutya, irhamncwa, umzimba, umoya esiwuphefumlayo, isidalwa, (umzimba) ofileyo, umnqweno, intliziyo, ubomi, indoda, ingqondo, umntu, isiqu, umphefumlo, into. Ibe iguqulela igama elithi psy·kheʹ ngokuthi: intliziyo, ubomi, ingqondo, umphefumlo.
12. IBhayibhile iwasebenzisa njani amagama esiHebhere nawesiGrike “kumphefumlo”?
12 IBhayibhile izibiza izidalwa zaselwandle ngokuthi ziineʹphesh: “Nayo yonke imiphefumlo ephilileyo enambuzelayo, awanyakazela ngayo amanzi ngohlobo lwayo.” (Genesis 1:21) Eli gama linokubhekisela kwizilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni: “Umhlaba mawuphume imiphefumlo ephilileyo ngohlobo lwayo: izinto ezizitho zine, nezinambuzane, nezinto eziphilileyo zomhlaba ngohlobo lwazo.” (Genesis 1:24) Izihlandlo ezininzi igama elithi neʹphesh lithetha abantu. “Iyonke imiphefumlo eyaphumayo esinqeni sikaYakobi yayiyimiphefumlo emashumi asixhenxe.” (Eksodus 1:5) Umzekelo wokusetyenziswa kwegama elithi psy·kheʹ ngulo ukweyoku-1 kaPetros 3:20. Ithetha ngomkhombe kaNowa, “ekwasindiselwa kuwo imiphefumlo embalwa, oko kukuthi esibhozo, ngamanzi.”
13. IBhayibhile ilisebenzisa ngaziphi iindlela igama elithi “umphefumlo”?
13 IBhayibhile isebenzisa igama elithi “umphefumlo” ngezinye iindlela ezininzi. IGenesis 9:5 ithi: “Ligazi lenu lodwa, imiphefumlo yenu ke, endiya kulibiza.” Apha kuthiwa umphefumlo unegazi. IEksodus 12:16 ithi: “Akuyi kwenzisa msebenzi ngawo, ingengulowo wokudla komntu [komphefumlo, NW]; nguwo wodwa eningazenzelayo.” Apha kuthiwa umphefumlo uyatya. IDuteronomi 24:7 ithetha ngendoda ‘efunyenwe isiba umntu [umphefumlo, NW] ebazalwaneni bayo.’ Ngokuqinisekileyo yayingengomphefumlo ungafiyo owawubiwe. INdumiso 116:7 ithi: “Buyela ekuphumleni kwakho mphefumlo wam.” Ngoko umphefumlo unako nokuphumla. IBhayibhile ikwabonisa ukuba umphefumlo uyafa. Ewe, uyafa. “Loo mntu [mphefumlo, NW] wonqanyulwa, angabikho ebantwini bakowabo.” (Levitikus 7:20) “Aze angasondeli kofileyo [kumphefumlo ofileyo, NW].” (INumeri 6:6) “Umphefumlo wethu wofa.” (Yoshuwa 2:14) “Yothi ke yonke imiphefumlo engathanga imve loo mprofeti, ibhujiswe kuphele.” (IZenzo 3:23) “Yonke imiphefumlo edla ubomi yafa.”—ISityhilelo 16:3.
14. Ngokucacileyo iBhayibhile ibonisa ukuba uyintoni umphefumlo?
14 Ngokucacileyo, indlela iBhayibhile elisebenzisa ngayo igama elithi neʹphesh nelithi psy·kheʹ ibonisa ukuba umphefumlo ngumntu okanye, kwimeko yezilwanyana, sisidalwa. Awuyonxalenye ethile engafiyo yomntu. Eneneni, igama elithi neʹphesh likwasetyenziswa nakuThixo ngokwakhe: “Ke yena ongendawo nothanda ukugonyamela, umthiyile umphefumlo wakhe.”—INdumiso 11:5.
