Incwadi YeBhayibhile 10—2 Samuweli

Ababhali: NguGadi NoNatan

Indawo Eyabhalelwa Kuyo: KwaSirayeli

Ukugqitywa Kokubhalwa Kwayo: Malunga nowe-1040 B.C.E.

Ixesha Eligutyungelweyo: Ngowe-1077 kuse malunga nowe-1040 B.C.E.

1. EyesiBini kaSamuweli iqalisa phantsi kwaziphi iimeko, kwaye ingxelo yayo iveliswa njani?

UHLANGA lwakwaSirayeli lwaluphelelwe lithemba ngenxa yentlekele eyehla eGilibhowa nangenxa yokuhlasela kwamaFilisti awoyisileyo okwaba ngumphumo woko. Iinkokeli zamaSirayeli nomlisela wawo bafile. Kulo mbono “umthanjiswa kaYehova” oselula, uDavide unyana kaYese, uthi abalasele ngokupheleleyo kolu hlanga. (2 Sam. 19:21) Iqalisa ngaloo ndlela incwadi yesiBini kaSamuweli, esenokubizwa kakuhle ngokuba yincwadi kaYehova noDavide. Ingxelo yayo izaliswe zizo zonke iintlobo zeziganeko. Kuyo sichazelwa ngokoyiswa ngokupheleleyo kuse ekoyiseni okuzukileyo, ngeembandezelo zohlanga olunengxwabangxwaba kuse kubukumkani obumanyeneyo nobuphumelelayo, ngamandla obutsha kuse kubulumko bamaxhego. Iqulethe ingxelo echukumisayo engobomi bukaDavide njengoko wayefuna ukulandela uYehova ngentliziyo yakhe iphela.a Yingxelo efanele yenze wonke umfundi ukuba azicikide intliziyo ukuze abe nokomeleza ulwalamano nokuma kwakhe noMdali wakhe.

2. (a) Kwenzeka njani ukuba le ncwadi ibizwe ngokuba yeyesiBini kaSamuweli? (b) Babengoobani ababhali bayo, babenaziphi iimfaneleko, ibe yiyiphi ekuphela kwengxelo ababefuna ukuyilondoloza?

² Enyanisweni, igama likaSamuweli alikhankanywa kwaukukhankanywa kwingxelo yeyesiBini kaSamuweli, kodwa kuyabonakala ukuba le ncwadi iye yabizwa ngeli gama ngenxa yokuba kuqala yayingumsongo, okanye umqulu omnye, neyokuQala kaSamuweli. Umprofeti uNatan noGadi, abagqibezela ukubhala eyokuQala kaSamuweli, baqhubeka nokubhala yonke eyesiBini kaSamuweli. (1 Kron. 29:29) Babewufanelekele kakuhle lo msebenzi. UGadi wayenoDavide xa wayezingelwa kwaSirayeli, kwaye ngasekupheleni kolawulo lukaDavide lweminyaka engama-40, wayesanxulumene ngokukhutheleyo nokumkani. UGadi wayengulowo wasetyenziselwa ukuvakalisa ukungakholiswa kukaYehova nguDavide kuba wathi ngokungebobulumko wabala amaSirayeli. (1 Sam. 22:5; 2 Sam. 24:1-25) Umsebenzi kaNatan umprofeti, owayesisinxulumani esisondeleyo sikaDavide, wadlulela ngaphaya kwethuba lokudla ubomi kukaGadi. Wayenelungelo lokuwenza waziwe umnqophiso obalulekileyo uYehova awawenza noDavide, umnqophiso wobukumkani obungunaphakade. Nguye owathi ngenkalipho kwaye ephantsi kwempefumlelo wabhenca isono esikhulu sikaDavide esasibandakanya uBhatshebha nesohlwayo awasifumanayo ngenxa yaso. (2 Sam. 7:1-17; 12:1-15) Ngaloo ndlela uYehova wasebenzisa uNatan, ogama lakhe lithetha ukuthi “[UThixo] Unikile,” noGadi, ogama lakhe lithetha “Ithamsanqa,” ukuba babhale inkcazelo ephefumlelweyo neyingenelo ekweyesiBini kaSamuweli. Aba babhali-mbali bathobekileyo abazange bafune ukulondoloza imbali yabo, njengoko kungekho nkcazelo inikelweyo yomlibo wokuzalwa kwabo okanye yobomi babo bobuqu. Ekuphela kwento ababefuna ukuyilondoloza yingxelo ephefumlelwe nguThixo, ukuze kungenelwe abanquli bakaYehova bexesha elizayo.

3. Liliphi ixesha eligutyungelwa yeyesiBini kaSamuweli, kwaye kwagqitywa nini ukubhalwa kwayo?

³ EyesiBini kaSamuweli ibalisa imbali echanileyo yeBhayibhile emva kokufa kukaSawule, ukumkani wokuqala wakwaSirayeli, ize iqhubeke nalo kuse ngasekupheleni kolawulo lukaDavide lweminyaka engama-40. Ngaloo ndlela, ixesha eligutyungelwayo lisusela kowe-1077 B.C.E. kuse malunga nowe-1040 B.C.E. Isibakala sokuba le ncwadi inganikeli ngxelo ngokufa kukaDavide sibubungqina obunamandla bokuba yabhalwa malunga nowe-1040 B.C.E., okanye ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe.

