Ngubani Ofanele Umkholelwe?

“Kambe ke, ndlu nganye inomakhi wayo, kodwa lowo wazakhayo zonke izinto nguThixo.”—HEBHERE 3:4.

NGABA uyavumelana nala mazwi asengqiqweni ombhali weBhayibhile? La mazwi abhalwa kwiminyaka engama-2 000 edluleyo, yaye ukususela ngoko uluntu luye lwabona ukuhambela phambili kwenzululwazi. Ngaba kusekho abantu abacinga ukuba indlela indalo eyilwe ngayo isenza sivume ukuba kukho uMyili, uMdali okanye uThixo?

Nakumazwe ahambele phambili kwinzululwazi, abantu abaninzi banokuphendula ngokuvumayo kulo mbuzo. Ngokomzekelo, eUnited States, kuhlolisiso olwenziwa liphephancwadi iNewsweek ngowama-2005, kwafunyaniswa ukuba abantu abangama-80 ekhulwini “bakholelwa ukuba uThixo ngumdali wendalo iphela.” Ngaba le nkolelo idiza ukuba aba bantu bangamaqaba? Phofu, ngaba zikho izazinzulu ezikholelwa ukuba ukho uThixo? Ulindixesha wenzululwazi iNature ngowe-1997 wathi phantse izazinzulu zebhayoloji, iingcali zemichiza nezazi zemathematika ezingama-40 ekhulwini ziyakholelwa kuThixo yaye zikholelwa ukuba ungumphulaphuli kwaye uyayiphendula imithandazo.

Noko ke, ezinye izazinzulu zizalel’ endle. UGqr. Herbert A. Hauptman, nowafumana iMbasa kaNobel, mvanje uxelele ababezimase ingqungquthela yenzululwazi ukuba ukukholelwa kumandla angaphaya kwemvelo, ngakumbi ukukholelwa kuThixo, kuyangqubana nenzululwazi yokwenene. Lo kaHauptman wathi: “Le nkolelo ifathulisa uluntu ebumnyameni.” Izazinzulu ezikholelwa ukuba uThixo ukho zimadolw’ anzima ukufundisa ukuba izityalo nezilwanyana zinoMyili. Ngoba? Echaza esinye isizathu, uDouglas H. Erwin osisazinzulu ngezityalo kwiSmithsonian Institute uthi: “Omnye umthetho kwinzululwazi uthi, imilingo ayikho.”

Unokuvumela abanye bakuxelele oko umele ukukholelwe nendlela ofanele ucinge ngayo. Okanye unokuzenzela uphando ngokwakho ngobungqina obukhoyo uze ufikelele kwisigqibo. Njengokuba uza kubona izinto eziye zavunjululwa ziinzululwazi kumaphepha alandelayo, zibuze, ‘Ngaba kusengqiqweni ukugqiba kwelokuba uMdali ukho?’

[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 3]

Zenzele olwakho uphando

[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 3]

NGABA AMANGQINA KAYEHOVA AKHOLELWA KWINDALO?

AmaNgqina kaYehova ayayikholelwa ingxelo yendalo njengoko ichazwe kwincwadi yeBhayibhile yeGenesis. Noko ke, indlela amaNgqina kaYehova akholelwa ngayo kwindalo isenokungafani nendlela abanye abantu abakholelwa ngayo. Ngoba? Okokuqala, abantu abaninzi abakholelwa kwindalo bacinga ukuba indalo iphela, umhlaba nobomi zadalwa kwiintsuku ezintandathu, suku ngalunye luziiyure ezingama-24, malunga neminyaka engama-10 000 eyadlulayo. Noko ke, oku akufundiswa yiBhayibhile.a Kwakhona, abantu abakholelwa kwindalo baneemfundiso ezininzi ezingasekelwanga eBhayibhileni. AmaNgqina kaYehova asekela zonke iimfundiso zawo kwiLizwi likaThixo.

Ngaphezu koko, indlela abanye abantu abakholelwa ngayo kwindalo ihambisana nengcamango yamaqela eeFundamentalist, engene zwabha kwezobupolitika. La maqela azama ukunyanzela abezobupolitika, iijaji notitshala ukuze bamkele inkqubo, imithetho neemfundiso zawo ezihambisana nokudalwa.

AmaNgqina kaYehova akabandakanyeki kwimicimbi yezobupolitika. Ayalihlonela igunya abanalo oorhulumente lokubeka imithetho. (Roma 13:1-7) Kwelinye icala, aphila ngokuvisisana namazwi athethwa nguYesu athi ‘akayonxalenye yehlabathi.’ (Yohane 17:14-16) Xa eshumayela, anika abantu ithuba lokufunda ngeenzuzo zokuphila ngemilinganiselo kaThixo. Nakuba kunjalo, njengamaKristu akathath’ icala kwimibandela yehlabathi ngokuxhasa amaqela eeFundamentalist, azama ukubeka imithetho eya kuthi kamva inyanzele abemi ukuba bathobele imilinganiselo yeBhayibhile.—Yohane 18:36.

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

Yintoni Esiyifunda Kwindalo?

“Khawuncede, ubuze izilwanyana zasekhaya, zikuyalele; kwanezidalwa ezinamaphiko zezulu, zikuxelele. Okanye bonakalisa ukuxhalaba kwakho emhlabeni, uze wona ukuyalele; yaye iintlanzi zolwandle ziya kukuvakalisa kuwe.”—YOBHI 12:7, 8.

KWIMINYAKA yakutshanje izazinzulu neenjineli ziye zafunda lukhulu kwiintyatyambo nakwizilwanyana. Ziye zafunda zaza zaxelisa izinto ezininzi ezenziwa kwindalo—isifundo esibizwa ngokuba yibiomimetics—ukuze zikwazi ukuyila izinto ezintsha nokuphucula oomatshini abakhoyo. Njengokuba ukhangela le mizekelo ilandelayo, zibuze, ‘Ngubani ofanele azukiswe ngokuyila ezi zinto?’

Ukufunda Kumaphiko Omnenga

Yintoni abenzi beenqwelo-moya abayifunda kumnenga? Kubonakala ngathi banokufunda izinto ezininzi. Umnenga omkhulu onobunzima obuziitoni ezingama-30—malunga nobunzima belori enomthwalo—unomzimba oqinileyo namaphiko amakhulu. Esi silwanyana siziimitha ezilishumi ubude siyagqadaza ngaphantsi kwamanzi. Ngokomzekelo, xa lo mnenga uzingela uhamba emanzini ume nkqo uze ujikeleze isilwanyana eso ufuna ukusitya ekusenokwenzeka ukuba luhlobo oluthile lononkala okanye intlanzi, uze uvuthele amaqamza amaninzi amanzi. La maqamza anokuba yimitha enesiqingatha ubuncinane yaye abamba elo xhoba. Umnenga wandula usiginye eso silwanyana silungiselelwe kakuhle.

Enye into eshiya abaphandi bebambe ongezantsi yindlela esi silwanyana sibonakala sinomzimba oqinileyo esikhawuleza ngayo ukujika. Bafumanise ukuba indlela amaphiko awo amile ngayo enza esi silwanyana sikwazi ukwenza oku. Ekupheleni kwala maphiko kurhabaxa, njengamaphiko enqwelo-moya, kodwa wona aqoqiwe yaye kukho umgca onamaqhuqhuva abizwa ngokuba ziitubercles.

Njengokuba umnenga uhamba ngokukhawuleza emanzini, ezi tubercles ziyawuphakamisa zize ziwenze udade ngokukhawuleza. Kwenzeka njani oko? Ulindixesha iNatural History uchaza ukuba ezi tubercles ziwenza amanzi abaleke phezu kwamaphiko nokuze umnenga udade lula nakwindawo enyukayo. Ukuba amaphiko ebengenawo amaqhuqhuva, umnenga ngewungakwazi ukujika ngokukhawuleza kuba amanzi ebeya kuba mtyibilizi aze ahambe nje ngaphezu komnenga aze amanzi angawuphakamisi.

Yintoni enokwenziwa ngolu lwazi luye lwafunyanwa? Amaphiko enqwelo-moya ebenokufuna amanye amaphiko amancinane angakumbi ukuze alwe nomoya. Loo maphiko ebenokusebenza kakuhle ngakumbi kwaye bekuya kuba lula ukuwalungisa. Isazi ngenkqubo yemichiza uJohn Long ukholelwa kwelokuba kungekudala “kuza kubakho iinqwelo-moya ezinamaphiko amancinane njengomnenga.”

Ukulinganisa Amaphiko Engabangaba

Yaziwa nanguthathatha into yokuba amaphiko eenqwelo-moya akhiwe njengamaphiko eentaka. Noko ke, iinjineli ziye zathabath’ olunye unyawo kulo mba. Iphephancwadi iNew Scientist lithi: “Abaphandi beYunivesithi yaseFlorida bakhe inqwelo-moya esebenza ngeremote-control ekwaziyo ukundanda, ihle ize iphinde inyuke njengengabangaba.”

Ngokwenza amaphiko alo abe bhetyebhetye, ingabangaba liyakwazi ukunyuka lize lenze uqulukubhode emoyeni. Ixelisa amaphiko engabangaba abhetyebhetye, lo lindixesha uthi “le nqwelo-moya eziisentimitha ezingama-60 ubukhulu inomatshini omncinane olawula iintsimbi ezishukumisa amaphiko ayo. La maphiko enziwe ngobukrelekrele enza inqwelo-moya encinane ikwazi ukundanda ize ihle phakathi kwezakhiwo ezide. UMkhosi woMoya waseMerika uzam’ ukwenza inqwelo-moya enjalo ukuze ukwazi ukufuna izixhobo zamachiza kwizixeko ezikhulu.

Ukuxelisa Iinyawo Zikanqinishe

Sinokufunda lukhulu kwizilwanyana ezihlala emhlabeni. Ngokomzekelo, icikilishe elincinane ekuthiwa ngunqinishe (gecko) linobuchule bokunyuka eludongeni nobokubambelela esilingini lijonge ezantsi. Nangamaxesha okubhalwa kweBhayibhile, eli cikilishe lalisaziwa ngobuchule balo. (IMizekeliso 30:28) Esi silwanyana siwoyisa njani umxhuzulane?

Ukuze unqinishe akwazi ukubambelela kwiindawo ezimtyibilizi uncedwa buboya obuncinane obugqume iinyawo zakhe. Olu nyawo alunanto yakuncamathelisa. Kunoko, usebenzisa amandla emolekyuli. Ezi molekyuli zimbini ziyadibana ngenxa yamandla afunyaniswa nguvan der Waals (van der Waals force). Ngokuqhelekileyo, umxhuzulane uyawongamela la mandla yaye wena ngenxa yaloo nto akukwazi ukunyuka udonga ngezandla. Noko ke, uboya obuncinane obukunqinishe benza udonga lungabi mtyibilizi. Amandla kavan der Waals, abangelwa buboya xa bubuninzi kwiinyawo zikanqinishe bumenza akwazi ukubambelela.

Kusinceda entweni ke oko kufunyenweyo? Amalaphu angenziwanga ngomqhaphu enziwe ngenjongo yokuxelisa iinyawo zikanqinishe asenokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ebekuya kusetyenziswa iVelcro—nto leyo efundwe kwindalo.a Ulindixesha iThe Economist ucaphula omnye umphandi esithi ilaphu elenziwe “ngegecko tape” lisenokuba luncedo ingakumbi “kwezonyango xa kungenakusetyenziswa amachiza okuncamathelisa.”

