AmaYuda

Ingcaciso: Njengoko lisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo namhlanje, eli gama libhekisela kubantu abayinzala yamaHebhere nabanye abaye baguqukela kubuYuda. IBhayibhile ikwatsalela ingqalelo kwisibakala sokuba kukho amaKristu angamaYuda ngokomoya nabumba ‘uSirayeli kaThixo.’

Ngaba amaYuda angokwemvelo namhlanje angabantu abanyulwe nguThixo?

Le yinkolelo yamaYuda amaninzi. IEncyclopaedia Judaica ithi (Jerusalem, 1971, Umqu. 5, umhl. 498): “ABANTU ABANYULIWEYO, elo libinzana eliqhelekileyo labantu bakaSirayeli, elivakalisa ingcamango yokuba abantu bakaSirayeli banolwalamano olukhethekileyo noluncamisileyo nothixo wendalo iphela. Le ngcamango ibibalasele ukutyhubela imbali yobuYuda.”—Bona iDuteronomi 7:6-8; Eksodus 19:5.

Abaninzi abakwiNgqobhoko baneembono ezifanayo. Icandelo elithi “Unqulo” leJournal and Constitution yaseAtlanta (Januwari 22, 1983, iphe. 5-B) lathi: “Ngokwahlukileyo kwiimfundiso zeecawa nebezikho kangangeenkulungwane zokuba uThixo ‘wabalahla abantu bakhe abanguSirayeli’ waza endaweni yabo wafakela ‘uSirayeli omtsha,’ yena [uPaul M. Van Buren, umfundisi weYunivesithi iTemple ePhiladelphia] uthi iicawa ngoku ziqinisekisa ukuba ‘umnqophiso ophakathi koThixo nabantu abangamaYuda ungongunaphakade. Oku kubuyela emva kumangalisayo kwenziwe ngamaProtestanti namaKatolika, kumacala omabini eAtlantiki.’” IThe New York Times (Februwari 6, 1983, iphe. 42) yongezelela yathi: “‘Kukho imincili kubantu abazondelela ivangeli ngoSirayeli nenkolelo yokuba yonk’ into uSirayeli ayenzayo imele ukuba ixhaswe, kuba uThixo ungakuSirayeli,’ watsho uTimothy Smith, unjingalwazi wezonqulo kwiYunivesithi iJohns Hopkins nongumshumayeli ongumWesile.” Abathile kwiNgqobhoko balindele ukuguquka nosindiso lokugqibela lwakhe wonke uSirayeli wokwemvelo. Abanye banembono yokuba bekusoloko kukho iqhina elingenakwahlulwa phakathi kukaThixo noSirayeli, ngoko baqiqa ngelokuba kuphela ziiNtlanga ezimele zixolelaniswe ngoKristu.

Qwalasela oku: Emva kokuthinjelwa eBhabhiloni, xa uSirayeli wabuyiselwa kwilizwe lakowabo, abantu babemele babuyisele unqulo lokwenyaniso kwilizwe ababelinikwe nguThixo. Omnye wemisebenzi yokuqala eyenziwayo yayikukwakhiwa kwakhona kwetempile kaYehova eYerusalem. Noko ke, ukususela ekutshatyalalisweni kweYerusalem ngamaRoma ngowama-70 C.E., itempile ayizange ibuye yakhiwe. Kunoko, kummandla owawukade unetempile kumi indlu yonqulo yamaSilamsi. Ukuba amaYuda, athi aphantsi koMthetho kaMoses, namhlanje aseYerusalem njengabantu abanyulwe nguThixo, ngaba itempile enikelwe ekunquleni yena ngeyingakhiwanga kwakhona?

Mat. 21:42, 43: “Athi kubo uYesu [ababingeleli abakhulu namanye amadoda amakhulu amaYuda eYerusalem], Anizanga nilese na ezibhalweni ukuthi, Ilitye abalicekisayo abakhi, lelona laba yintloko yembombo; kwavela eNkosini oku, kungummangaliso emehlweni ethu? Ngenxa yoko ndithi kuni, Ubukumkani bukaThixo buya kususwa kuni, bunikwe uhlanga oluzivelisayo iziqhamo zabo.”