4. Kungenxa yaziphi izizathu le nto eyesiBini kaSamuweli imele yamkelwe njengenxalenye yemibhalo engcwele yeBhayibhile?

⁴ Ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo nezo zinikelweyo mayela neyokuQala kaSamuweli, incwadi yesiBini kaSamuweli imele yamkelwe njengenxalenye yemibhalo engcwele yeBhayibhile. Ubunyaniso bayo abunakuthandatyuzwa. Ukuzibeka kwayo izinto njengoko zinjalo, nokungazifihli kwayo kwanezono neentsilelo zikaKumkani uDavide, kububungqina obunamandla nobuchanileyo kona nje kukodwa.

5. Sisiphi esona sizathu sikhulu sokwamkela eyesiBini kaSamuweli njengeSibhalo esiphefumlelweyo?

⁵ Noko ke, obona bungqina bunamandla bokuba eyesiBini kaSamuweli iyinyaniso bufumaneka kwiziprofeto ezizalisekileyo, ngokukodwa ezo zihlobene nomnqophiso woBukumkani owenziwa noDavide. UThixo wathembisa uDavide oku: “Iya kuqina indlu yakho nobukumkani bakho kude kuse ephakadeni phambi kwakho; itrone yakho iya kuqiniseka kude kuse ephakadeni.” (7:16) Kwanasekupheleni kobukumkani bukaYuda, uYeremiya wakhankanya ukuba eli dinga laliya kuhlala linjalo kwindlu kaDavide ngala mazwi: “Ngokuba utsho uYehova ukuthi, UDavide akayi kunqunyukelwa ndoda yakuhlala etroneni yendlu kaSirayeli.” (Yer. 33:17) Esi siprofeto siye sazaliseka, kuba kamva uYehova wavelisa kwaYuda ‘uYesu Kristu, unyana kaDavide,’ njengoko iBhayibhile ikungqinela ngokucacileyo oko.—Mat. 1:1.

OKUQULETHWE YEYESIBINI KASAMUWELI

6. Usabela njani uDavide akuva iindaba zokufa kukaSawule noYonatan?

⁶ Iziganeko zokuqala zolawulo lukaDavide (1:1– 4:12). Emva kokufa kukaSawule kwiNtaba yeGilibhowa, umsabi ongumAmaleki ovela edabini uza ekhawulezile kuDavide eTsikelage enengxelo amphathele yona. Enethemba lokuba uza kubabalwa nguDavide, uyila ibali lokuba nguye ngokwakhe ombuleleyo uSawule. Kunokuba anconywe, ekuphela kwento ayifumanayo lo mAmaleki ngumvuzo wokufa, kuba uye wazigweba yena ngokwakhe ngokungqina ukuba umbulele “umthanjiswa kaYehova.” (1:16) Ukumkani omtsha, uDavide, ngoku uqamba ingoma yesimbonono ethi, ‘Ingoma Yesaphetha,’ akulilela ngayo ukufa kukaSawule noYonatan. Le ngoma ifikelela kwincopho entle ngamazwi achukumisayo othando oluphuphumayo lukaDavide ngoYonatan athi: “Ndibandezelekile ngenxa yakho, mzalwana wam Yonatan; ubumnandi kakhulu kum; kubalulekile ukundithanda kwakho ngaphezu kokuthanda komntu oyinkazana. Hayi, ukuwa kwamagorha! Adakile amadoda okulwa!”—1:17, 18, 26, 27.

7. Ziziphi ezinye iziganeko eziphawula inxalenye yokuqala yolawulo lukaDavide?

⁷ Ngolwalathiso lukaYehova, uDavide namadoda akhe bafudusela iintsapho zabo eHebron kummandla wakwaYuda. Apha amadoda amakhulu esizwe athambisa uDavide njengokumkani wawo ngowe-1077 B.C.E. Unjengele uYowabhi uba ngoyena ubalaseleyo kubaxhasi bakaDavide. Phofu ke, njengoko enosukuzwano lokufuna ukuba ngukumkani wohlanga, uIshbhoshete, unyana kaSawule, uthanjiswa nguAbhinere, umthetheli-mkhosi. Kubakho amathuba engquzulana ngawo le mikhosi mibini ichaseneyo, kwaye uAbhinere ubulala umntakwabo Yowabhi. Ekugqibeleni, uAbhinere ubuyela emnqubeni kaDavide. Uthabathela kuDavide intombi kaSawule uMikali, lowo uDavide kudala wahlawula ikhazi ngenxa yakhe. Noko ke, ephindezelela ukubulawa komntakwabo, uYowabhi ufumana ithuba lokubulala uAbhinere. UDavide ubandezeleka kakhulu koku, engafuni kuba nayo nayiphi na imbopheleleko. Kungekudala emva koko naye uIshbhoshete uyabulawa njengoko “elele emini enkulu.”—4:5.