Ngubani Ofanelwe Azukiswe Ngezi Zinto?

Sithethanje, iNational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) imaxhaphetshu isenza irobhoti enemilenze emininzi ehamba njengonomadudwane, yaye oononjineli baseFinland baye benza iteletele enemilenze emithandathu enokunyuka phezu kwayo nantoni na kanye ngendlela isinambuzane esikhulu esinokwenza ngayo. Abanye abaphandi baye benza ilaphu elivuleka lize livaleke njengembumbulu. Abenzi beemoto benza imoto efana nqwa nentlanzi ekuthiwa yiboxfish. Kwelinye icala abanye bazama ukwenza izinto zokudambisa ukubetheka ngokujonga indlela ezidalwe ngayo iimbatyisi ekuthiwa ziiabalone ukuze kwenziwe iimpahla ezilula nezomeleleyo zokuzikhusela.

Zininzi izinto ezinokuyilwa ngokusekelwe kwindalo abaye abaphandi benza uluhlu lwazo. IThe Economist ithi izazinzulu zinokukhangela kolu luhlu zize zifumane “isicombululo kwiingxaki ezihlangabezana nazo xa ziyila izinto.” Izinto ezisekelwe kwindalo ezikolu luhlu zibizwa ngokuba “ziibiological patent.” Ngokuqhelekileyo umntu onelungelo kwipatent ngulowo okanye yinkampani eze naloo ngcamango intsha okanye umatshini. Ithetha ngolu luhlu, iThe Economist ithi: “Ukubiza izinto eziyilwa ngokusekelwe kwindalo ngokuthi ‘ziibiological patent’ abaphengululi babethelela into yokuba, eneneni ezi zinto ziyimveliso yendalo.”

Indalo ikwazi njani ukuza neengcamango ezikrelekrele kangaka? Abaphengululi abaninzi bazukisa indalo ngokuthi ezi zinto zazivelela kwiminyaka ezizigidi eyadlulayo ngelinge nje. Abanye abaphengululi bafikelela kwesinye isigqibo. Omnye unjingalwazi wamachiza uMichael Behe wabhala wathi kwiThe New York Times yama-2005: “Indlela ebukeka ngayo indalo isenza sifikelele kwesi sigqibo esaziwa nanguthathatha: ukuba idada lihamba okwedada, lenza isandi sedada lize ikhangeleke okwedada, kuze kungabikho bungqina buphikisana noko, sinesizathu sokufikelela kwisigqibo sokuba oko sikubonayo lidada.” UBehe uqukumbela ngelithi: “Indlela into eyilwe ngayo ayimele ijongelwe phantsi, kuba nje oko kuzicacele.”

Ngokuqinisekileyo, injineli eyile iphiko lenqwelo-moya elisebenza kakuhle ngakumbi ifanele izukiswe ngokufanelekileyo ngenxa yokuyila elo phiko. Ngokufanayo ke, ukuba kukho umyili oye wayila ibhandenji elingayiwayo—okanye ilaphu lempahla elithi ndijonge okanye imoto esebenzisa ubuchule obungenakuthelekiswa nanto—kufuneka azukiswe ngoko athe wakwenza. Eneneni, ubani oyila into exelisa umyili othile aze angathethi nto ngomyili wokwenene, usenokujongwa njengesaphuli-mthetho.

Ngaba isengqiqweni kuwe into yokuba abaphandi abaye bafunda baza bayityekeza, abathi ngobuqhitala baxelise izinto zendalo ukuze bacombulule iingxaki zeenjineli, baze bathi obo bukrelekrele buyimveliso yendaleko? Ukuba ukuyila izinto ezisekelwe kwindalo kufuna umntu okrelekrele, kuthekani ngezinto zokwenene? Eneneni ngubani kanye kanye ofanele azukiswe, ngumfundi oxelisa ingcungela yomzobi okanye ngumzobi?

Isigqibo Esisengqiqweni

Emva kokuqwalasela ubungqina bendalo, abantu abaninzi abahluzekileyo engqondweni bacingisisa nzulu ngamazwi omdumisi owabhala wathi: “Hayi indlela emininzi ngayo imisebenzi yakho, Yehova! Yonke uyenze ngobulumko. Uzele umhlaba yimveliso yakho.” (INdumiso 104:24) Umbhali weBhayibhile uPawulos wafikelela kwisigqibo esifanayo. Wabhala wathi: “Oko kunokwaziwa ngoThixo kuyabonakala phakathi kwabo, kuba uThixo ukubonakalisile kubo. Kuba iimpawu zakhe ezingabonakaliyo zibonwa ngokucacileyo ukususela ekudalweni kwehlabathi kuse phambili, ngenxa yokuba ziqondeka ngezinto ezenziweyo, kwanamandla angunaphakade nobuThixo bakhe.” (Roma 1:19, 20)

Phofu ke, kusenokwenzeka ukuba abantu abayihlonelayo iBhayibhile nabakholelwayo kuThixo basenokuphikisa ngelithi uThixo wasebenzisa indaleko ukuze adale zonke izinto ezimangalisayo ezisemhlabeni namhlanje. Ifundisa ntoni yona iBhayibhile?

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 5]

Kutheni indalo ineengcamango ezikrelekrele kangaka?

[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 6]

Ngubani ongumnikazi wendalo?

[Ibhokisi/Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 7]

Ukuba ukwenziwa kwezinto ngokusekelwe kwindalo kufuna umntu okrelekrele kuthekani ngomenzi wokuqala?

Le nqwelo-moya eyenza uqulukubhode ixelisa amaphiko engabangaba

Iinyawo zikanqinishe azingcoli, zingashiyi umzila, nokuba zinamathela ngaphantsi kwamanzi okanye kwindawo engenamoya, zinamathela nakwintoni na ngaphandle “kweTeflon,” yaye zisuka ngokungathi azikhange zinamathele. Abaphengululi bazama iindlela zokuzixelisa.

Indlela emtyibilizi nezinze ngayo intlanzi ebizwa ngokuba “yiboxfish” yenze abayili beemoto bacinga ngokuyila imoto efana nayo

[Inkcazelo]

Inqwelo-moya: Kristen Bartlett/ University of Florida; unyawo lukanqinishe: Breck P. Kent; ibox fish nemoto: Mercedes-Benz USA

[Ibhokisi/Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 8]

NGETHUKU ZILUMKILE

Izilwanyana ezininzi “ngethuku lemvelo zilumkile,” ibe oku kubonakala kwindlela ezihamba ngayo kwesi sijikelezi-langa singuMhlaba. (IMizekeliso 30:24, 25) Makhe sijonge imizekelo emibini.

◼ Ukulawula Indlela Iimbovane Ezihamba Ngayo: Ziyifumana njani indlela egodukayo iimbovane ebeziye kufun’ ukutya? Abaphandi baseBritani bafumanise ukuba ngaphezu kokuba iimbovane zishiya ivumba njengomkhondo kwindlela ebezihamba kuyo, zisebenzisa ubugcisa bokubala ukuze kube lula ukufumana imingxunya ezihlala kuyo. Ngokomzekelo, iNew Scientist ithi iimbovane ezibizwa ngokuba ziipharaoh ants “zenza umzila eziphuma ngawo kumgxuma wazo uxwese ungahambi ngokuthe ngqo. Yintoni emangalisayo ngale ndlela yokwenza umzila wokuhamba? Xa imbovane ibuyela kumngxuma wayo ize ifikelele kwindawo exwesayo, ngethuku, ihamba ngendlela exwesa kancinane, ethi ekugqibeleni ifikelele kumngxuma wayo. Eli nqaku lalek’ umsundulu ngokuthi: “Indlela ezixwesa ngayo ezi ndlela yenza iimbovane zihambe ngolungelelwano, ngakumbi xa ezinye iimbovane zibheka kwelinye icala, kwakhona oku kunciphisa amandla asetyenziswa zezinye iimbovane ngenxa yokulahleka.”

◼ Ikhampasi Yeentaka Iintaka ezininzi zihamba ziye kufika kwindawo eziya kuyo kungakhathaliseki ukuba imozulu injani. Zikwenza njani oku? Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba iintaka zisebenzisa amandla emagnethi yomhlaba. Noko ke, “la mandla emagnethi ahlukile ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye, yaye akasokolo ekho emantla,” utsho njalo ulindixesha obizwa ngokuba yiScience. Yintoni eyenza ezi ntaka zingalahleki? Iintaka zilungelelanisa iikhampasi zazo ngalo lonke ixesha kutshon’ ilanga. Ekubeni indawo ilanga litshona kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo ngenxa yomphakamo nangenxa yexesha lonyaka, ngokutsho kweScience abaphandi bacinga ukuba iintaka zimele zikwazi ukutshintsha nazo ngenxa “yewotshi yokwemvelo exelela iintaka ngexesha lonyaka.”

Ngubani oxelele iimbovane ukuze ziyiqonde indawo eziya kuyo? Ngubani owenza iintaka zanekhampasi, iwotshi yemvelo nengqondo ezenza zikwazi ukusebenzisa ezi zixhobo? Ngaba yindaleko engenangqondo? Okanye ngaba nguMdali okrelekrele?

[Inkcazelo]

© E.J.H. Robinson 2004

Ngaba UThixo Wasebenzisa Indaleko Ukudala Ubomi?

“Ufanele, Yehova, Thixo wethu, ukwamkela uzuko nembeko namandla, ngenxa yokuba wadala zonke izinto, nangenxa yokuthanda kwakho zabakho yaye zadalwa.”—ISITYHILELO 4:11.

EMVA kokuba uCharles Darwin enze ingcamango yendaleko yaziwa ngokubanzi, uninzi lwabo bazingomb’ izifuba ngokuba ngamaKristu baqalisa ukukhangela iindlela zokunxulumanisa inkolelo yabo ngoThixo kunye nengcamango yendaleko.

Namhlanje, inkoliso yeecawa eziphambili ekuthiwa zezamaKristu zibonakala ngathi ziyavuma ukuba uThixo wasebenzisa indaleko ukuyila ubomi. Abanye bafundisa ukuba uThixo wayimisela kwangaphambili indalo ukuba ivelise izinto eziphilayo ngokusuka kwizinto ezingenabomi yaye ekugqibeleni ivelise abantu. Abo batshotsh’ entla kule mfundiso, eyaziwa ngokuba yindaleko yamakholwa, bavakalelwa kukuba uThixo akazange azidube ngale nkqubo yakuba iqalile. Abanye bavakalelwa kukuba, uThixo wavumela indaleko ukuba ivelise iindidi ngeendidi zezityalo nezilwanyana, kodwa maxa wambi engenelela ukuze le nkqubo ihambele phambili.

Ngaba Ukunxulumanisa Ezi Mfundiso Kuyasebenza?

