Ukujijisana Ngendawo “Engcwele”
NGOJULAYI 15, 1099, uMkhosi Wokuqala Womnqamlezo, owawugunyaziswe ngupopu waseRoma, walufikelela usukelo lwawo lokuthimba iYerusalem. Indlela ababebulawa ngayo abantu yayingamasikizi! Ekuphela kwabemi abasindayo yirhuluneli kunye nomlindi wayo, emva kokuba benyobe ngesikhuntyu semali. Kwincwadi yakhe ethi The Crusades, umfundisi uAntony Bridge ubhala ngoko kwenzekayo kwabanye abemi abangamaSilamsi nabangamaYuda esithi: “Athi nje ukuba amaJoni Omnqamlezo akhululwe ukuba enze unothanda kweso sixeko, azifica ngokuchitha izantyala-ntyala zegazi ngendlela ehlasimlis’ umzimba. . . . Abulala kwanto iyindoda, umfazi nomntwana ayifumana kweso sixeko . . . Bathi bakufumanisa ukuba akusekho mntu wumbi abanokumbulala, aba boyisi benza umngcelele kwizitrato zeso sixeko . . . besinge kwiCawa Yengcwaba Elingcwele ukuze benze umbulelo kuThixo.”
Ukususela kolo loyiso lomkhosi womnqamlezo, ubukho beNgqobhoko eYerusalem bebukhatshwa lungquzulwano oluphakathi kwamaRoma Katolika, amaOthodoki aseMpuma kunye nezinye iinkonzo ezizibanga zizezamaKristu. Ngowe-1850 usukuzwano phakathi kweenkokeli zecawa ezahlukahlukeneyo zibangisana ngendawo engcwele yaseYerusalem kunye neendawo eziyingqongileyo lwaba ngunobangela oyintloko weMfazwe yaseCrimea. INgilani, iFransi kunye noRhulumente waseTurkey zalwa neRashiya kwaza kwafa abantu abasisiqingatha sesigidi.
Le mfazwe ayizange iluphelise usukuzwano oluphakathi kweNgqobhoko lokubangisana ngeYerusalem nangeendawo zayo ezingcwele. Abemi baseTurkey, ngelo xesha ababebambe iintambo kwelo lizwe, bazama ukudala uxolo ngokwahlulela iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo iindawo ezingcwele. Kwincwadi yakhe ethi This Is Jerusalem, uGqr. Menashe Har-el ucacisa esithi: “Lo mgaqo wamkeleka . . . kwiZizwe Ezimanyeneyo ngeSindululo Sokwahlulwa-hlulwa sikaNovemba 1947. Ngaloo ndlela uyinxalenye yomthetho wezizwe ngezizwe.” Ngenxa yoko, iChurch of the Holy Sepulchre iye yahlulelwa amaRoma Katolika, amaGrike obuOthodoki, ama-Armenia, amaSiriya kunye namaCopt. Ekugqibeleni, amaTiyopiya isabelo sawo asifumana kule cawa ngokuthumela amalungu awo ukuba aye kuhlala kwizindlwana ezikuphahla lwayo. Uninzi lwabantu luyigqala iChurch of the Holy Sepulchre njengeyona ndawo ingcwele yeNgqobhoko. Ineendawo ezahlukeneyo ekunqulelwa kuzo, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo kunye nezotyiweyo. Enye indawo ekuthiwa ingcwele, iKhalvari kaGordon, iyahlonelwa ngamaProtestanti amaninzi kuba esithi kulapho uYesu wabulawa waza wangcwatywa khona.
Mandulo phayaa uYesu walixelela oku ibhinqa elalikholelwa kwiindawo ezingcwele: “Liyeza ilixa ekuya kuthi ngalo ningamnquli uBawo kule ntaba okanye eYerusalem. . . . Abanquli bokwenyaniso baya kumnqula uBawo ngomoya nenyaniso.” (Yohane 4:21-24) Ngenxa yoko, amaKristu okwenyaniso akazihloneli iindawo ezingcwele. Ukutshatyalaliswa kweYerusalem engathembekanga ngumkhosi wamaRoma ngowama-70 C.E. kusisilumkiso kwiNgqobhoko. Unqulo-zithixo, iiyantlukwano kunye netyala legazi enalo iyaliphikisa ibango layo lokuba ilandela uKristu. Ngoko ke, siza kujamelana noko uThixo athe kuza kwenzeka kuzo zonke iinkonzo eziyila iBhabhiloni Enkulu.—ISityhilelo 18:2-8.