Abaphengululi Abaninzi Bayavuma
15. Abaphengululi abambalwa bayichaza njani imfundiso yokungafi komphefumlo?
15 Abaphengululi abaninzi bayavuma ukuba iBhayibhile ayithethi ngomphefumlo ongafiyo. IThe Concise Jewish Encyclopedia ithi: “IBhayibhile ayithethi nto ngemfundiso yokungafi komphefumlo, ibe kungathethwa ngako oku ngokucacileyo kuncwadi lwabefundisi bokuqala bamaYuda.” IThe Jewish Encyclopedia ithi: “Inkolelo yokuba umphefumlo uyaqhubeka ukho emva kokubola komzimba ngumcimbi oyingcamango yentanda-bulumko okanye yabefundisi kunokuba ibe lukholo olucacileyo, ibe ngokuvisisana noko akukho ndawo efundiswa kuyo ngokucacileyo kwiZibhalo Ezingcwele.” IThe Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible ithi: “Inephesh . . . ayihlali ikho ngokuthe geqe emzimbeni, koko ifa nawo . . . . Akukho mbhalo ungokweBhayibhile ugunyazisa inkcazelo yokuba ‘umphefumlo’ uyahlulwa emzimbeni ngexesha lokufa.
16. Iinkonzo ezininzi ziwuchaza njani umphefumlo?
16 Kwakhona, iExpository Dictionary of Bible Words ithi: “Ngoko, ‘umphefumlo’ kwiT[estamente] E[ndala] awubonisi inxalenye ethile engafiyo yomntu ethi iqhubeke emva kokufa. [Uneʹphesh] ngokuyimfuneko uthetha ubomi njengokuba bunanditshwa ngokukhethekileyo ngabantu ngokwabo . . . . Intsingiselo esisiseko yegama elithi [psy·kheʹ] icaciswa sisithetha nto-nye esikwiT[estamente] E[ndala] endaweni yentsingiselo yalo yesithethe sesiGrike.” Ibe iThe Eerdmans Bible Dictionary ithi eBhayibhileni, igama elithi umphefumlo “alithethi inxalenye yomntu kodwa endaweni yoko umntu ngokwakhe. . . . Ngale ngqiqo abantu abanawo umphefumlo—bayimiphefumlo.”—Akekeliswe sithi.
17. Imithombo emibini yamaKatolika ivuma ntoni “ngomphefumlo”?
17 KwaneNew Catholic Encyclopedia ivuma isithi: “Amagama eBhayibhile angomphefumlo ngokuqhelekileyo athetha umntu opheleleyo.” Yongezelela ngelithi: “KwiTestamente Endala umzimba awahlulwa kumphefumlo. . . . Igama elithi [neʹphesh], nangona liguqulelwa ngegama lethu elithi umphefumlo, alize lithethe umphefumlo njengowahlukileyo emzimbeni okanye emntwini. . . . Eli gama [psy·kheʹ] ligama leT[estamente] E[ntsha] elifana nelithi [neʹphesh] . . . . Ingcamango yokuba umphefumlo uyaphila emva kokufa ayibonakali konke konke eBhayibhileni.” Ibe uGeorges Auzou, uNjingalwazi ongumKatolika waseFransi weZibhalo Ezingcwele, kwincwadi yakhe ethi La Parole de Dieu (ILizwi likaThixo) uthi: “Ingcamango ‘yomphefumlo,’ othetha into eyeyokomoya ngokupheleleyo nengaphathekiyo, eyahlukayo emzimbeni, . . . ayikho eBhayibhileni.”
18. (a) Igqabaza ithini intyilalwazi ngokusetyenziswa kwegama elithi “umphefumlo” eBhayibhileni? (b) Abefundisi bezakwalizwi bayifumana phi le ngcamango yento ethile esindayo emva kokufa komzimba?