Ngaba ingcamango yendaleko ibetha ngesingqi esinye neBhayibhile? Masithi indaleko iyinyaniso, oko kuthetha ukuba ingxelo yeBhayibhile ngokudalwa kuka-Adam yintsomi nje eyilelwe ukufundisa isifundo esithile kodwa ayifanele igqalwe njengento eyenzeka ngokoqobo. (Genesis 1:26, 27; 2:18-24) Ngaba le yimbono kaYesu ngengxelo yeBhayibhile? UYesu wathi: “Anizange nifunde na ukuba lowo wabadalayo ukususela ekuqaleni wabenza baba yindoda nebhinqa waza wathi, ‘Ngenxa yesi sizathu indoda iya kumshiya uyise nonina ize inamathele emfazini wayo, baze abo babini babe nyama-nye’? Ngako oko abasebabini, kodwa banyama-nye. Ngoko ke, oko uThixo akubophelele ngedyokhwe ndawonye makungahlukaniswa mntu.”—Mateyu 19:4-6.

UYesu apha wayecaphula ingxelo yendalo ekwincwadi yeGenesis isahluko sesibini. Ukuba ke uYesu wayekholelwa ukuba umtshato wokuqala wabantu yintsomi nje, ngaba kwakusengqiqweni ukucaphula kuwo ekufundiseni ngobungcwele bomtshato? Lulwimi etywaleni olo. UYesu wacaphula kule ngxelo yeBhayibhile kuba wayesazi ukuba yimbali eyinyaniso.—Yohane 17:17.

Abafundi bakaYesu nabo babeyikholelwa ingxelo yendalo ekwiGenesis. Ngokomzekelo, iVangeli kaLuka ilanda umlibo wokuzalwa kukaYesu ukusa kuAdam. (Luka 3:23-38) Ukuba uAdam wayengumntu wasentsomini, uguquke nini lo mnombo wokuzalwa wokwenene waza wayintsomi? Ukuba lo mnombo yinto nje eyilwe ngabantu, yintoni eyayiza kusenza siqiniseke xa uYesu esithi unguMesiya owayeza kuphuma kumnombo kaDavide? (Mateyu 1:1) UmVangeli uLuka uthi “ndazilanda zonke izinto ukususela kwasekuqaleni ngokuchanileyo.” Ngokucacileyo wayeyikholelwa ingxelo yendalo ekwiGenesis.—Luka 1:3.

Ukholo lompostile uPawulos ngoYesu lunxulumene nengxelo ekwiGenesis. Wabhala wathi: “Ekubeni ukufa kungomntu, nokuvuka ekufeni kukwangomntu. Kuba kanye njengoko kuAdam bonke besifa, ngokunjalo nakuKristu bonke baya kwenziwa baphile.” (1 Korinte 15:21, 22) Ukuba uAdam ebengenguye uyise woluntu lonke, esathi “isono sangena [ngaye] ehlabathini nokufa ngaso isono,” yintoni eyayiya kubangela ukuba uYesu afe ukuze asikhulule esonweni esasizuza njengelifa.—Roma 5:12; 6:23.

Ukusingela phantsi imfundiso yendalo efumaneka kwincwadi yeGenesis kuthetha ukusingela phantsi isiseko sokholo lobuKristu. Ingcamango yendaleko nemfundiso yobuKristu zinjengempuma kwintshona. Iinzame zokunxulumanisa ezi mfundiso zimbini ziya kuvelisa ukholo olubuthathaka oluya ‘kukhukuliswa ngamaza luze luphetshethwe yiyo yonke imimoya.’—Efese 4:14.

Ukholo Olusekelwe Kwisiseko Esomeleleyo

Kangangeenkulungwane, iBhayibhile iye yagxekwa yaza yahlaselwa. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo iBhayibhile iye yangqinwa inyaniso. Xa iBhayibhile ithetha ngembali, imibandela yempilo okanye inzululwazi, ngokuphindaphindiweyo oko ikuthethayo kuye kwangqinwa kunokuthenjwa. Icebiso layo ngendlela yokuqhubana nabantu linokuthenjwa kwaye lisexesheni. Iintanda-bulumko zabantu neengcamango zabo ziye zanjengengca eluhlaza ehlumayo ize ibune, kodwa iLizwi likaThixo “liya kuhlala ukusa kwixesha elingenammiselo.”—Isaya 40:8.

Imfundiso ngendaleko ayiphelelanga nje kwingcamango yenzululwazi. Yintanda-bulumko eye yendela kangangamashumi eminyaka. Kwiminyaka yamvanje, imfundiso eqhelekileyo kaDarwin yendaleko iye yatshintsha ngokuthe ngcembe njengoko kuye kwavela ubungqina obucacileyo bokuba izinto ezisemhlabeni zadalwa. Siyakucela ukuba uyihl’ amahlongwane le nyewe. Unokwenjenjalo ngokuqwalasela eminye imixholo ekule nkupho. Ukongezelela, unokufunda iincwadi ezikhankanywe kweli phepha nakwiphepha 32.

Emva kokuphanda ngalo mbandela, kusenokwenzeka ukuba uya kuba nentembelo engakumbi ngoko kuthethwa yiBhayibhile ngexesha elidluleyo. Ngaphezu koko, ukholo lwakho ngezithembiso zeBhayibhile luya komelela nangakumbi. (Hebhere 11:1) Nawe usenokushukunyiselwa ukuba uzukise uYehova, ngenxa yokuba “wadala zonke izinto.”—ISityhilelo 4:11.

INKCAZELO ENGAKUMBI

Incwadi Yabantu Bonke Kule ncwadana inemifanekiso kushukuxwa iimpikiswano ezingeemfundiso zeBhayibhile

Is There a Creator Who Cares About You? Le ncwadi ithetha ngemibandela yenzululwazi kwaye ingakufundisa nangesizathu sokuba uThixo onenkathalo avumele ukubandezeleka

Yintoni Ngokwenene Efundiswa YiBhayibhile? Umbuzo othi “Yintoni injongo kaThixo ngomhlaba?” uphendulwa kwisahluko 3 sale ncwadi

[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 10]

UYesu wayeyikholelwa ingxelo yendalo ekwiGenesis. Ngaba wayephazama?

[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 9]

YINTONI INDALEKO?

Enye indlela yokuchaza “indaleko” kungathiwa “yinkqubo yokuzitshintshela kwezinto.” Noko ke, eli gama lisetyenziswa ngeendlela ezininzi. Ngokomzekelo, lisetyenziswa ukuze licacise utshintsho olukhulu kwizinto ezingaphiliyo—indlela eyabakho ngayo indalo iphela. Ukongezelela, eli gama lisetyenziswa ukuchaza ukutshintsha kwezinto eziphilayo—indlela iintyatyambo nezilwanyana eziziqhelanisa ngayo nendawo ezikuyo. Ubukhulu becala, eli gama lisetyenziswa ukuchaza ingcamango yokuba ubomi basuka nje bazivelela kwinto engaphiliyo, busiba ziiseli eziziphindaphindayo yaye ngokuthe ngcembe bukhula ukuze bube zizidalwa ezintsonkothileyo, yaye umntu usesona sikrelekrele. Le ndlela yesithathu yokucacisa eli gama yindlela elisetyenziswe ngayo igama elithi “indaleko” kweli nqaku.

[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 10]

Space photo: J. Hester and P. Scowen (AZ State Univ.), NASA

Udliwano-ndlebe Nengcali Yamachiza

NGOWE-1996, uMichael J Behe, ngoku ongunjingalwazi wamachiza kwiLehigh University yaseUnited States, wapapasha incwadi ethi Darwin’s Black Box—The Biochemical Challenge to Evolution. Inkupho kaVukani! yesiNgesi kaMeyi 8, 1997 yayinongcelele lwamanqaku ayenomxholo othi “Sabakho Njani? Ngokudalwa Okanye Ngengozi?” nawayebhekisela kwincwadi kaBehe. Kwiminyaka elishumi emva kokupapashwa kwencwadi ethi Darwin’s Black Box, izazinzulu ezifundisa indaleko zazama ukuyigalel’ amanzi ingcamango kaBehe. Aba bagxeki bathi okaBehe wayemfanyekiswe ziinkolelo zakhe zonqulo kwindlela yakhe yokubona izinto zenzululwazi—phofu yena, engumRoma Katolika. Abanye balilisela ngelithi akaqiqi njengesazinzulu. Ababhali bakaVukani! baye badlan’ indlebe noNjingalwazi Behe ukuze bazi isizathu sokuba iingcango zakhe zidale esi siphithiphithi.

UVUKANI!: KUTHENI UCINGA UKUBA INDALO INGQINA UKUBA KUKHO UMYILI OKRELEKRELE?

UNJINGALWAZI BEHE: Xa sibona izinto ezintsonkothileyo sidla ngokucinga ukuba ziye zayilwa ngumntu othile. Khawucinge ngokomzekelo ngoomatshini esibasebenzisa mihla le—umatshini wokucheba ingca, imoto okanye izinto nje eziqhelekileyo. Umzekelo endithanda ukuwusebenzisa ngumgibe weempuku. Ugqiba kwelokuba wenziwe ngumntu othile kuba unamalungu ahlukahlukeneyo abangela ukuba ukwazi ukubambisa iimpuku.

Inzululwazi yenze inkqubela ngokutyhila isiseko sobomi. Okumangalisayo kukuba izazinzulu ziye zacinga ngoomatshini abancinane ukuze zifanekisele inkqubo yokusebenza kweemolekyuli emzimbeni. Ngokomzekelo, phakathi kwiseli ephilayo kukho izinto ezifana neelori ezincinane ezithwala izondlo ukusuka kwelinye icala leseli ukuya kwelinye. Kukho izinto ezifana nezalathisi ezincinane ezixelela ezi lori ukuba zijike ekhohlo okanye ekunene. Ezinye iiseli ngathi ziineenjini ezincinane eziqhuba ezi seli ukuba zihambe phezu kwamanzi. Nokuba uyijonga njani le nto, xa abantu bebona ukuntsonkotha okunjalo bagqiba kwelokuba ezo zinto ziye zenziwa ngomntu othile. Asinayo enye indlela esinokuyichaza ngayo le nto, phezu kwazo nje izinto ezithethwa ngabo bakholelwa kwiingcamango zikaDarwin zendaleko. Lisiko lethu yaye linenkqayi ukuvuma ukuba xa izinto zilungelelene ngolu hlobo zidiza ukuba kukho umyili, yaye umyili okrelekrele wendlela umzimba wethu osebenza ngayo.

UVUKANI!: UCINGA UKUBA YINTONI EBANGELA OOGXA BAKHO ABANINZI BAZALEL’ ENDLE XA UTHETHA NGOMYILI OKRELEKRELE?

UNJINGALWAZI BEHE: Izazinzulu ezininzi azivumelani nam kuba ziyaqonda ukuba xa kuthethwa ngomyili okrelekrele, oko kufuna enye ingcaciso yenzululwazi—leyo yinto engaphaya kwemvelo. Xa ezinye kufuneka zifikelele kweso sigqibo suke zibe mathidala. Eny’ into, mna ndafundiswa ukuba inzululwazi kufuneka ibe nobungqina. Ngokwendlela endibona ngayo, kukungabi namqolo ukucinga ukuba ingcamango ethile enobungqina ifanele igatywe kuba nje ingathandwa ngabaninzi abaziinkcuba-buchopho.

UVUKANI!: UBAPHENDULA NJANI ABAGXEKI ABATHI INGCAMANGO YOMYILI OKRELEKRELE IMFAMEKISA ABANTU?