Mat. 23:37, 38: “Yerusalem, Yerusalem, wena ubabulalayo abaprofeti, ubagibisele ngamatye abo bathunywe kuwe, kufuthi kangakanani na ndithande ukubabuthela ndawonye abantwana bakho, ngohlobo esithi isikhukukazi siwabuthele ndawonye amathole aso ngaphantsi kwamaphiko, anavuma! Yabonani, indlu yenu ishiywa nani ize.”

Ngaba umnqophiso kaThixo noAbraham unikela isiqinisekiso sokuba amaYuda ayaqhubeka engabantu abanyuliweyo bakaThixo?

Gal. 3:27-29: “Nina nonke, nabhaptizelwayo kuKristu, namambatha uKristu. Akusekho mYuda namGrike; akusekho khoboka nakhululekileyo; akusekho ndoda nankazana; kuba nina nonke nimntu mnye, nikuKristu Yesu. Ukuba ke nina ningabakaKristu, niyimbewu ka-Abraham ngoko, neendlalifa ngokwedinga.” (Ngoko, ngokwembono kaThixo, akuseyonzala ka-Abraham engokwemvelo egqiba ngokuba ngoobani na abayimbewu ka-Abraham.)

Ngaba onke amaYuda aya kuguqulelwa ekukholweni kuKristu aze azuze usindiso olungunaphakade?

Roma 11:25, 26: “Andithandi, bazalwana, ukuba ningayazi le mfihlelo, ukuze ningabi ziingqondi ngokwenu: le yokuba ukuqaqadeka kuwahlele amaSirayeli ngenxenye, ide ingene inzaliseko yazo iintlanga; aze ngokunjalo ke [“le yindlela,” TEV; “ngaloo ndlela,” CC, By; houʹtos ngesiGrike] wonke uSirayeli asindiswe.” (Phawula ukuba ukusindiswa kwakhe “wonke uSirayeli” kwenziwa, kungekhona ngokuguquka kwamaYuda onke, kodwa ‘ngokungena’ kwabantu abaphuma kwiiNtlanga. Bambi abaguquleli baguqulela indinyana 26 ngokuthi: “Yaye ke emva koku wonke uSirayeli uya kusindiswa.” Kodwa iA Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament [Edinburgh, 1937, G. Abbott-Smith, iphe. 329] ichaza igama elithi houʹtos njengelithetha ukuthi “ngale ndlela, ngoko, ngaloo ndlela.”)

Ukuze sifikelele kulwazi oluchanileyo ngoko kubhalwe kumaRoma 11:25, 26, simele siwaqwalasele nala mazwi athethwa ngaphambili kumaRoma: “UmYuda asingulowo unguye ngokwangaphandle, nolwaluko asilulo olo lwangaphandle enyameni; umYuda ngulowo wasemfihlekweni, nolwaluko lolwentliziyo ngomoya, kungengantetho.” (2:28, 29) “Asingabo bonke abaphuma kuSirayeli abangamaSirayeli.”—9:6.

Ngaba kuyimfuneko ngamaYuda ukuba nokholo kuYesu Kristu ukuze asindiswe?

UIsaya 53:1-12 waxela kwangaphambili ngokufa kukaMesiya ‘ukuze azithwale izono zabaninzi nokuze amele abakreqi.’ UDaniyeli 9:24-27 wanxibelelanisa ukuza kukaMesiya nokufa kwakhe ‘nokuphelisa isono nokuxolelwa kobugwenxa.’ Zozibini ezi zicatshulwa zibonisa ukuba amaYuda ayekufuna ukulanyulelwa okunjalo nokuxolelwa izono. Ngaba ayenokulindela ukumchasa uMesiya aze abe ngawamkelekileyo kuLowo wayemthumile?