18 Ngenxa yoku, iThe Encyclopedia Americana ithi: “Ingcamango yomntu kwiTestamente Endala yileyo yokumanyana, kungekhona ukumanyana komzimba nomphefumlo. Nangona igama lesiHebhere elithi [neʹphesh] kwiZibhalo zesiHebhere lidla ngokuguqulelwa ngokuthi ‘umphefumlo,’ bekuya kuba kokungachananga ukulifunda ngokwentsingiselo yesiGrike . . . . [Ineʹphesh] ayizange icingelwe ithetha into esebenza ngokwahlukileyo emzimbeni. KwiTestamente Entsha igama lesiGrike elithi psy·kheʹ lidla ngokuguqulelwa ngokuthi ‘ngumphefumlo’ kodwa kwakhona alimele liqondwe njengelinentsingiselo elalinayo ngokusuka kubathandi bobulumko bamaGrike. . . . IBhayibhile ayinikeli nkcazelo icacileyo ngendlela umntu aphila ngayo emva kokufa.” Yongezelela ngelithi: “Kuye kwafuneka ukuba abafundi bezakwaLizwi babhenele kwiingxubusho zeentanda-bulumko ukuze bazuze intsingiselo eyanelisayo ngenkcazelo yokusinda kukabani emva kokufa.”
Asiyiyo IBhayibhile Kodwa Yintanda-bulumko
19. Intanda-bulumko yamaGrike inxulumene njani nenkolelo yokungafi komphefumlo?
19 Kuyinyaniso ukuba abafundi bezakwaLizwi baye bamkela iingcamango zentanda-bulumko zobuhedeni ukuze ziqulunqe imfundiso yokungafi komphefumlo. IDictionnaire Encyclopédique de la Bible (Isichazi-mazwi Esiyintyilalwazi SeBhayibhile) yesiFrentshi ithi: “Ingcamango yokungafi komphefumlo ivela kwingcamango yamaGrike. IThe Jewish Encyclopedia iqinisekisa ngokuthi: “Inkolelo yokungafi komphefumlo yafika kumaYuda ngokunxibelelana kwawo nengcamango yamaGrike ibe ngokuyintloko ngentanda-bulumko kaPlato, ongunobangela wayo oyintloko,” owayephila kwinkulungwane yesine Ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaKristu. UPlato wayekholelwa ukuba: “Umphefumlo awufi yaye awunakutshatyalaliswa, ibe imiphefumlo yethu iya kubakho ngokwenene kwelinye ihlabathi!”—The Dialogues of Plato.
20. Imfundiso yobuhedeni yangena nini ibe njani kwiNgqobhoko?
20 Le ntanda-bulumko yobuhedeni yangena nini kubuKristu. IThe New Encyclopædia Britannica ithi: “Ukusukela embindini wenkulungwane yesibini AD amaKristu awayeqeqeshwe kwintanda-bulumko yamaGrike aqalisa ukuyiva imfuneko yokuvakalisa ukholo lwawo ngendlela oluyiyo, esenzela ukwanelisa iinkcuba-buchopho zawo nokuze baguqule abahedeni abafundileyo. Intanda-bulumko eyayibafanela yayiyimfundiso kaPlato.” Ngoko, njengokuba iBritannica isitsho, “iintanda-bulumko zokuqala zamaKristu zayamkela le mfundiso yamaGrike yokungafi komphefumlo.” KwanoPopu John Paul II wakuvuma ukuba imfundiso engokungafi komphefumlo iyasebenzisana “nemfundiso yeemvaba ezithile zentanda-bulumko yamaGrike.” Kodwa ukwamkela iimfundiso zentanda-bulumko yamaGrike kuthetha ukuba iNgqobhoko iye yayityeshela inyaniso ecacileyo echazwe kwiGenesis 2:7: “Umntu ke waba ngumphefumlo ophilileyo.”
21. Inkolelo yokungafi komphefumlo isusela emva kanganani?
21 Noko ke, imfundiso yokungafi komphefumlo yaqala ngaphambili kakhulu kunoPlato. Kwincwadi ethi The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria, ebhalwe nguMorris Jastrow, sifunda oku: “Ingxaki yokukholelwa kumphefumlo ongafiyo . . . kwatsalelwa ingqalelo kuyo ngokunzulu ngabafundi bezakwaLizwi baseBhabhiloni. . . . Ukufa kwakuyindlela nje ethile yokungena kolunye uhlobo oluthile lobomi.” Kwakhona, incwadi ethi Egyptian Religion, ebhalwe nguSiegfried Morenz ithi: “AmaYiputa amandulo abujonga ubomi emva kokufa njengokuqhubeka kobunye ubomi emhlabeni.” IThe Jewish Encyclopedia iphawula unxibelelwano nezi cawa zamandulo noPlato xa isithi uPlato wakhokelelwa kwingcamango yokungafi komphefumlo “ngenxa yemimangaliso kaOrpheus neyase-Eleusis apho iimbono zamaBhabhiloni nezamaYiputa zalahlekiswa ngokumangalisayo.”