UNJINGALWAZI BEHE: Ukugqiba kwelokuba kukho umyili akudizi ukuba iingqondo zabantu zimfanyekisiwe. Ukwamkela ukuba kukho umyili okrelekrele akuxhomekekanga koko singakwaziyo; kodwa koko sikwaziyo. Xa uDarwin wayepapasha incwadi yakhe ethi The Origin of Species malunga neminyaka eli-150 eyadlulayo, ubomi babungathi buyinto nje engantsonkothanga. Izazinzulu zazicinga ukuba iseli yayinokusuka nje ivele kudaka lwaselwandle. Kodwa ukususela ngoko, izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa ukuba iiseli zinobugocigoci obungaphezulu lee kunoomatshini benkulungwane yama-21. Obo bugocigoci buchaza ukuyilwa okunenjongo.

UVUKANI!: NGABA INZULULWAZI IYE YANGQINA UKUBA INDALEKO, ISEBENZISA AMANDLA ENDALO OKUZIKHETHELA, INOKUVELISA OOMATSHINI OTHETHE NGABO ABAFUZISELA IMOLEKYULI?

UNJINGALWAZI BEHE: Ukuba uphengulula iincwadi zenzululwazi, uya kufumanisa ukuba akukho namnye owakha wakulinga oko—ndithetha ukulinga okunzulu kwenzululwazi—ukuze afumanise ukuba aba matshini babakho njani ngokwenkqubo kaDarwin. Oku kunjalo phezu kwako nje ukuba kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo incwadi yam ipapashiwe, imibutho emininzi yenzululwazi njengeNational Academy of Science kunye neAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science iye yahlab’ ikhwelo kumalungu ayo ukuba enze konke okusemandleni ukuze ayisuse neengcambu ingcamango yokuba kukho ubungqina bomyili okrelekrele.

UVUKANI!: UBAPHENDULA NJANI ABO BATHI KUKHO AMAKHWINIBA KWINDLELA IZILWANYANA NEZITYALO EZIYILWE NGAYO?

UNJINGALWAZI BEHE: Kuba nje singasazi isizathu sokubakho kwelungu elithile, akuthethi kuthi elo lungu alibalulekanga. Ngokomzekelo, loo malungu omzimba ekwakusithiwa akabalulekanga, kwakucingwa ukuba akhiwe kakubi. Uthunjana kunye namadlala omqala kwakucingwa ukuba ngamalungu angenanjongo yaye ngokuqhelekileyo ayekhutshwa emntwini. Kodwa kamva kwafunyaniswa ukuba la malungu anendima ephambili kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela yaye ngoku akasaziwa njengamalungu angenamsebenzi.

Enye inkalo ekufuneka siyikhumbule kukuba kwizifundo ngendalo kuthiwa ezinye izinto zibakho ngamabona-ndenzile. Ngenxa yokuba imoto yam inesifotho okanye ngenxa yokuba ivili lemoto liphelelwe ngumoya oko akuthethi kuthi ivili okanye imoto azizange ziyilwe. Ngokufanayo ke, isibakala sokuba ezinye izinto zizivelela oko akuthethi ukuthi ubugocigoci bokusebenza kwemolekyuli kwabakho ngamabona-ndenzile. Bubuvuvu loo nto.

[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 12]

“Ngokwendlela endibona ngayo, kukungabi namqolo ukucinga ukuba ingcamango ethile enobungqina ifanele igatywe kuba nje ingathandwa ngabaninzi abaziinkcuba-buchopho”

Ngaba Imfundiso Yendaleko Iyinyaniso?

“IMFUNDISO yendaleko iyinyaniso njengokuba kunjalo ngobushushu belanga,” watsho njalo uNjingalwazi Richard Dawkins, isazinzulu esaziwayo sendaleko. Phofu ke, uhlolisiso olwenziweyo naxa kuqwalaselwa izinto ngokungqalileyo, kungqina ukuba ilanga lishushu. Kodwa ngaba uhlolisiso noko kubonakalayo kunikela ubungqina obungenakukhanyelwa bemfundiso yendaleko?

Ngaphambi kokuba siphendule loo mbuzo, kukho into esifanele siyiqonde. Izazinzulu ezininzi ziye zaphawula ukuba emva kwexesha elide, inzala yezinto ezifanayo iyaguquka kancinane. UCharles Darwin wayibiza le nkqubo ngokuthi, “yinzala ephuculiweyo.” Oko kuguquka kuye kwaphawulwa ngokoqobo, kwabhalwa phantsi emva kokuba kwenziwe ulingelo kwaza ngobulumko kwasetyenziswa ngabalimi nabafuyi.a Ezi nguqulelo zinokugqalwa njengobungqina bokwenene. Noko ke, izazinzulu ziwubiza lo mahluko mncinane ngokuthi yindaleko encinane (microevolution). Kwanendlela ebizwa ngayo le nkqubo, ibonisa oko kuthethwa zizazinzulu ezininzi—ukuba ezi nguqulelo zincinane zibubungqina bokwenzeka kwento eyahlukileyo, ekungekho mntu wakha wayibona, eziyibiza ngokuba yindaleko enkulu (macroevolution).

UDarwin lo ke yena wazibona izinto ngenye indlela. Kwincwadi yakhe eyaziwayo ethi The Origin of Species uDarwin wathi: “Andiqondi ukuba zonke izinto eziphilayo zidalwe ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa zisuka kumnombo omnye wezinto eziphilayo ezimbalwa.” Emva kwexesha elide, lo kaDarwin wathi ezi “zinto ziphilayo zimbalwa” zamandulo, zaguquka ngokuthe ngcembe—zisenza “impucuko encinane gqitha”—nto leyo eyenze kwakho izigidi zezinto eziphilayo ezingafaniyo emhlabeni. Abo bakholelwa kwindaleko bafundisa ukuba ezi nguqulelo zincinane zibangele iinguqulelo ezinkulu ezibangele ukuba intlanzi iguquke ibe sisilwanyana esikwaziyo ukuphila emhlabeni nasemanzini neemfene ziguquke zibe ngabantu. Ezi nguqulelo kuthiwa zenzekile zibizwa ngokuba yindaleko enkulu. Kwabaninzi, le mfundiso yesibini ibonakala ibhadlile. Bayazibuza, ‘Ukuba kunokwenzeka iinguqulelo ezincinane kwizinto eziphilayo, kutheni indaleko ingenakubangela iinguqulelo ezinkulu emva kwexesha elide?’b

Imfundiso yeenguqulelo ezinkulu isekelwe kwizinto ezintathu ezisisiseko:

1. ukuguquka kwemizila yemfuza kubangele kwakho izinto eziyimfuneko ukuze kuvele izidalwa ezitsha,c

2. ukuzikhethela kwemvelo kubangele ukuba kubekho izidalwa ezitsha, yaye

3. izinto ezaziphila mandulo zingqinelana nokuguquka okukhulu kwezityalo nezilwanyana.

Ngaba ubungqina bokuguquka okukhulu kwezinto bunamandla kangangokuba bufanele bugqalwe njengobuyinyaniso?

Ngaba Ukuguquka Kwemizila Yemfuza Kunokuvelisa Izidalwa Ezitsha?

Iinkcukacha ezininzi zesityalo okanye isilwanyana zixhomekeke kwimiyalelo efumaneka kwimizila yaso yemfuza, inkcazelo efumaneka kumbindi weseli nganye.d Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba ukuguquka kwemizila yemfuza kusenokuvelisa iinguqulelo kwizityalo eziveliswe zezinye nakwinzala yezilwanyana. Ngowe-1946, uHermann J. Muller, owafumana iBhaso likaNobel nowokuqala ukufumanisa ukuguquka kwemizila yemfuza, wathi: “Ukuguquka kwemizila yemfuza kwizilwanyana nakwizityalo akubangelwa nje kuphela ngabantu, kodwa ubukhulu becala, leyo yindlela indaleko eyenzeke ngayo, ngokuzikhethela kwemvelo.”

Imfundiso yokuguquka okukhulu kwezinto isekelwe kwibango lokuba ukuguquka kwemizila yemfuza kunokuvelisa kungekuphela nje izidalwa ezitsha kodwa kwakhona nohlobo olutsha lwezityalo nezilwanyana. Ngaba ikho indlela yokukuqinisekisa oku? Phawula oko kuveliswe luhlolisiso oluthabathe iminyaka enokuba li-100 yophando ngemizila yemfuza.

Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1930, izazinzulu zayamkela zichwayitile ingcamango yokuba, ukuba indalo inokukhetha ukuvelisa izityalo ezitsha ngokuguquka okuzenzekelayo kwemizila yemfuza, ngoko ke, umntu ufanele akwazi ukukwenza oku ngokuphumelela ngakumbi ngokuguqula imizila yemfuza. UWolf-Ekkehard Lönnig, isazinzulu seMax-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research eJamani kudliwano-ndlebe noVukani! wathi: “Babexhelelw’ eXhukwane abafuyi nezazi ngendalo nezemizila yemfuza.” Yintoni le yayingaka? Lo kaLönnig, owayechithe iminyaka enokuba ngama-28 ephanda ngokuguquka kwemizila yemfuza kwizityalo, uthi: “Aba baphandi babecinga ukuba ngoku babeza kukwazi ukuguqula indlela eqhelekileyo yokuvelisa uhlobo olutsha lwezityalo nezilwanyana. Babecinga ukuba ngokuphembelela nokukhetha indlela abafuna iguquke ngayo imizila yemfuza, babenokuvelisa uhlobo olutsha nolubhetele lwezityalo nezilwanyana.”e

Izazinzulu zaseMerika, zaseAsia nezaseYurophu zaqalisa uphando olwaxhaswa ngezityhwentywe zemali, zisebenzisa iinkqubo ekuthiwa zaziza kuyikhawulezisa indaleko. Yintoni eyaveliswa lolu phando lunzulu olwathabatha iminyaka engaphezu kwengama-40? UPeter von Sengbusch nongumphandi uthi: “Phezu kwako nje ukusetyenziswa kweemali ezinamagama, liye lawa phantsi ilinge lokwandisa imveliso eyahlukahlukeneyo ngokuguqula imizila yemfuza.” Yena okaLönnig wathi: “Ngeminyaka yee-1980, amathemba namaphupha ezazinzulu aphelel’ emoyeni ehlabathini lonke. Amazwe aseNtshona atsho ancama xa ayezama ukuvelisa izityalo ezitsha ngokuguqula imizila yemfuza. Zonke izityalo ezaguqulwa imizila yemfuza zafa okanye zaba buthathaka kunezo zemvelo.”f

Sekunjalo, inkcazelo ngoku efunyenweyo kuphando lweminyaka enokuba li-100 yokuguqulwa kwemizila yemfuza kuzo zonke izinto nophando lweminyaka engama-70 yokuguqula imizila yemfuza kwizilwanyana luye lwazinceda izazinzulu zafikelela kwisigqibo ngenkqubo yokuveliswa kweendidi ezintsha zezinto eziphilayo ngokuguqulwa kwemizila yemfuza. Emva kokuhlolisisa le nkcazelo, uLönnig ugqiba ngelithi: “[Izityalo okanye izilwanyana] azinakuvelisa uhlobo olutsha lwemveliso okanye inzala ngokuguqulwa kwemizila yazo yemfuza. Esi sigqibo sivumelana nawo onke amalinge nophando lokuguqulwa kwemizila yemfuza olwenziwe kwinkulungwane yama-20 kunye nemithetho yemvelo. Ngoko ke, umthetho wokuguquka okufanayo uthetha ukuba imizila yemfuza inemiqathango engenakucimeka okanye nengenakutyeshelwa ngokuguqulwa kwemizila yemfuza.”