8. UYehova ulwandisa njani ulawulo lukaDavide phezu kwawo onke amaSirayeli?

⁸ UDavide ungukumkani eYerusalem (5:1–6:23). Nangona sele elawule njengokumkani kwaYuda kangangeminyaka esixhenxe neenyanga ezintandathu, ngoku uDavide uba ngumlawuli ekungekho bani usukuzana naye, kwaye abameli bezizwe bamthambisa njengokumkani phezu kwawo onke amaSirayeli. Esi sisihlandlo sesithathu ethanjiswa (ngowe-1070 B.C.E.). Isenzo sokuqala esenziwa nguDavide njengomlawuli welizwe liphela kukuthimba kumaYebhusi inqaba yaseZiyon eseYerusalem, ewahlasela ngokungalindelekanga ngomjelo wamanzi. Wandula ke uDavide ayenze iYerusalem isixeko sakhe esilikomkhulu. UYehova wemikhosi uyamsikelela uDavide, emenza abe mkhulu ngakumbi nangakumbi. KwanoHiram, ukumkani osisityebi waseTire, uthumelela uDavide imisedare yexabiso kwanabasebenzi bokumakhela indlu ukumkani. Intsapho kaDavide iyanda, kwaye uYehova uyalwandisa ulawulo lwakhe. Kusekho izihlandlo ezibini amele aqubisane ngazo namaFilisti ahlaselayo. Kwisihlandlo sokuqala, uYehova uyamlwela uDavide nxamnye notshaba eBhahali-peratsim, emenza oyise. Kwisihlandlo sesibini, uYehova wenza omnye ummangaliso ngokwenza “isandi sokuhamba emantloko emithi yemibhaka,” nto leyo ebonisa ukuba uYehova uhamba ngaphambi kwamaSirayeli ukuze atshabalalise imikhosi yamaFilisti. (5:24) Olunjani lona ukubalasela olunye uloyiso oluzuzwa yimikhosi kaYehova!

9. Chaza iziganeko ezinxulumene nokuziswa kweTyeya eYerusalem.

⁹ Ethabatha amadoda angama-30 000, uDavide uyemka ukuya kuthabatha ityeya yomnqophiso eBhahali yakwaYuda (eKiriyati-yeharim) ukuze ayise eYerusalem. Njengoko iziswa apho kuvunywa ingoma kwaye kugcotywe kakhulu, inqwelo ekhweliswe kuyo ihexela ecaleni, kwaye u-Uza, ohamba ecaleni kwayo, usa isandla sakhe ukuze ayibambe ime iTyeya engcwele. “Wavutha umsindo kaYehova ku-Uza; uThixo wambetha khona, ngenxa yesenzo sokungabi nantlonelo.” (6:7, NW) ITyeya ihlaliswa endlwini kaObhedi-edom, kwaye ebudeni beenyanga ezintathu ezilandelayo, uYehova uyisikelela ngokutyebileyo indlu kaObhedi-edom. Emva kweenyanga ezintathu uDavide uyafika ukuza kuthabatha iTyeya ngendlela efanelekileyo kuhambo oluseleyo. Kuvakaliswa imihlali, kuculwa kwaye kungqungqwa, iTyeya iziswa kwikomkhulu likaDavide. UDavide ubonakalisa uvuyo lwakhe olukhulu ngokungqungqa phambi koYehova, kodwa oku kuyamcaphukisa umfazi wakhe uMikali. UDavide uzingisa esithi: “Ndiya kuziyolisa phambi koYehova.” (6:21, NW) Ngokomphumo uMikali uhlala engenabantwana de afe.b

10. Nguwuphi umnqophiso nedinga likaYehova eliziswa engqalelweni yethu ngokulandelayo?

¹⁰ Umnqophiso kaThixo noDavide (7:1-29). Ngoku sifika kwesinye sezona ziganeko zibalulekileyo kubomi bukaDavide, eso sinxulumene ngokungqalileyo nomxholo oyintloko weBhayibhile, ukungcwaliswa kwegama likaYehova ngoBukumkani phantsi kweMbewu yedinga. Esi siganeko sibakho ngenxa yokunqwenela kukaDavide ukuyakhela indlu ityeya kaThixo. Ekubeni yena ehlala endlwini entle yemisedare, uchazela uNatan ngokunqwenela kwakhe ukuyakhela indlu ityeya yomnqophiso kaYehova. Esebenzisa uNatan, uYehova uqinisekisa uDavide ngokuba Uya kuwabonakalisela ububele obunothando amaSirayeli aze amisele naye umnqophiso oya kuhlala ukho ngonaphakade. Noko ke, asingoDavide kodwa yimbewu yakhe eya kulakhela indlu igama likaYehova. Ukongezelela, uYehova wenza esi sithembiso sothando: “Iya kuqina indlu yakho nobukumkani bakho kude kuse ephakadeni phambi kwakho; itrone yakho iya kuqiniseka kude kuse ephakadeni.”—7:16.