Ize. 4:11, 12: “[Ngokuphathelele uYesu Kristu, umpostile uPetros washukunyiswa ngumoya oyingcwele ukuba athi kubalawuli abangamaYuda nakumadoda amakhulu eYerusalem:] Nguye lo ilitye elenziwa into engento nini bakhi, elisuke laba yintloko yembombo. Kananjalo usindiso alukho kuwumbi; kuba akukho gama limbi phantsi kwezulu, linikiweyo phakathi kwabantu, esimele ukusindiswa ngalo.” (Nangona uhlanga loSirayeli wokwemvelo lungasayinandiphi inkoliseko ekhethekileyo kaThixo, indlela ivulelwe amaYuda ngamanye, njengoko ivulelwe abantu bazo zonke iintlanga, ukuze bangenelwe kusindiso olubangelwe lwaba nokwenzeka ngoYesu uMesiya.)

Ngaba iziganeko ezenzeka kwaSirayeli namhlanje zizalisekisa isiprofeto seBhayibhile?

Hez. 37:21, 22: “Uze uthi kubo, Itsho iNkosi uYehova ukuthi, Yabonani, ndiya kubathabatha oonyana bakaSirayeli phakathi kweentlanga abahamba kuzo, ndibabuthe, bavele ngeenxa zonke, ndibase emhlabeni wabo. Ndobenza babe luhlanga lunye ezweni elo, ezintabeni zakwaSirayeli, abe mnye ukumkani, engukumkani wabo bonke bephela.” (USirayeli namhlanje akalohlanga luphantsi kokumkani womnombo wasebukhosini ongokaDavide. Urhulumente wakhe ngoweriphabliki.)

Isa. 2:2-4: “Kuya kuthi ekupheleni kwemihla, intaba yendlu kaYehova ivelele ezincotsheni zazo iintaba, izongamele iinduli, zibe ngumsinga ukuya kuyo zonke iintlanga. Kuya kuhamba izizwe ezininzi, zithi, Yizani, sinyuke siye entabeni kaYehova, endlwini kaThixo kaYakobi; asiyalele iindlela zakhe, sihambe ngomendo wakhe. . . . Ziwakhande amakrele azo abe ngamakhuba, nezikhali zazo zibe zizitshetshe zeediliya; uhlanga lungaphakamiseli uhlanga ikrele, nezizwe zingaphindi zifunde ukulwa.” (EYerusalem namhlanje, apho kwakukade kukho itempile akukho ‘ndlu kaThixo kaYakobi,’ kodwa, kunoko, kukho indlu yonqulo lwamaSilamsi. Ibe akukho ntshukumo eyenziwa nguSirayeli okanye ngabamelwane bakhe ‘yokukhanda amakrele abe ngamakhuba.’ Uxhomekeke kumalungiselelo ezomkhosi ukuze asinde.)

Isa. 35:1, 2: “Inemihlali intlango nomqwebedu; iyagcoba inkqantosi, iyadubula njengomfino. Iyatyatyamba, ithi rhoqo; iyagcoba, ewe, iyagcoba, imemelele, inikwe ubuqaqawuli beLebhanon, ubungangamela beKarmele neSharon; ezo ndawo ziya kububona ubuqaqawuli bukaYehova, ubungangamela boThixo wethu.” (Iinkqubo ezinkulu zokuhlaziywa kwamahlathi nonkcenkceshelo ziye zenziwa ngempumelelo kwaSirayeli. Kodwa iinkokeli zakhe uzuko azilunikeli kwiNkosi enguThixo. Njengoko owayesakuba yinkulumbuso, uDavid Ben-Gurion, wathi: “USirayeli uzimisele . . . ukoyisa intlango aze ayenze ichume ngamandla enzululwazi nangomoya wobuvulindlela, aze aguqule eli lizwe alenze libe lelinolawulo-melo oluqinileyo.”)