Makhe sicinge ngokuthethwa yile nkcazelo. Ukuba izazinzulu ezingoomakhwekhwetha azikwazi kuvelisa iindidi ezintsha zezinto eziphilayo ngokuguqula imizila yemfuza ngendlela ezifuna ngayo, kubonakala kungenakwenzeka ukuba oku kunokusuka nje kuzenzekele ngokuphumelelayo. Ukuba uphando lubonisa ukuba akunakuveliswa udidi olutsha lwento ephilayo ngokuguqulwa kwemizila yemfuza, kumele ukuba kuthiwa yenzeka njani indaleko enkulu?

Ngaba Indalo Iyazikhethela Ize Idale Into Entsha?

UDarwin wayekholelwa ukuba indalo ikhetha ukuvelisa izinto eziphila kuloo ndawo zikuyo, ngoxa izinto eziphila nzima kwindawo ethile zisifa. Oonondaleko bale mihla bafundisa ukuba njengokuba izinto eziphilayo zinwenwela kwezinye iindawo zize zibe kude kwezinye, indalo ikhetha ezo ukuguquka kwemizila yazo yemfuza kuzenze zakwazi ukuphila kwindawo entsha ezikuyo. Ngenxa yoko, izazi ngendaleko zithi, ezo zinto zikude nezinye ekugqibeleni zivelisa iintlobo ezintsha zezinto eziphilayo.

Njengokuba sibonile ngaphambilana, ubungqina bophando bubonisa ukuba izinto eziphilayo azikwazi ukuvelisa iindidi ezintsha. Sekunjalo, oonondaleko banabungqina buphi ukuxhasa ingcamango yokuba indalo ikhetha izinto eziye zakwazi ukuguqula imizila yazo yemfuza ukuze ivelise iindidi ezintsha zezinto eziphilayo? Incwadana enemifanekiso yowe-1999 yeNational Academy of Sciences (NAS) eMerika ithi: “Umzekelo obalaseleyo [wokudaleka kweendidi ezintsha] ngowoononkxwe abaziindidi ezili-13 abahlolwa ngokaDarwin kwiZiqithi iGalápagos, ngoku ababizwa ngokuba ngoononkxwe bakaDarwin (Darwin’s finches).”

Ngeminyaka yee-1970, iqela labaphandi elalikhokelwa nguPeter noRosemary Grant laqalisa ukuphonononga olu hlobo lweentaka laza lafumanisa ukuba emva konyaka wembalela, kusinde oononkxwe abanemilomo emikhulu abaninzi kunabo banemilomo emincinane. Ekubeni ubukhulu nokumila kwemilomo iyenye yezinto eziphambili ukwahlula ezi ndidi zili-13 zoononkxwe, kukho inkolelo yokuba oku kufunyenweyo kubalulekile. Le ncwadana inemifanekiso ihlabela mgama isithi: “AbakwaGrant baqikelela ukuba xa kunokubakho imbalela kube kanye kwiminyaka eli-10 kwezi ziqithi, kunokuvela uhlobo olutsha loononkxwe kuphela emva kweminyaka enokuba ngama-200.

Noko ke, le ncwadana inemifanekiso yeNAS ayizikhankanyi ezinye zeengongoma ezibalulekileyo kodwa ezibangel’ iintloni. Kwiminyaka eyalandela imbalela, baphinda banda kakhulu oononkxwe abanemilomo emincinane kunabo banemilomo emikhulu. Ngeso sizathu, uPeter Grant noLisle Gibbs osafundayo babhala kulindixesha wenzululwazi iNature ngowe-1987 besithi babone “ukuguquka kwindlela indaleko ekhetha ngayo.” Ngowe-1991, lo kaGrant wabhala esithi, “ezi ntaka ziyimveliso yokuzikhethela kwemvelo yaye ziyanda ziphinde zinciphe” nanini na kuguquka imozulu. Kwakhona abaphandi baphawula ukuba ezinye “iindidi” ezintsha zoononkxwe ziyazalelana zize zivelise amantshontsho aphila ixesha elide kunoonina. UPeter noRosemary Grant bafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba ukuba ezi ntaka ziqhubeka zizalelana, oku kunokuphelela ekubeni “iindidi” ezintsha ezimbini zibe ludidi olunye emva kweminyaka engama-200.

Ngowe-1966, isazinzulu sendaleko uGeorge Christopher Williams wathi: “Ndiva intw’ embi ukuba ingcamango yokuzikhethela kwemvelo yabakho njengenkcazelo yokuguquka kwendaleko. Ingathi le nkcazelo ichaza ukukwazi kwezinto eziphilayo ukuvumelana neemeko eziguquguqukayo.” UJeffrey Schwartz othethela indaleko wabhala esithi ngowe-1999, ukuba inkcazelo kaWilliams ichanile, ukukhetha kwemvelo kusenokuba kunceda iindidi ezahlukeneyo ukuba ziqhelane nokuguquka kweemeko, kodwa “akuvelisi nto intsha.”

Enyanisweni, oononkxwe bakaDarwin abaguquki babe ‘yinto entsha.’ Basengoononkxwe. Ukuzalelana kwabo kubangela amathandabuzo kwiindlela ezisetyenziswa ngabanye oonondaleko ukuchaza iindidi zezinto eziphilayo. Ukongezelela, babonisa nokuba nabona bantu baziingcungela kwinzululwazi banikela ingxelo engachananga ngophando lwabo.

Ngaba Amathambo Ezinto Zakudala Angqinelana Nokuguquka Okukhulu Kwendaleko?

Incwadana enemifanekiso yeNAS ekuthethwe ngayo ngaphambilana ishiya umfundi ecinga ukuba amathambo afunyenwe zizazinzulu angqinelana ngokupheleleyo nokuguquka okukhulu kwendaleko. Le ncwadana ithi: “Kufunyaniswe iindidi ezininzi zezinto eziphilayo phakathi kwentlanzi nezinto eziphila emanzini nasemhlabeni, izinto eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini nezinto ezirhubuluzayo, phakathi kwezinto ezirhubuluzayo nezincancisayo, izilwanyana ezinkulu nezo zincinane kangangokuba kunzima ukuqonda ixesha eyenzeka ngalo inguqulelo.”

La mazwi akacengi solalaphi yaye ayothusa. Ngoba? Ngowama-2004, iNational Geographic yachaza ubungqina bamathambo akudala ‘njengefilimu yendaleko enemifanekiso eli-1 000 nelahlekelwe yengama-999.’ Ngaba umfanekiso omnye oseleyo “kwimifanekiso” eliwaka usenokuba bubungqina benkqubo yokuguquka okukhulu kwendaleko? Enyanisweni yintoni eboniswa ngamathambo akudala? UNiles Eldredge, unondaleko ozingomb’ isifuba uyavuma ukuba le ngxelo ibonisa ukuba kangangexesha elide “incinane okanye akukho nguqulelo indaleko eyenzileyo kwinkoliso yezinto eziphilayo.”

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, izazinzulu ehlabathini lonke ziye zafumana amathambo amakhulu ezilwanyana zakudala anokuba zizigidi ezingama-200 namawaka ezigidi zamathambo amancinane. Abaphengululi abaninzi bayavuma ukuba le nkcazelo ininzi neneenkcukacha ibonisa ukuba zonke iindidi eziphambili zezilwanyana zabakho ngequbuliso yaye phantse zange ziguquke, yaye iindidi ezininzi zaphela ngequbuliso ngendlela ezabakho ngayo. Emva kokuhlolisisa ubungqina bamathambo ezinto zakudala, isazi ngebhayoloji uJonathan Wells ubhala esithi: “Xa kuqwalaselwa izinto ngokohlobo lwazo, iintlanga neendidi zazo, akukhange kubonakale mahluko uphawulekayo. Ukwenza isigqibo ngokusuka kumathambo ezinto zakudala nendlela eziyileke ngayo akuyongcamango exhaswa kangako.”

Indaleko—Ngaba Yinyaniso Okanye Yintsomi?

Kutheni oonondaleko abaninzi nabaziwayo begxininisa kwelokuba ukuguquka okukhulu kwendaleko kuyinto eyenzekayo? Emva kokugxeka ezinye zeengcamango zikaRichard Dawkins, uRichard Lewontin, isazi esivunyiweyo sendaleko wabhala esithi izazinzulu ezininzi zikhetha ukwamkela iingcamango zenzululwazi ezingekho ngqiqweni “kuba sinembopheleleko, imbopheleleko yokukholelwa into esiyibonayo.”g Izazinzulu ezininzi azifuni nokuva ngoMdali olumkileyo, njengokuba uLewontin esitsho, “asifuni nokuba uThixo abek’ umcondo wakhe apha.”

Ngokuphathelele oku, isazi ngentlalo uRodney Stark kwiScientific American kuthiwa wathi: “Kangangeminyaka engama-200 abantu bebekhuthazwa ukuba xa befuna ukuba zizazinzulu bafanele bawaphephe amakhamandela onqulo.” Wongezelela esithi kwiiyunivesithi ekwenziwa kuzo uphando, “amakholwa athula ngathi akakho,” ngoxa “abahedeni bewabek’ amabala.” Ngokutsho kukaStark, “[izazinzulu] eziphambili zibathanda gqitha abahedeni.”

Ukuba uyamkela njengeyinyaniso imfundiso yokuguquka okukhulu kwendaleko, umele ukholelwe ukuba izazinzulu ezithi uThixo akanakwaziwa nezithi uThixo akakho azinakuvumela iinkolelo zazo ziphembelele uphando lwazo lwenzululwazi. Umele ukholelwe ukuba zonke izinto ezintsonkothileyo eziphilayo zibekho ngokuguquka kwemizila yemfuza nokuzikhethela kwemvelo, nangona uphando lweminyaka elikhulu, ukuhlolisisa amawaka ezigidi ezinto ekuthiwa ziguqukile kubonisa ukuba akukhange kuguqule nanye into yantsha ngokupheleleyo. Umele ukholelwe ukuba zonke izidalwa ziguquke ngokuthe ngcembe zisuka kukhokho omnye, nangona amathambo ezinto zakudala ebonisa ukuba inkoliso yezinto eziphilayo yavela ngequbuliso yaye ayizange iguquke ize ibe yenye into, nakwixesha elide ngaphambili. Ngaba ukukholelwa okunjalo kubonakala kusekelwe kubungqina obuyinyaniso? Okanye, ngaba kukukholelwa intsomi?