11. UDavide uvakalisa umbulelo ngawuphi umthandazo?

¹¹ Eyisekile kukulunga kukaYehova, njengoko kuvakalisiwe ngalo mnqophiso woBukumkani, uDavide uvakalisa umbulelo wakhe ngabo bonke ububele obunothando bukaThixo esithi: “Luluphi na uhlanga ehlabathini apha, olunjengabantu bakho, olunjengamaSirayeli, awaya kuzikhululela uThixo, ukuba lube ngabantu, ukuba azimisele igama ngalo, anenzele izenzo ezikhulu nina? . . . Wena, Yehova, waba nguThixo kubo.” (7:23, 24) Uthandazela ngokunyanisekileyo ukungcwaliswa kwegama likaYehova nokuba indlu kaDavide ime ngokuqinileyo phambi Kwakhe.

12. Ziziphi iimfazwe eziliwa nguDavide, kwaye bubuphi ububele abubonakalisa kwindlu kaSawule?

¹² UDavide wandisa ubukhosi bakwaSirayeli (8:1–10:19). Noko ke, uDavide akalawuli ngoxolo. Kusamele kuliwe iimfazwe. UDavide uxabela amaFilisti, amaMowabhi, amaTsobha, ama-Aram (amaSiriya) namaEdom, ewandisa umda wakwaSirayeli ufikelele kwimida emiselwe nguThixo. (2 Sam. 8:1-5, 13-15; Dut. 11:24) Wandula ke aphethulele ingqalelo yakhe endlwini kaSawule ukuze kuthi ngenxa kaYonatan, abonakalise ububele obunothando kubo nabaphi na abaseleyo kuyo. UTsibha, umkhonzi kaSawule, uzisa engqalelweni yakhe unyana kaYonatan, uMefibhoshete, osisiqhwala. Ngokukhawuleza, uDavide ufuna ukuba zonke iimpahla zikaSawule zidluliselwe kuMefibhoshete nokuba umhlaba wakhe ulinywe nguTsibha nabakhonzi bakhe ukuze balungiselele indlu kaMefibhoshete ukudla. Phofu ke, yena uMefibhoshete udla etafileni kaDavide.

13. Luluphi uloyiso olungakumbi abonisa ngalo uYehova ukuba unoDavide?

¹³ Ekufeni kokumkani wama-Amon, uDavide uthumela abathunywa kuHanun unyana wakhe benamazwi obubele obunothando. Noko ke, abacebisi bakaHanun batyhola uDavide ngokuba uthume abathunywa ukuba baze kuhlola ilizwe, kwaye ke ngoko bayabahlazisa baze babathumele emva bebatyakatyile. Ecatshukiswe koku kuhlaselwa kwabo, uDavide uthumela uYowabhi nomkhosi wakhe ukuya kuphindezelela esi senzo siphosakeleyo. Eyahlulahlule imikhosi yakhe, uwoyisa ngokulula ama-Amon namaSiriya, abenyukile ukuza kuncedisa ama-Amon. AmaSiriya ayenza amaqela kwakhona imikhosi yawo, kodwa ayoyiswa kwakhona yimikhosi kaYehova eyalelwa nguDavide aze alahlekelwe ngabakhweli beenqwelo zokulwa abangama-700 nabakhweli bamahashe abangama-40 000. Obu bobunye ubungqina obubhekele phaya bokuba uYehova uyambabala aze amsikelele uDavide.

14. Ziziphi izono ezenziwa nguDavide ngokubhekisele kuBhatshebha?

¹⁴ UDavide wona uYehova (11:1–12:31). Ngentlakohlaza elandelayo kwakhona uDavide uthuma uYowabhi kwa-Amon ukuya kungqinga iRabha, ngoxa yena esele eYerusalem. Ngenye ingokuhlwa eseluphahleni lwendlu yakhe, ubona uBhatshebha oyimbelukazi, umfazi kaUriya umHeti, ehlamba. Emzisa endlwini yakhe, uba neentlobano kunye naye, aze amithe. UDavide uzama ukukuquma oku ngokumbuyisa u-Uriya ekulweni eRabha aze amthumele endlwini yakhe ukuba aye kuzihlaziya. Noko ke, u-Uriya akavumi ukuzikholisa nokuba neentlobano nomfazi wakhe ngoxa iTyeya nomkhosi ‘zihleli eminqubeni.’ Ephelelwe lithemba uDavide uthumela emva u-Uriya kuYowabhi enale ncwadi ithi: “Mbekeni u-Uriya kweyona ndawo ishushu, angasisichenge kuyo emfazweni, nibuye umva, ukuze abinzwe afe.” (11:11, 15) U-Uriya ufa ngale ndlela. Emva kokuba ixesha lokuzila kukaBhatshebha lidlulile, ngokukhawuleza uDavide umzisa endlwini yakhe, apho athi abe ngumfazi wakhe, kwaye uzala umntwana wabo, oyinkwenkwe.