22. Kutheni kusenokuthiwa imbewu yemfundiso yokungafi komphefumlo yahlwayelwa ngokwenene ekuqaleni kokubakho komntu?
22 Ngaloo ndlela, ingcamango yokungafi komphefumlo yeyakudala. Enyanisweni, ingcambu yayo isuka lee kwimbali yomntu! Emva kokuba uAdam waxelelwa ukuba wayeya kufa ukuba wayengamthobelanga uThixo, imbono eyahlukileyo yachazwa kumfazi ka-Adam, uEva. Waxelelwa oku: “Akusayi kufa.” Apha imbewu yemfundiso yokungafi komphefumlo yatyalwa. Ibe ukususela ngoko, impucuko emva kwenye iye yamkela le mbono yobuhedeni yokuba ‘enyanisweni akusayi kufa kodwa uya kuqhubeka uphila.’ Oku kuquka iNgqobhoko, efaka abalandeli bayo kuwexuko lokuchasana neenjongo ndawonye nemithetho kaThixo.—Genesis 3:1-5; Mateyu 7:15-23; 13:36-43; IZenzo 20:29, 30; 2 Tesalonika 2:3, 7.
23. Ngubani owavelisa imfundiso yokungafi komphefumlo, ibe ngoba?
23 Ngubani lo wakhokelela uluntu ukuba lukholelwe kobo buxoki? UYesu wamchaza xa wathi kwiinkokeli zonqulo zomhla wakhe: “Nina ningaboyihlo uMtyholi, neenkanuko zoyihlo niyathanda ukuzenza. . . . Xa sukuba ethetha ubuxoki, uthetha okukokwakhe, ngokuba ulixoki, noyise wawo.” (Yohane 8:44) Ewe, nguSathana owahlakulela ingcamango yokungafi komphefumlo ukuze awexule abantu kunqulo oluyinyaniso. Ngoko ikhondo likabani lobomi nethemba lekamva libekwe endleleni ephosakeleyo ngokukholelwa kwimfundiso ezivela kubuxoki bokuqala obubhalwe eBhayibhileni, nangona ngelo xesha uEva ngokungathandabuzekiyo wayeqonda ukuba le nyoka yayithetha nje ukuba wayengayi kufa ngokwasenyameni.
24. Yiyiphi imibuzo ngokufanelekileyo esenokubuzwa ngokuphathelele ubomi obungunaphakade nokungafi komphefumlo?
24 IBhayibhile ayifundisi ukuba abantu banomphefumlo ongafiyo. Ngoko, kutheni ithetha ngethemba lobomi obungunaphakade? Ngaphezu koko, ngaba iBhayibhile, kweyoku-1 yabaseKorinte 15:53, ayithi: “Kuba akumele oku kufayo ukwambatha ukungafi”? Ibe akazange na uYesu aye ezulwini emva kokuvuka kwakhe, ibe akazange afundise ukuba abanye babeza kuya ezulwini? Le neminye imibuzo iya kuhlolisiswa kwinqaku lethu elilandelayo.
Imibuzo Yempinda
◻ Iinkonzo ezininzi zikholelwa entwenini ngokuphathelele umphefumlo?
◻ IBhayibhile ibonisa njani ukuba umntu wayengadalwanga enomphefumlo ongafiyo?
◻ Yintoni ecacileyo ekusebenziseni kweBhayibhile amagama esiHebhere nawesiGrike athetha “umphefumlo”?
◻ Abaphengululi bathini ngembono yeBhayibhile ngomphefumlo?
◻ Imbali yemfundiso yokungafi komphefumlo yaqalisa nini?
[Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 20]
Zonke ziyimiphefumlo