[Imibhalo esemazantsi]

[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 15]

“Ukuguqulwa kwemizila yemfuza akunakuguqula [isityalo okanye isilwanyana] sibe yinto entsha ngokupheleleyo”

[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 16]

Oononkxwe bakaDarwin bangqina ukuba izinto eziphilayo zizivumelanisa nokuguquka kwemozulu

[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 17]

Amathambo ezinto zakudala angqina ukuba zonke izilwanyana eziphambili zavela ngequbuliso yaye phantse azizange ziguquke

[Isicangca esikwiphepha 14]

(Ukuba ufuna inkcazelo ehlahlelwe kakuhle, yiya kwimpapasho)

INDLELA EZAHLULWA NGAYO IZINTO EZIPHILAYO

Izinto eziphilayo zahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amakhulu, ukususela kwizidalwa ezithile ukusa kumaqela amakhulu.h Ngokomzekelo, khawuthelekise indlela abantu neempukane ezidweliswe ngezantsi.

ABANTU IIMPUKANE EZINKULU

Uhlobo Banamhlanje Drosophila

Udidi Izilwanyana ezanyisayo Izinambuzane

Iqela Elikhulu Izilwanyana Izilwanyana

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

[Inkcazelo]

Isicanga esisekelwe kwincwadi ethi Icons of Evolution—Science or Myth? Why Much of What We Teach About Evolution Is Wrong, kaJonathan Wells.

[Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 15]

Impukane enkulu eveliswe ngokuguqulwa kwemizila yemfuza (ngasentla), ngoxa icekethekile, iseyimpukane

[Inkcazelo]

© Dr. Jeremy Burgess/Photo Researchers, Inc.

[Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 15]

Kumalinge aphindaphindiweyo okuguqula imizila yemfuza yesityalo kufunyaniswa ukuba izityalo ezitsha ziye zancipha, ngoxa uhlobo lwesityalo esiguqulwayo besiqhubeka sivela. (Isityalo esiguqulwe imizila yemfuza sibonakala sineentyatyambo ezinkulu)

[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 13]

From a Photograph by Mrs. J. M. Cameron/U.S. National Archives photo

[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 16]

Iintloko zoononxwe: © Dr. Jeremy Burgess/Photo Researchers, Inc.

[Inkcazelo Ngemifanekiso ekwiphepha 17]

Idinosaur: © Pat Canova/Index Stock Imagery; izinto zakudala: GOH CHAI HIN/AFP/Getty Images

Kutheni Sikholelwa Ukuba Ukho UMdali?

Iingcali ezininzi kwimibandela engokwenzululwazi ziyaqonda ukuba ukho umyili okrelekrele owenze indalo. Kusengqiqweni kuzo ukukholelwa ukuba ubomi abukhange bubekho ngamabona-ndenzile. Ngenxa yoko, izazinzulu nabaphengululi abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba uMdali ukho.

Ezinye zazo ziye zaba ngamaNgqina kaYehova. Zeyisekile kukuba uThixo weBhayibhile nguMyili noMenzi womhlaba. Kutheni ziye zafikelela kweso sigqibo? Abapapashi bakaVukani! baye babuza ezinye zazo. Uya kuphawula ukuba indlela eziphendula ngayo ibangel’ umdla.a

“Izinto Ezintsonkothileyo Nezingenakuthelekiswa Nanto Zendalo”

◼ WOLF-EKKEHARD LÖNNIG

INGXELO YOBOMI: Kule minyaka ingama-28 idluleyo bendisisazinzulu sezityalo. Iminyaka engama-21 kulo minyaka, bendisebenzela iMax-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research eCologne, eJamani. Kwakhona phantse iminyaka engamashumi amathathu ndingumdala kwibandla lamaNgqina kaYehova.

Ukuphanda ngezityalo, kuquka ukufunda imibandela yebhayoloji, njengenzululwazi ngokusebenza kwamalungu omzimba nenzululwazi ngokubunjwa kwezilwanyana nezityalo kwenza ndibone indlela ezintsonkothe ngayo nendlela ezingenakuthelekiswa nanto ngayo izinto zendalo. Ukufunda kwam ngale mibandela kuye kwandiqinisekisa ngakumbi ukuba ubomi buvela kumyili okrelekrele.

Izazinzulu ziyakubona ukuntsonkotha kwezinto ezidaliweyo. Kodwa ezi zibakala zibangel’ umdla ngokuqhelekileyo bazichaza ngendlela exhasa indaleko. Noko ke, mna ndicinga ukuba iingxoxo nxamnye nengxelo yendalo eseBhayibhileni ayichananga xa ichazwa ngendlela izazinzulu eziyicacisa ngayo. Ndiye ndazihlola ezi ngxoxo, ukutyhubela amashumi eminyaka. Emva kokufunda ngokucokisekileyo ngezinto eziphilayo nokuqwalasela indlela imithetho elawula ummandla wendalo elungelelaniswe ngayo ukuze izinto ziphile, ndinyanzelekile ukuba ndikholelwe kuMdali.

“Nto Nganye Endiyibonayo Inesizathu Sokuba Ibekho”

◼ BYRON LEON MEADOWS

INGXELO YOBOMI: Ndihlala eUnited States yaye ndisebenzela iNational Aeronautics and Space Administration kwisebe lelaser physics. Ngoku umsebenzi endiwenzayo, ngowokuphuhlisa ubugcisa bokuphucula imeko-bume yehlabathi lonke, imozulu nezinye izinto ezikwisijikelezi-langa. Ndingumdala kwibandla lamaNgqina kaYehova eKilmarnock, kummandla waseVirginia.

Xa ndiphanda, ndiye ndikhangele indlela imigaqo yenzululwazi esebenza ngayo. Ndifuna ukwazi ukuba ezinye izinto zenzeka njani yaye kutheni zisenzeka nje. Kumsebenzi endiwenzayo, ndifumene ubungqina obucacileyo bokuba yonke into endiyibonayo inesizathu sokuba ibekho. Ndikholelwa ukuba kusengqiqweni ngokwenzululwazi ukwamkela ukuba izinto zonke zidalwe nguThixo. Imithetho yendalo ilungelelene yaye oko kundenza ndikholelwe ukuba ukho uMlungiseleli, uMdali oyibekileyo.

Ukuba icacile into yokuba zinto zadalwa, kutheni izazinzulu ezininzi zikholelwa kwindaleko? Akungebi kukuba abo bakholelwa kwindaleko bafikelela kwisigqibo bengekabufumani ubungqina? Asinto ingaqhelekanga leyo kwizazinzulu. Kodwa ukukhangela into ethile, enoba kweyisela kangakanani, akusenzi sifikelele kwisigqibo esifanelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, umntu ophanda ngelaser physics unokubetha ngenqindi phantsi esithi ukukhanya kufana namaza esandi, kuba nje ukukhanya kufana neliza. Noko ke, isigqibo sakhe sisenokungachani ngenxa yokuba kukho obunye ubungqina obubonisa ukuba ukukhanya kufana neephotons. Ngokufanayo, abo bakholelwa kwindaleko abakukholelwayo kusekelwe kubungqina obungaphelelanga yaye bavumela indlela abacinga ngayo iphembelele indlela ababujonga ngayo obo bungqina.

Ingumnqa kum into yokuba umntu amkele ingcamango yendaleko, kuba kwanabo bazibanga “beziingcali” zendaleko bayaphikisana ngendlela indaleko eyenzeka ngayo. Ngokomzekelo, ngaba ungayamkela into yokuba incutshe ezithile zezibalo zithi xa umdibanisa isi-2 nesi-2 kuphuma isi-4, ngoxa ezinye zisithi kuphuma isi-3 okanye isi-6? Ukuba kwinzululwazi kwamkelwa into enobungqina, eye yavavanywa yaza yaphinda yaveliswa, ngoko ke ingcamango yokuba zonke izinto eziphilayo zivela kukhokho omnye ayivisisani nenzululwazi.

“Akukho Nto Inokusuka Nje Izivelele”

◼ KENNETH LLOYD TANAKA

INGXELO YOBOMI: Ndisisazinzulu ngokwakhiwa komhlaba yaye ngoku ndisebenzela iU.S. Geological Survey eFlagstaff, eArizona. Phantse ibe yiminyaka engama-30 ndiphanda ngokwakhiwa komhlaba kuquka nokwakhiwa kwesijikelezi-langa. Amanqaku amaninzi endiye ndaphanda kuwo neemaphu ezibonisa indlela uMars owakhiwe ngayo ziye zapapashwa koolindixesha abaziwayo bezazinzulu. Njengokuba ndiliNgqina likaYehova, ndichitha iiyure ezingama-70 nyanga nganye ndikhuthaza abantu ukuba bafunde iBhayibhile.

Ndafundiswa ngendaleko, kodwa ndandingayamkeli into yokuba amandla angathethekiyo afunekayo ukudala indalo anokubakho nje, kungekho Mdali unamandla. Akukho nto ivela kwinto engekhoyo. Kwakhona ndiye ndafumanisa ukuba iBhayibhile nayo ithi kukho uMdali. Le ncwadi inemizekelo emininzi evumelana nenzululwazi, njengothi umhlaba usisazinge nokuba uxhonywe “kokungento.” (Yobhi 26:7; Isaya 40:22) Ezi zibakala zabhalwa eBhayibhileni kude kudala ngaphambi kokuba abantu bafumane ubungqina bazo.

Cinga nje ngendlela esenziwe ngayo. Sineziva-mvo, siyabuqonda ubuntu bethu, sinengqondo ekrelekrele, siyakwazi ukuncokola yaye sineemvakalelo. Sinokuziva sithandwa size sibonise uthando kwabanye. Indaleko ayinakuzichaza ukuba ezi mpawu sazifumana njani.

Zibuze, ‘Ithembeke kangakanani imithombo yenkcazelo esetyenziswayo ukuze kuxhaswe indaleko?’ Ingxelo ngenzululwazi ngokwakhiwa komhlaba ayiphelelanga, intsonkothile yaye iyadida. Abantu abakholelwa kwindaleko baye basilela ukuza nobungqina beengcamango zabo besebenzisa inzululwazi. Ngoxa izazinzulu ngokuqhelekileyo zinobuchule ekuphandeni ukuze zifumane ubungqina, ziye zizingce xa zichaza oko ziye zakufumanisa. Izazinzulu zaziwa ngokuxhasa iimbono zazo xa zingaqinisekanga ngenkcazelo eziyifumeneyo okanye xa zingavumelani. Imisebenzi yazo nendlela ezivakalelwa ngayo zezona zinto zibalulekileyo.

Njengesazinzulu nanjengomfundi weBhayibhile, ndiye ndaphanda ndifuna inyaniso ngezibakala ezaziwayo nezinto esizibonayo, oko kuye kwandenza ndafikelela kulwazi oluchanileyo. Kusengqiqweni kum ukukholelwa kuMdali.

“Ubungqina Bendlela Iseli Eyenziwe Ngayo”

◼ PAULA KINCHELOE

INGXELO YOBOMI; Ndineminyaka eliqela ndiphanda ngeeseli, ngokwakhiwa kweemolekyuli, ndikwasisazi ngezidalwa ezingenakubonwa ngeliso lenyama. Ngoku ndisebenzela iEmory University, eAtlanta, eGeorgia, eUnited States. Ndikwangumfundisi weBhayibhile ongahlawulwayo, kwindawo ekuthethwa kuyo isiRashiya.