15. UNatan umchazela njani uDavide umgwebo ongokwesiprofeto?

¹⁵ Oku kubi emehlweni kaYehova. Uthumela kuDavide umprofeti uNatan enesigidimi somgwebo. UNatan uxelela uDavide ngendoda esisityebi nendoda elihlwempu. Enye yayinempahla emfutshane eninzi, kodwa enye yayinemvanazana enye, eyayithandwa kakhulu entsatsheni kwaye ‘yayinjengentombi yayo.’ Noko ke, kwathi kwakufika ixesha lokwenza umsitho indoda esisityebi ayathabatha mvu kwimihlambi yayo, kodwa yathabatha imvanazana yendoda elihlwempu. Ebhabhama ngumsindo akukuva oku, uDavide udanduluka athi: “Ehleli nje uYehova, ngumfo wokufa loo ndoda yenze le nto.” UNatan uphendula ngamazwi athi: “Loo ndoda nguwe.” (12:3, 5, 7) Wandula avakalise umgwebo ongokwesiprofeto wokuba abafazi bakaDavide baya koniwa ekuhleni yenye indoda, wokuba endlwini yakhe kuya kubakho ingxabano, nowokuba umntwana amzalelwe nguBhatshebha uya kufa.

16. (a)Athetha ntoni amagama onyana wesibini kaDavide amfumene ngoBhatshebha? (b) Uba yintoni umphumo wokugqibela wokuhlaselwa kweRabha?

¹⁶ Ebuhlungu kwaye eguquke ngokunyanisekileyo, uDavide uvuma ngokuphandle athi: “Ndonile kuYehova.” (12:13) Ngokwelizwi likaYehova, umntwana ozelwe ngokukrexeza uyafa emva kokuba egule iintsuku ezisixhenxe. (Kamva, uDavide uba nomnye unyana amzalelwa nguBhatshebha; lo bambiza ngokuba nguSolomon, gama elo elithatyathwe kwingcambu enentsingiselo yegama elithi “uxolo.” Phofu ke, uYehova uthumele ngoNatan ukuba abizwe kwanangokuthi nguYedidiya, othetha ukuthi “Othandiweyo nguYa.”) Emva kwala mava aye awuphazamisa umphefumlo wakhe, uDavide ubizwa nguYowabhi ukuba aye eRabha, apho kulungiselelwa uhlaselo lokugqibela. Emva kokuba ethimbe indawo enamanzi yesi sixeko, ngentlonelo uYowabhi uyekela ukumkani ukuba ibe nguye othimba isixeko ngokwaso.

17. Ziziphi iinkathazo zekhaya eziqalisa ukuthwaxa abendlu kaDavide?

¹⁷ Iinzima zekhaya zikaDavide (13:1–18:33). Iinkathazo zendlu kaDavide ziqalisa xa uAmnon, omnye woonyana bakaDavide, athi amthande kakhulu uTamare, udade bomntakwabo ngoyise uAbhisalom. UAmnon uyazigulisa aze acele ukuba kuthunyelwe uTamare oyimbelukazi ukuba amnyamekele. Uyamdlwengula aze andule ke ukumthiya kakhulu, kangangokuba uyamgxotha emhlazisile. UAbhisalom uceba ukukuphindezelela oku, efuna ithuba lokukwenza. Malunga neminyaka emibini kamva, ulungiselela umsitho amenyelwa kuwo uAmnon nabo bonke abanye oonyana bokumkani. Ngoxa intliziyo ka-Amnon imnandi yiwayini, uhlaselwa engalindelanga aze abulawe ngokomyalelo ka-Abhisalom.

18. UAbhisalom ubuyiswa ngaliphi icebo ekubhaceni?

¹⁸ Esoyika ukuba ukumkani akayi kukholiswa koku, uAbhisalom usabela eGeshuri, apho ahlala khona njengembacu iminyaka emithathu. Okweli thuba, uYowabhi, umthetheli-mkhosi kaDavide, uceba ukuxolelanisa uDavide noAbhisalom. Ulungiselela ukuba inkazana elumkileyo yaseTekowa izenze ezilileyo phambi kokumkani ngokuphathelele intlawulo, ukugxothwa nesohlwayo. Xa ukumkani ewisa isigwebo, le nkazana ityhila isizathu sokwenyaniso sobukho bayo, sokuba unyana kakumkani ngenkqu uAbhisalom ugxothelwe eGeshuri. UDavide uyaqonda ukuba nguYowabhi okucebileyo oku kodwa ukhupha imvume yokuba unyana wakhe abuyele eYerusalem. Kudlula eminye iminyaka emibini ngaphambi kokuba ukumkani avume ukubonana noAbhisalom ubuso ngobuso.