Zek. 8:23: “Ngezo mini aya kuthi abambe amadoda alishumi asezilwimini zonke zeentlanga, abambe esondweni lengubo yendoda engumYuda, athi, Siya kuhamba nani, ngokuba sivile ukuba uThixo unani.” (Esi siprofeto sibhekisela kuwuphi uThixo? Ngokolwimi lwesiHebhere igama lakhe [יהוה, ngokuqhelekileyo eliguqulelwa ngokuthi Yehova] libonakala izihlandlo ezingaphezu kwe-130 kule ncwadi inye yeZibhalo Ezingcwele. Namhlanje xa ubani esebenzisa elo gama, ngaba abantu bagqiba kwelokuba lo mntu umele ukuba abe ungumYuda? Akunjalo; kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi, iinkolelo zibangele abantu abangamaYuda bephela bazibandeze ekubizeni igama likaThixo lobuqu. Ukukhula komdla ongokonqulo kuSirayeli wokwemvelo namhlanje akudibani nesi siprofeto.)

Ngoko, iziganeko kuSirayeli wanamhla zinokujongwa njani? Zingajongwa nje njengeziganeko zehlabathi ezaxelwa kwangaphambili eBhayibhileni. Ezi ziganeko ziquka imfazwe, ukuchas’ umthetho, ukuphola kothando ngoThixo nokuthanda imali.—Mat. 24:7, 12; 2 Tim. 3:1-5.

Iziprofeto zokubuyiselwa kukaSirayeli zizaliseka phakathi koobani namhlanje?

Gal. 6:15, 16: “Akunamandla anto ukwaluka nokungaluki; into enamandla sisidalwa esitsha. Bonke ke abahamba ngalo mgca, makube luxolo nenceba kubo ke, nakwabangamaSirayeli kaThixo.” (Ngoko ‘uSirayeli kaThixo’ akasaqondwa ngokwesizinzi sokuthobela imfuneko eyandlalwa kuAbraham kuwo onke amadoda endlu yakhe ukuba aluswe. Kunoko, njengoko kuchazwe kumaGalati 3:26-29, abakuKristu nabangoonyana bakaThixo abazelwe ngomoya ‘ngokwenene bayimbewu ka-Abraham.’)

Yer. 31:31-34: “Yabona, kuza imihla, utsho uYehova, endiya kwenza umnqophiso omtsha nendlu kaSirayeli nendlu kaYuda; . . . bangabi safundisa elowo ummelwane wakhe, elowo umzalwana wakhe, besithi, Mazini uYehova; ngokuba bonke bephela baya kundazi, kuthabathela kwabancinane kuse kwabakhulu, utsho uYehova.” (Loo mnqophiso mtsha wenziwa, kungekhona nohlanga lwakwaSirayeli wemvelo, kodwa wenziwa nabalandeli abanyanisekileyo bakaYesu Kristu abanikwa ithemba lobomi basezulwini. Xa wayesungula iSikhumbuzo sokufa kwakhe, uYesu wabanika indebe yewayini waza wathi: “Le ndebe ingumnqophiso omtsha osegazini lam.” [1 Kor. 11:25])

ISityhi. 7:4: “Ndaliva inani labo babetywiniwe: kwatywinwa ikhulu elinamanci mane anesine lamawaka, kuzo zonke izizwe zoonyana bakaSirayeli.” (Kodwa kwiindinyana ezilandelayo, kuthethwa ‘ngesizwe sikaLevi’ ‘nangesizwe sikaYosefu.’ Ezi azizange ziqukwe kuludwe lwezizwe ezili-12 zoSirayeli wokwemvelo. Okubangel’ umdla kukuba, ngoxa kusithiwa abantu babeya ‘kutywinwa kuzo zonke izizwe,’ isizwe sakwaDan nesakwaEfrayim azikhankanywanga. [Thelekisa iNumeri 1:4-16.] Apha kumele ukuba kuthethwa ngoSirayeli kaThixo ongowokomoya, kwabo ISityhilelo 14:1-3 sibonisa ukuba baya kuba nesabelo noKristu kuBukumkani bakhe basezulwini.)

Heb. 12:22: “Nisuke nina nafika eZiyon, entabeni nasemzini woThixo ophilileyo, kwiYerusalem yasemazulwini, nakumawakawaka ezithunywa zezulu.” (Ngaloo ndlela amaKristu okwenyaniso akhangela inzaliseko yamadinga kaThixo kungekhona kwiYerusalem yasemhlabeni kodwa “kwiYerusalem yasemazulwini.”)