Njengenxalenye yezifundo zam zokwakhiwa kweemolekyuli, kangangeminyaka emine bendifunda ngeeseli nangamalungu azo. Okukhona ndifunda ngeDNA, iRNA, iiprotini nendlela iiseli ezifumana ngayo izondlo, okukhona ndibamb’ ongezantsi ngokuntsonkotha, ukulungelelana nokuchana kwazo. Ngoxa ndandichukumisekile yindlela abantu abaye bafunda ngayo ngeeseli, ndachukumiseka ngakumbi kukuphawula ukuba kusafuneka befunde okungakumbi. Indlela iseli eyenziwe ngayo sesinye sezizathu esibangela ukuba ndikholelwe kuThixo.

Ukufunda kwam iBhayibhile kuye kwatyhila ukuba ngubani lo Mdali—nguYehova uThixo. Ndeyisekile kukuba akanguye nje uMyili okrelekrele kodwa unobubele, nguBawo onothando ondixhalabeleyo. IBhayibhile iyasichazela injongo yobomi yaye ikwasichazela nangethemba lekamva elonwabisayo.

Ulutsha olusesikolweni olufundiswa ngendaleko lusenokungaqiniseki ngento omaluyikholelwe. Ukuba lukholelwa kuThixo, ukholo lwalo luseluvavanyweni kuba lufundiswa ngendaleko. Kodwa lusenokumelana nolo vavanyo ngokujonga indalo esingqongileyo nokuqhubeka lufunda ngoMdali nangeempawu zakhe. Ndiye ndakwenza oko yaye ndiye ndafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba ingxelo yeBhayibhile yendalo ichanile kwaye ayingqubani nenzululwazi echanileyo.

“Imithetho Elula Kodwa Egqwesileyo”

◼ ENRIQUE HERNÁNDEZ LEMUS

INGXELO YOBOMI: Ndingumlungiseleli wexesha elizeleyo wamaNgqina kaYehova. Ndikwasiso nesazinzulu sezibalo, ndisebenza kwiNational University of Mexico. Umsebenzi endiwenzayo ubandakanya ukufumana inkcazelo ecacileyo ngenkqubo engokukhula kweenkwenkwezi ezisuka komnye umnyele zisiya komnye. Ndakhe ndasebenza nangokuntsonkotha kwe-DNA.

Ubomi buntsonkothile ukuba kungathiwa buye bakho nje ngamabona-ndenzile. Ngokomzekelo, cinga nje ngobungakanani benkcazelo ekwimolekyuli ye-DNA. Ngokwezibalo zemathematika ithuba lokuba ichromosome enye ivele nje ibekho zizigidi zezigidi ezisithoba, nto leyo engenakwenzeka. Ndicinga ukuba kububudenge ukukholelwa ukuba zonke izinto ezintsonkothileyo ezikwizinto eziphilayo zinokuvela nje zibekho xa kungenakwenzeka ukuba kwanechromosome nje enye izivelele.

Ukongezelela, xa ndifunda ngento entsonkothileyo, ukususela nje kwiimfikimfelana ukusa kumafu amakhulu aneenkwenkwezi, ndichukumisekile yaye ibangel’ umdla imithetho elawula ukushukuma kwazo. Le mithetho isibonisa okungakumbi kuneNgcali Yezibalo—ifana nokutyobela koMzobi oyiNcutshe.

Abantu bayamangaliswa xa ndibaxelela ukuba ndiliNgqina likaYehova. Ngamanye amaxesha bayandibuza ukuba ndikholelwa njani kuThixo. Ndiyayiqonda into ebangela ukuba bavakalelwe ngale ndlela, kuba iicawa ezininzi aziwakhuthazi amarhamente ukuba afune ubungqina bezinto azifundiswayo okanye aphande ngeenkolelo zawo. Noko ke, iBhayibhile isikhuthaza ukuba sisebenzise “amandla okucinga.” (IMizekeliso 3:21) Bonke ubungqina boMyili okrelekrele obubonakala kwindalo, kuquka nobungqina obuseBhayibhileni buyandiqinisekisa ukuba uThixo ukho nokuba uyayiphulaphula imithandazo yethu.

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 22]

Umfanekiso kaMars ongasentla: Courtesy USGS Astrogeology Research Program, http://astrogeology.usgs.gov

Ulungelelwano Olumangalisayo Kwizityalo

NGABA ukhe waphawula ukuba izityalo ezininzi zikhula zilandela ulungelelwano oluthile? Ngokomzekelo, ipayina linamaxolo ali-8 ayila isangqa nama-5 okanye ali-13 akhula esiya kwelinye icala. (Bona umfanekiso 1.) Ukuba ujonge imbewu kajongilanga, usenokubona izangqa ezingama-55 nezingama-89 ezikhula phezu kwezinye mhlawumbi nezingaphezulu. Ezi zangqa usenokuzibona nakwikholiflawa. Xa ukwazi ukuphawula ezi zangqa, kusenokubangel’ umdla ukuya emarikeni. Kutheni izityalo zikhula ngale ndlela? Ngaba kukho into ebalulekileyo ngenani lezi zangqa?

Zikhula Njani Izityalo?

Inkoliso yezityalo ikhula amalungu amatsha, njengesiqu, amagqabi neentyatyambo, izinto ezivela kumbindi waso omncinane obizwa ngokuba yimeristem. Ilungu ngalinye elivelayo elibizwa ngokuba yiprimordium, likhula lisuka embindini liye kwelinye icala xa uthelekisa nelinye ilungu elitsha elikhulileyo.a (Bona umfanekiso 2.) Inkoliso yezityalo ivelisa ilungu elitsha elikwiengile eyila isangqa. Yiyiphi loo engile?

Khawucinge ngale ngxaki: Khawuzibone uzama ukuyila isityalo ukuze amalungu amatsha akhule ngolungelelwano kuze kungabikho sithuba. Masithi ukhetha ukuba ilungu elitsha likhule kwelinye icala lelinye ilungu elikhulayo. Ingxaki oya kujamelana nayo kukuba ilungu lesihlanu liya kukhula kwindawo efanayo yaye lijonge kwicala elifanayo. Loo malungu aya kwakha imiqolo enezithuba phakathi kweminye imiqolo. (Bona umfanekiso 3.) Inyaniso ikukuba, nawuphi na umqolo uya kuba nezithuba ezingavalekanga. Kuphela yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-“golden angle” amaqoqo ali-137,5 avala sonke isithuba. (Bona umfanekiso 5.) Yintoni ebangela ukuba le engile ibe yekhethekileyo?

Kaloku le engile ikhethekile kuba ayinakuchazwa njengenxalenye yomjikelo nje oqhelekileyo. Iceba elisisi-5/8 lisondele, kanti elisisi-8/13 lisondele ngakumbi, nelili-13/21 lisondele ngakumbi, kodwa alikho iceba elingena gingci. Ngoko ke, xa kukhula ilungu elitsha kwiengile ethile, alikho ilungu eliya kuze likhule lijonge kwicala elifanayo. (Bona umfanekiso 4.) Oku kuphumela ekubeni kungaze kubekho amalungu akhula ejongene ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa abumba isangqa.

Okumangalisayo kukuba, xa ezi engile zenziwe ngekhompyutha, zibumba isangqa esibonakalayo xa kuphela zenziwe kanye ngokuchanileyo. Ukuba kwenzeka impazamo enoba incinane kangakanani na, konke konakele.—Bona umfanekiso 5.

Mangaphi Amagqabi Entyatyambo?

Okubangel’ umdla kukuba inani lezangqa ezibangelwa ngamalungu amatsha akhulayo lisekelwe kweyona engile ichanileyo ngokuqhelekileyo eba linani ekuthiwa lelikaFibonacci. Eli nani lafunyanwa ngenkulungwane ye-13 sisazi semathematika saseItali uLeonardo Fibonacci. Eli nani lifumaneka ngale ndlela, inani ngalinye emva kwesinye lilingana nenani lokuqala nelesibini xa edityanisiwe, okuthetha ukuthi—1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, njalo njalo.

Inani leentyatyambo kwizityalo ezininzi lidla ngokulingana nenani likaFibonacci. Kuyamangalisa ukufumanisa ukuba ngokuqhelekileyo irozi yasendle neebuttercup ziba inamagqabi ezi-5, iidelphinium ezisi-8, iimarigold ezili-13, iiaster ezingama-21, iidaisy eziqhelekileyo ezingama-34, kanti zona iiMichaelmas daisy ezingama-55 okanye ezingama-89. (Bona umfanekiso 6.) Iziqhamo nemifuno nayo idla ngokuba nento ethile evumelana neli nani likaFibonacci. Ngokomzekelo, xa umthi webhanana uhlahlelwa uba namacandelo amahlanu.

“Yonk’ Into Uyenze Yantle”

Abazobi kudala baphawula ukuba ukudweliswa kwezinto nge-engile echanileyo kuyabukeka emehlweni. Yintoni ebangela ukuba izityalo zivelise amasebe kanye ngale engile? Abantu abaninzi bagqiba ngelithi lo ngomnye wemizekelo obonisa ubukrelekrele bokudalwa kwezinto eziphilayo.

Xa beqwalasela indlela eziyilwe ngayo izinto eziphilayo noyolo esilufumanayo kuzo, abaninzi bamothulel’ umnqwazi uMdali wazo ofuna ukuba sonwabe. Ithetha ngoMdali wethu iBhayibhile ithi: “Yonk’ into uyenze yantle ngexesha layo.”—INtshumayeli 3:11.

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

[Imizobo ekwiphepha 24, 25]

Umfanekiso 1

(Yiya kwimpapasho)

Umfanekiso 2

(Yiya kwimpapasho)

Umfanekiso 3

(Yiya kwimpapasho)

Umfanekiso 4

(Yiya kwimpapasho)

Umfanekiso 5

(Yiya kwimpapasho)

Umfanekiso 6

(Yiya kwimpapasho)

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 24]

Umfanekiso omkhulu wemeristem

[Inkcazelo]

R. Rutishauser, University of Zurich, Switzerland

[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 25]

Iintyatyambo ezimhlophe: Thomas G. Barnes @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database

Ngaba Kubalulekile Oko Ukukholelwayo?

NGABA ucinga ukuba ubomi bunayo injongo? Ukuba indaleko yinyaniso, amazwi acatshulwe kulindixesha iScientific American ebeya kuba yinyaniso: “Indlela esiyiqonda ngayo indaleko namhlanje ibonisa . . . ukuba ubomi abunayo injongo.”

Makhe siqwalasele intsingiselo yalo mazwi. Ukuba ubomi bebungenanjongo, ubuya kuzama ukwenza izenzo ezintle uze mhlawumbi udlulisele ezo mpawu zintle zikwimizila yakho yemfuza kwisizukulwana esilandelayo. Ukufa kwakho bekuya kuthetha ukungabikho kwakho ngonaphakade. Amandla okucinga, ukuqiqa nokucamngca ngenjongo yobomi ebeya kuba abakho ngempazamo.

Akuphelelanga apho. Abantu abaninzi abakholelwa kwindaleko baqiqa ngelithi uThixo akakho okanye akangeneleli kwimicimbi yabantu. Bakwathi, ikamva lethu lixhomekeke kwiinkokeli zopolitiko, kwizifundiswa nakubefundisi. Kodwa xa sikhangela kwimbali yabo, izidubedube, iimpikiswano nobuqhetseba nto ezo eziye zonakalisa ibutho labantu beziya kuqhubeka. Ukuba ngokwenene indaleko yinyaniso, bekuya kubakho izizathu ezininzi ezibangela ukuba abantu baphile ubomi bokuzibhubhisa, besithi: “Masidle size sisele, kuba ngomso siza kufa.”—1 Korinte 15:32.