19. Liliphi iyelenqe elibhencekayo ngoku, kwaye uba yintoni umphumo kuDavide?

¹⁹ Phezu kwabo nje ububele obunothando bukaDavide, ngokukhawuleza uAbhisalom wenza iyelenqe lokuyihlutha itrone kuyise. UAbhisalom uyinzwana ebalaseleyo phakathi kwawo onke amadoda anobukroti akwaSirayeli, kwaye oku kongezelela kumabhongo nakwikratshi analo. Nyaka ngamnye iinwele ezichetyiweyo zentloko yakhe nezikhula ngokukhawuleza ziba nobunzima obuziikhilogram ezisisi-2,3. (2 Sam. 14:26, umbhalo osemazantsi we-NW) Esebenzisa iindlela ezahlukahlukeneyo zobuqhophololo, uAbhisalom uqalisa ngokuthimba iintliziyo zamadoda akwaSirayeli. Ekugqibeleni, eli yelenqe liyabhenceka. Efumene kuyise imvume yokuya eHebron, apho uAbhisalom uvakalisa injongo yakhe yemvukelo kwaye ubongoza onke amaSirayeli ukuba amxhase ekuvukeleni uDavide. Njengoko amaninzi kakhulu esiba ngakwicala lonyana wakhe onemvukelo, uDavide uyasaba eYerusalem enabaxhasi abambalwa abanyanisekileyo, omnye wabo onguItayi waseGati, ovakalisa oku: “Ehleli nje uYehova, ihleli nje inkosi yam ukumkani, inene, endaweni eya kuba kuyo inkosi yam ukumkani, nokuba kusekufeni, nokuba kusebomini, uya kuba lapho umkhonzi wakho.”—15:21.

20, 21.(a) Ziziphi iziganeko ezenzeka ebudeni bokusaba kukaDavide, kwaye isiprofeto sikaNatan sizaliseka njani? (b) Ufikelela njani esiphelweni sakhe uAhitofele onobuqhophololo?

²⁰ Ngoxa esaba eYerusalem, uDavide ufumanisa ukuba omnye wabona bacebisi bakhe bathenjiweyo, uAhitofele, wenze ubuqhophololo. Uthandaza esithi: “Yehova, khawulitshitshise icebo lika-Ahitofele.” (15:31) UTsadoki noAbhiyatare, ababingeleli abanyanisekileyo kuDavide, noHushayi umArki babuyiselwa eYerusalem ukuya kondela imisebenzi ka-Abhisalom baze banikele ingxelo ngayo. Okweli thuba, entlango, uDavide udibana noTsibha, umlindi wakwaMefibhoshete, onikela ingxelo yokuba ngoku inkosi yakhe ilindele ukuba ubukumkani bubuyiselwe endlwini kaSawule. Njengoko uDavide edlula, uShimehi, wendlu kaSawule, uyamqalekisa aze amxulube ngamatye, kodwa uDavide uyawathintela amadoda akhe ukuba angaphindezeli.

²¹ Emva eYerusalem, ngokucetyiswa nguAhitofele, umrhwaphilizi wegunya uAbhisalom uba neentlobano namashweshwe kayise “emehlweni amaSirayeli onke.” Oku kuzalisekisa umgwebo ongokwesiprofeto owavakaliswa nguNatan. (16:22; 12:11) Kwakhona, uAhitofele ucebisa uAbhisalom ukuba athabathe umkhosi wamadoda ali-12 000 aze azingele uDavide ezantsi entlango. Noko ke, uHushayi, oye wathenjwa kakhulu nguAbhisalom, uncomela ukuba kuthatyathwe ikhondo elahlukileyo. Ibe kanye njengokuba uDavide eye wathandaza, icebo lika-Ahitofele liyatshitshiswa. NjengoYuda, uAhitofele okatyileyo uyagoduka aze azixhome. Ngokufihlakeleyo uHushayi uchazela umbingeleli uTsadoki noAbhiyatare ngamacebo ka-Abhisalom, baze nabo basidlulisele kuDavide esi sigidimi entlango.

22. Yiyiphi intlungu ethi ilwenze buthathaka uloyiso lukaDavide?

²² Oku kumenza uDavide awele iYordan aze akhethe indawo yokulwela idabi kwihlathi eliseMahanayim. Apho uyayisasaza imikhosi yakhe kwaye uyiyalela ukuba imphathe ngobubele uAbhisalom. Abavukeli boyiswa ngokupheleleyo. Njengoko uAbhisalom esaba ekundlebende kwihlathi elishinyeneyo, intloko yakhe ibambeka kumasebe angaphantsi omthi omkhulukazi, kwaye apho ujinga nje esithubeni. Emfumana ekule ngxaki, uYowabhi uyambulala, ewutyeshele ngokupheleleyo umyalelo kakumkani. Intlungu enzulu akuyo uDavide akuva ngokufa konyana wakhe ibonakaliswa kwisikhalo sakhe esithi: “Nyana wam, Abhisalom, nyana wam, nyana wam, Abhisalom! Akwaba bekufe mna esikhundleni sakho, Abhisalom, nyana wam, nyana wam!”—18:33.

23. Ngawaphi amalungiselelo aphawula ukubuyiselwa kukaDavide njengokumkani?

²³ Iziganeko zokugqibela zolawulo lukaDavide (19:1–24:25). UDavide uyaqhubeka esentlungwini de uYowabhi ambongoze ukuba abuyele kwisikhundla sakhe esifanelekileyo njengokumkani. Ngoku umisela uAmasa njengomphathi-mkhosi endaweni kaYowabhi. Njengoko ebuya, wamkelwa ngabantu kuquka uShimehi, obomi bakhe busindiswe nguDavide. UMefibhoshete naye uyeza ukuza kucacisa ukuma kwakhe, kwaye uDavide umnika ilifa elilinganayo nelikaTsibha. Kwakhona, onke amaSirayeli namaYuda amanyene phantsi kukaDavide.

