Amanxeba Emfazwe

“EMFAZWENI akukho bantu boyisayo,” watsho njalo owayesakuba lijoni elalisilwa kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II. “Into ekhoyo ngabantu aboyiswayo kuphela.” Abaninzi bebeya kuvumelana naye. Imiphumo yemfazwe iyoyikeka; aboyisileyo naboyisiweyo bafumana imiphumo ebuhlungu. Kwanasemva kokuba luphelile ungquzulwano lwezigalo, izigidi zabantu ziqhubeka zimbinambineka ngenxa yamanxeba awoyikekayo emfazwe.

Amanxeba antoni? Imfazwe inokubatshabalalisa abantu, ishiye iinkedama nabahlolokazi abaninzi. Abaninzi abasindileyo baba namanxeba amabi emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Izigidi zisenokusala ziziindwayi okanye zinyanzeleke ukuba zibe ziimbacu. Ngaba sinokuyithelekelela intiyo nentlungu eba sezintliziyweni zabo basinda kwezo mfazwe?

Amanxeba Achizayo

Amanxeba abangelwe yimfazwe ezintliziyweni zabantu ayaqhubeka ebangela ubukrakra nasemva kokuphela kwemfazwe, kungasekho kudubulana, namajoni sele egodukile. Izizukulwana ezilandelayo zinokufukama ubukrakra esinye nxamnye nesinye. Ngale ndlela amanxeba enye imfazwe asenokuba ngunozala wenye elandelayo.

Ngokomzekelo, iSivumelwano Soxolo SaseVersailles, esatyikitywa ngowe-1919 ukuze kupheliswe iMfazwe Yehlabathi I ngokusemthethweni, samisela iimeko eJamani ezo abemi balapho bazigqala njengezobungqwabalala nezokubonisa impindezelo. Ngokutsho kweThe Encyclopædia Britannica, esi sivumelwano “sabangela ingqumbo phakathi kwamaJamani saza saphembelela abantu ukuba bafune ukuziphindezela.” Kwiminyaka kamva, “ingqumbo eyabangelwa sisivumelwano soxolo yaphembelela uHitler ukuba aqale” yaye saba ngomnye woothunywashe abakhokelela kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II.

IMfazwe Yehlabathi II yaqala ePoland yaza yanwenwa yaya kufikelela kwiiBalkans. Amanxeba awabangelwa ngamaqela ohlanga elinye kwelinye kuloo mmandla ngeminyaka yee-1940 aye angunozala wemfazwe ebisiliwa kwiiBalkans ngeminyaka yee-1990. Iphephandaba laseJamani iDie Zeit lathi: “Intiyo nokuziphindezela kuye kwaqhubeka kusanda, ukuza kuthi ga kweli xesha lethu.”

Ukuze uluntu luphile ngoxolo, ngokuqinisekileyo amanxeba emfazwe amele aphiliswe. Kunokwenziwa njani oko? Kunokwenziwa ntoni ukuze kususwe intiyo nentlungu? Ngubani onokuphilisa amanxeba emfazwe?

[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 2]

COVER: Fatmir Boshnjaku

[Inkcazelo Ngemifanekiso ekwiphepha 3]

U.S. Coast Guard photo; UN PHOTO 158297/J. Isaac