Ngaba Ubusazi?
Yintoni eyenza amajoni aseRoma ayinqwenela ingubo kaYesu yangaphantsi?
Amajoni amane awayebethelela uYesu abelana ngeempahla zakhe. Kodwa uYohane 19:23, uthi “Kodwa isambatho sangaphantsi sasingenamthungo, silukiwe ukususela phezulu kubo bonke ubude baso.” Amajoni akazange ayikrazule yona kodwa enza amaqashiso ngayo. Yayenziwe kanjani loo ngubo?
Kubonakala ngathi ingubo yangaphantsi yayisiba ngumwunduzo ofana nehempe owenziwe ngelinen okanye uboya, owawuphela emadolweni okanye emaqatheni. Iingubo ezilolu hlobo zazidla ngokwenziwa ngokudibanisa amalaphu amabini, awayedityaniswa ngamacala awo amathathu. Kwakuvulwa imingxuma yokufaka intloko neengalo.
Yayikho ke nenye ingubo yangaphantsi eyayibiza imali eninzi, kodwa yona yayisenziwa “ngelaphu elinye elide, elaliphindwa kabini kuze kuvulwe indawo yokufaka intloko kuphela” yaye loo ngubo yayiba nomgobo, itsho njalo incwadi ethi Jesus and His World. Olu hlobo lwengubo lwaluthungwa emacaleni.
Iingubo ezazingenamthungo, njengaleyo yayinxitywe nguYesu zasisenziwa ePalestina kuphela. Zazithungwa kwisixhobo sokuthunga esasimile ngathi ngumgubasi wocango. Umthungi wayewenzela kwesi sixhobo esenziwe ngezibonda ke lo “mqulu welaphu” ngokutsho kwenye imbekiselo. Ingubo yangaphantsi engenamqukumbelo yayinqabe kakhulu, ngalinye kuloo majoni lalikunqwenela ukuba nayo.
Ngaba babekho abantu ababefuya iinyosi kwaSirayeli?
IZibhalo zesiHebhere zithi, uThixo wathembisa uSirayeli wamandulo ukuba wayeza kumnika ‘ilizwe eliqukuqela ubisi nobusi.’ (Eksodus 3:8) Kubonakala ngathi xa iZibhalo zithetha ngobusi, zithetha ngobusi beenyosi zasendle. IBhayibhile ayithethi ngokufuywa kweenyosi kuSirayeli wamandulo. Noko ke, kutshanje kwidolophu yakwaSirayeli iBet She’an kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba abantu bamandulo “babeshishina ngokufuya iinyosi.”
ETel Rehov abaphandi kwiZiko Elimba Izinto Zakudala kwiYunivesithi yesiHebhere yaseYerusalem baye bafumana indawo ekwakugcinwa kuyo iinyosi ukususela ngenkulungwane yeshumi ukuya kwinkulungwane yethoba ngaphambi kweXesha Eliqhelekileyo—lokuqalisa kobukumkani bakwaSirayeli. Esi sisisele sokuqala seenyosi esafunyanwa kuMbindi Mpuma. Kucingelwa ukuba eso sisele ekuqaleni sasinamabubu enyosi alikhulu.
Le ngxelo yale yunivesithi ithi: “ngasinye sezi zisele sasiziisentimitha ezingama-80 ubude . . . neesentimitha ezingama-40 ububanzi. . . . Abafuyi beenyosi abanamava nezinye izazi ezatyelela ezi zisele zithi kuzo kwakunokufunyanwa malunga nesiqingatha setoni yobusi nyaka ngamnye.”
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 22]
Indawo Ekwafunyanwa Kuyo Isisele Etel Rehov
[Inkcazelo]
Institute of Archaeology/Hebrew University © Tel Rehov Excavations