24. Ziziphi iziganeko ezingakumbi ezenzekayo ezibandakanya isizwe sikaBhenjamin?

²⁴ Noko ke, kusekho iinkathazo ezingakumbi. UShebha, umBhenjamin, uzivakalisa engukumkani kwaye utyekisa abaninzi kuDavide. UAmasa, eyalelwe nguDavide ukuba ahlanganise amadoda okuphelisa le mvukelo, udibana noYowabhi aze abulawe ngobumenemene. Wandula ke uYowabhi alawule umkhosi aze alandele uShebha ukuya kwisixeko saseAbhele yaseBhete-mahaka aze asingqinge. Bethobela icebiso lenkazana esisilumko yeso sixeko, abemi baso bayambulala uShebha, kwaye uYowabhi uyarhoxa. Ngenxa yokuba uSawule wayewabulele amaGibheyoni kwaye elo tyala legazi lingekaphindezelelwa, kubakho indlala yeminyaka emithathu kwaSirayeli. Ukuze kushenxiswe ityala legazi, kubulawa oonyana abasixhenxe bendlu kaSawule. Kamva, kwidabi eliliwa namaFilisti kwakhona, ubomi bukaDavide busindiswa cebetshu nguAbhishayi umtshana wakhe. Amadoda akhe afunga ukuba akamele aphinde aye edabini kunye nawo ‘ukuze angasicimi isibane samaSirayeli.’ (21:17) Kumadoda akhe angamakroti amathathu kuwo azixabela kanobom iingxilimbela zamaFilisti.

25. Yintoni evakaliswa ziingoma zikaDavide ezibhaliweyo ngokulandelayo?

²⁵ Kweli nqanaba, umbhali ungenelela kule ngxelo ngengoma uDavide ayibhekisa kuYehova, efana nekwiNdumiso 18 nevakalisa umbulelo ngokuhlangulwa “esandleni seentshaba zakhe zonke, nasesandleni sikaSawule.” Evuyile uvakalisa oku: “Yehova, ngxondorha yam, mboniselo yam, msizi wam mna lo. Ulokhulisa usindiso lokumkani wakhe; owenzayo inceba kumthanjiswa wakhe, kuDavide, nakwimbewu yakhe kude kuse ephakadeni.” (22:1, 2, 51) Kwandula ke kulandele ingoma yokugqibela kaDavide, athi kuyo avume oku, “Umoya kaYehova uthetha ngam, ukukhuluma kwakhe kuselulwimini lwam.”—23:2.

26. Kuthiwani ngamadoda kaDavide anobukroti, kwaye uyibonisa njani intlonelo ngegazi lobomi bawo?

²⁶ Xa sibuyela kwingxelo engokwembali, sifumanisa ukuba kudweliswe amadoda anobukroti kaDavide, amathathu kuwo angabalaseleyo. La madoda abandakanyekile kwisiganeko ebesisenzeka xa bekumiselwa ikampu yamaFilisti eBhetelehem, ikhaya likaDavide. UDavide uvakalisa lo mnqweno: “Akwaba, bethu, bendingasezwa amanzi equla laseBhetelehem, elisesangweni!” (23:15) Ngenxa yoko, amadoda amathathu anobukroti angena emnqubeni wamaFilisti, akhe amanzi equleni, aze awase kuDavide. Kodwa uDavide akavumi ukuwasela. Kunoko, uwachithela phantsi, esithi: “Makube lee kum, Yehova, ukwenza oko. Asiligazi na eli lamadoda ahambe encame imiphefumlo yawo?” (23:17) Kuye la manzi afana negazi lobomi aye abubeka esichengeni ngenxa yawo. Ngokulandelayo kuthi kudweliswe awona madoda anobukroti angama-30 omkhosi wakhe kunye nemisebenzi yawo yoloyiso.

27. Sisiphi isono sokugqibela asenzayo uDavide? Isibetho esingumphumo waso sipheliswa njani?

²⁷ Ekugqibeleni, uDavide uyona ngokubala abantu. Ebongoza uThixo ukuba amenzele inceba, unikwa ithuba lokuba akhethe phakathi kwezohlwayo ezithathu ezizezi: iminyaka esixhenxe yendlala, iinyanga ezintathu zoloyiso lomkhosi, okanye iintsuku ezintathu zendyikitya yokufa elizweni. UDavide uphendula athi: “Masesisiwa esandleni sikaYehova; ngokuba ininzi imfesane yakhe; mandingaweli esandleni somntu.” (24:14) Indyikitya yokufa ekhoyo eluhlangeni luphela ibulala abantu abangama-70 000, kwaye ipheliswa kuphela xa athi uDavide, esenza ngokuvisisana nemiyalelo kaYehova ngoGadi, athenge isanda sika-Aravena, athi kuso anikele amadini anyukayo nemibingelelo yoxolo kuYehova.

ISIZATHU SOKUBA IBE YINGENELO

28. Ziziphi izilumkiso eziphawulekayo ezikweyesiBini kaSamuweli?

²⁸ Kuninzi okufumaneka kweyesiBini kaSamuweli okuyingenelo kumfundi wanamhlanje! Apha phantse zonke iimvakalelo zomntu ziboniswe ngomlinganiselo opheleleyo, ezo zobomi bokwenene. Ngaloo ndlela, silunyukiswa ngokungqongqo ngemiphumo eyintlekele yamabhongo neyempindezelo (3:27-30), yokunqwenela ngokuphosakeleyo iqabane likabani lomtshato (11:2-4, 15-17; 12:9, 10), yesenzo sokungcatsha (15:12, 31; 17:23), yothando olusekelwe kuphela kwinkanuko (13:10-15, 28, 29), yokungxamela ukuwisa isigwebo (16:3, 4; 19:25-30), neyokungazihloneli izenzo zabanye zokuzinikela.—6:20-23.

29. Yiyiphi imizekelo ebalaseleyo yehambo nesenzo esilungileyo efunyanwa kweyesiBini kaSamuweli?

²⁹ Phofu ke, ubukhulu becala kunokufunyanwa ingenelo enkulu kweyesiBini kaSamuweli, ngokuthobela imizekelo yayo emininzi ebalaseleyo yehambo nesenzo esilungileyo. UDavide ungumzekelo wokuzinikela ngokupheleleyo kuThixo (7:22), ukuthobeka kwakhe phambi koThixo (7:18), ukuphakamisa kwakhe igama likaYehova (7:23, 26), imbono yakhe efanelekileyo ngokubandezeleka kwakhe (15:25), ukuguquka kwakhe ngokunyanisekileyo esonweni (12:13), ukuthembeka kwakhe kwisithembiso sakhe (9:1, 7), ukuhlala kwakhe elungelelene phantsi kwesilingo (16:11, 12), ukwayama kwakhe ngoYehova ngalo lonke ixesha (5:12, 20) nokuwahlonela kwakhe ngokunzulu amalungiselelo nabantu abamiselweyo bakaYehova (1:11, 12). Akumangalisi ukuba uDavide wabizwa ngokuba “yindoda eyayikholisiwe yiyo intliziyo [kaYehova]”!—1 Sam. 13:14, NW.

30. Yiyiphi imigaqo esetyenzisiweyo nebonisiweyo kweyesiBini kaSamuweli?

³⁰ Kwakhona eyesiBini kaSamuweli ichaza indlela esebenziseka ngayo imigaqo emininzi yeBhayibhile. Phakathi kwale migaqo kukho emayela nembopheleleko yebutho (2 Sam. 3:29; 24:11-15), yokuba iinjongo ezilungileyo aziziguquli izinto ezifunwa nguThixo (6:6, 7), yokuba ubuntloko kwilungiselelo likaYehova lolawulo lobuthixo bufanele buhlonelwe (12:28), yokuba igazi lifanele ligqalwe njengelingcwele (23:17), yokuba ityala legazi lifanele licanyagushelwe (21:1-6, 9, 14), yokuba ubani osisilumko unokuyithintela intlekele ukuba ingehleli abaninzi (2 Sam. 20:21, 22; INtshu. 9:15) neyokuba kumele kunyanisekwe kwintlangano kaYehova nakubameli bayo “nokuba kusekufeni, nokuba kusebomini.”—2 Sam. 15:18-22.

31. EyesiBini kaSamuweli iwanikela njani amathemba oBukumkani bukaThixo, njengoko oko kungqinelwe kwiZibhalo zamaKristu zesiGrike?

³¹ Okona kubaluleke ngaphezu kwako konke kukuba, eyesiBini kaSamuweli yalatha phambili kwaye inikela amathemba aqaqambileyo oBukumkani bukaThixo, abumisela ezandleni ‘zonyana kaDavide,’ uYesu Kristu. (Mat. 1:1) Isifungo uYehova awasenza kuDavide mayela nokuhlala kobukumkani bakhe ngokusisigxina (2 Sam. 7:16) sicatshulwe kwiZenzo 2:29-36 njengesibhekisela kuYesu. Into yokuba isiprofeto esithi, “Mna ndiya kuba nguyise wakhe, yena abe ngunyana wam” (2 Sam. 7:14), ngokwenene sasisalatha phambili kuYesu iboniswa kumaHebhere 1:5. Oku kwaye kwangqinelwa nalilizwi likaYehova elalithetha liphuma emazulwini lisithi: “Lo nguNyana wam oyintanda, endikholisiweyo nguye.” (Mat. 3:17; 17:5) Ekugqibeleni, uGabriyeli ubhekisela kumnqophiso woBukumkani owenziwa noDavide kumazwi akhe awayewabhekisa kuMariya ngokuphathelele uYesu athi: “Yena uya kuba mkhulu, abizwe ngokuba nguNyana wOsenyangweni; iNkosi uThixo iya kumnika itrone kaDavide, uyise, abe ngukumkani phezu kwendlu kaYakobi kude kube ngunaphakade, nobukumkani bakhe bungabi nasiphelo.” (Luka 1:32, 33) Hayi indlela elibonakala lichulumancisa ngayo eli dinga leMbewu yoBukumkani njengoko nyathelo ngalinye kwisiganeko salo lityhileka phambi kwamehlo ethu!

[Imibhalo esemazantsi]