Ngokuqinisekileyo bekuya kuba njalo. AmaNgqina kaYehova akakholelwa kumazwi akhankanywe ngaphambilana. Kwakhona akakholelwa kwimvelaphi yala mazwi—indaleko. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, amaNgqina akholelwa ukuba iBhayibhile iyinyaniso. (Yohane 17:17) Ngoko ke, ayakukholelwa oko kuthethwa yiyo ngendlela eseza ngayo apha emhlabeni: “Ukuwe [Thixo] umthombo wobomi.” (INdumiso 36:9) La mazwi abalulekile.

Ubomi bunayo injongo. UMdali wethu onothando unenjongo ngabo bakhetha ukuphila ngokuvisisana nokuthanda kwakhe. (INtshumayeli 12:13) Loo njongo iquka idinga lobomi kwihlabathi elingenazidubedube, iimfazwe, ubuqhetseba nokufa. Izigidi zamaNgqina kaYehova ehlabathini lonke zinobungqina bokuba ukufunda ngoThixo nokwenza ukuthanda kwakhe kwenza uphile ubomi obunenjongo ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na enye into!—Yohane 17:3.

Ngokuqinisekileyo kubalulekile oko ukukholelwayo, kuba kuchaphazela ulonwabo lwakho ngoku nakwixesha elizayo. Umele uzikhethele. Ngaba ungayikholelwa inkcazelo eye yasilela ukuza nobungqina ngendlela umhlaba owenziwe ngayo? Okanye ngaba uya kwamkela oko iBhayibhile ikuthethayo, njengokuba umhlaba nezinto ezikuwo zenziwe nguMyili obalaseleyo—uYehova, uThixo ‘owadala zonke izinto?’—ISityhilelo 4:11.

Imbono YeBhayibhile

Ngaba Inzululwazi Nengxelo YeGenesis Ziyaphikisana?

ABANTU abaninzi balilisela ngelithi inzululwazi ayivumelani nengxelo yendalo eseBhayibhileni. Kodwa ezona zinto zingqubanayo yinzululwazi neenkolelo zabo bazibanga bengamaKristu kodwa ingeyiyo iBhayibhile. Ezinye iicawa, zixoka, zithi iBhayibhile ifundisa ukuba, yonke indalo yadalwa ngeentsuku ezintandathu, iiyure ezingama-24 suku ngalunye malunga neminyaka engama-10 000 eyadlulayo.

Noko ke, iBhayibhile ayivumelani naloo mfundiso. Ukuba ibivumelana nayo, oko kuthetha ukuthi okwafunyaniswa zizazinzulu ezininzi ebudeni beminyaka elikhulu edluleyo bekuya kuyingqina iBhayibhile ibubuxoki. Ukuyifunda ngokucokisekileyo iBhayibhile kwenza singaboni mahluko koko kuye kwafunyaniswa zizazinzulu. Ngenxa yeso sizathu amaNgqina kaYehova akavumelani noko kuthethwa ngabo bazibanga “bengamaKristu” nabo bakholelwa ukuba indalo yabakho ngeentsuku ezintandathu ezineeyure ezingama-24. Makhe sibone oko ngokwenene kufundiswa yiBhayibhile.

Kwakunini “Ekuqaleni?”

IGenesis ithi: “Ekuqaleni uThixo wadala amazulu nomhlaba.” (Genesis 1:1) Abaphengululi beBhayibhile bayavuma ukuba le ndinyana ichaza okwahlukileyo koko kuchazwe kwindinyana 3 nakwezinye ezilandelayo. Intsingiselo yayo ibalulekile kakhulu. Indinyana yokuqala ithi, ummandla wendalo, kuquka nesijikelezi-langa sethu uMhlaba, sasikho ngaphambi kokuba kuqale iintsuku ezintandathu zokudala.

Izazi ngembali yomhlaba nendalo ziqikelela ukuba umhlaba umalunga neminyaka engamawaka ama-4 ezigidi ukho yaye izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zithi indalo iphela ineminyaka engamawaka ali-15 ezigidi ukho. Ngaba oko ziye zakufumanisa—okanye oko zicinga ukukwenza kwixesha elizayo kuyangqubana noko kukwiGenesis 1:1? Akunjalo. IBhayibhile ayisichazeli ngokungqalileyo ukuba “amazulu nomhlaba” abekho ixesha elide kangakanani. Inzululwazi ayiphikisani nale ndinyana yeBhayibhile.

Zinde Kangakanani Iintsuku Zokudala?

Zinde kangakanani iintsuku zokudala? Ngaba ziiyure ezingama-24 zokoqobo? Abanye bathi ngenxa yokuba uMoses—umbhali wencwadi yeGenesis—kamva wabhekisela kusuku olwalandela olwesithandathu lokudala xa wayethetha ngeveki yeSabatha, ngoko ke suku ngalunye lokudala lufanele lube ziiyure ezingama-24 ubude. (Eksodus 20:11) Ngaba amazwi akwiGenesis ayakuxhasa oku?

Akunjalo. Igama lesiHebhere eliguqulelwe ngokuthi “usuku” alithethi nje kuphela iiyure ezingama-24. Ngokomzekelo, xa uMoses eshwankathela umsebenzi kaThixo wokudala, uzichaza iintsuku ezintandathu zokudala njengosuku olunye. (Genesis 2:4) Ukongezelela, ngosuku lokuqala lokudala, “wakubiza uThixo ukukhanya ngokuthi yiMini, kodwa bona ubumnyama wabubiza ngokuthi buBusuku.” (Genesis 1:5) Apha, kuphela inxalenye ethile yeeyure ezingama-24 ichazwa “njengosuku.” Ngokuqinisekileyo, akukho nto eZibhalweni ethi suku ngalunye lokudala lwaluziiyure ezingama-24.

Ngoko ke, zazinde kangakanani iintsuku zokudala? Amazwi akwiGenesis isahluko 1 nesesi-2 abonisa ukuba ukudala kwathabatha ixesha elithile.

Izinto Zadalwa Ngokuthe Ngcembe

UMoses wabhala ingxelo yakhe ngesiHebhere yaye wayibhala ngokwengqiqo yomntu omi phezu kwegaqa lomhlaba. Ezi zibakala zibini, nokwazi ukuba ummandla womhlaba wawukho ngaphambi kwexesha okanye “iintsuku” zokudala, kusinceda sicombulule impikiswano ebakho xa kuthethwa ngengxelo yendalo. Sinokukwenza njani oko?

Ukuba uyiqwalasela ngokucokisekileyo ingxelo yeGenesis uya kufumanisa ukuba iziganeko ezaqala “kusuku” lokuqala zaqhubeka nakusuku okanye kwiintsuku ezalandelayo. Ngokomzekelo, ngaphambi “kosuku” lokuqala lokudala, ilitha lokukhanya elivela kwilanga elalikade likho, lathintelwa ukuba lingafikeleli kummandla womhlaba, ekungenzeka ukuba laligqunywe zingqimba zamafu. (Yobhi 38:9) Ebudeni ‘bosuku’ lokuqala loo mafu atyhileka kwaza kwakho ukukhanya.a

“Ngosuku” lwesibini imozulu yayintle, kwabakho umahluko phakathi kweengqimba zamafu nolwandle. “Ngosuku” lwesine ilanga nenyanga zazibonakala “esibhakabhakeni samazulu.” (Genesis 1:14-16) Ngamanye amazwi, ilanga nenyanga zakhanyisa emhlabeni. Ezi ziganeko zazisenzeka ngokuthe ngcembe.

Kwakhona ingxelo yeGenesis ithi njengokuba imozulu yayisiya isiba ntle, izidalwa eziphaphazelayo—kuquka izinambuzane nezidalwa ezibhabhayo ezinamaphiko anenwebu—zadalwa “ngosuku” lwesihlanu. Noko ke, iBhayibhile ibonisa ukuba “ngosuku” lwesithandathu, uThixo “wabumba ngomhlaba onke amarhamncwa asendle nazo zonke izidalwa eziphaphazelayo zasemazulwini.”—Genesis 2:19.

Ngokucacileyo iBhayibhile ithetha nangezinye iziganeko ezikhulu ezenzeka “suku” ngalunye, okanye ngexesha lokudala, eziye zenzeka ngokuthe ngcembe, mhlawumbi ezinye zazo ziye zadlulela nakwezinye “iintsuku” zokudala.

Ngokohlobo Lwazo

Ngaba ukudalwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwezityalo nezilwanyana, kuthetha ukuba uThixo wasebenzisa indaleko ukudala izinto eziphilayo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Akunjalo. IGenesis ikubeka ngokucacileyo oku isithi, uThixo wadala zonke “iintlobo” zezityalo nezilwanyana. (Genesis 1:11, 12, 20-25) Ngaba ezi “ntlobo” zezityalo nezilwanyana zadalwa zakwazi ukumelana nemozulu etshintsha umhla nezolo? Yintoni eyahlula “uhlobo” ngalunye? IBhayibhile ayisixeleli. Noko ke, isixelela ukuba izidalwa eziphilayo ‘zinyakazela emanzini ngokohlobo lwazo.’ (Genesis 1:21) La mazwi abonisa ukuba ukutshintshatshintsha, kwezinto “ngokohlobo” lwazo kunomda. Izinto zamandulo ezifunyenweyo nophando lwale mihla luxhasa imbono yokuba izityalo nezilwanyana ziye zatshintsha kancinane ebudeni beminyaka emininzi.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko kuthethwa ngabo bazibanga bengamaKristu, iGenesis ayifundisi ukuba ummandla wendalo, umhlaba nazo zonke izinto eziphilayo, zadalwa ngexesha nje elifutshane, kungekudala kangako. Kunoko, iGenesis ichaza ukuba indlela ekwadalwa ngayo iyavumelana noko kuye kwafunyaniswa zizazinzulu.

Ngenxa yeenkolelo zazo, izazinzulu ezininzi ziye zakugatya ukuba zonke izinto zadalwa nguThixo njengokuba iBhayibhile isitsho. Noko ke, okubangel’ umdla kukuba kwincwadi yamandulo yeBhayibhile, iGenesis, uMoses wabhala wathi, indalo inesiqalo, izinto zadalwa ngokwamanqanaba, ngokuqhubekayo yaye zadalwa ebudeni bexesha elide. UMoses wayifumana njani inkcazelo echane ngolo hlobo ekubeni kwakusele kudlule iminyaka engama-3 500 kudaliwe? Kukho isizathu esinye esivakalayo. Lowo unamandla nobulumko bokudala amazulu nomhlaba ngokuqinisekileyo nguye oye wanika uMoses olo lwazi luchanileyo. Oku kusinika isizathu esivakalayo sokuthi iBhayibhile “iphefumlelwe nguThixo.”—2 Timoti 3:16.

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

NGABA WAKHA WAZIBUZA?

◼ UThixo wawudala nini umhlaba?—Genesis 1:1.

◼ Ngaba umhlaba wadalwa ngeentsuku ezintandathu, usuku olunye luneeyure ezingama-24?—Genesis 2:4.

◼ Kwakutheni ukuze iincwadi zikaMoses ngokuphathelele isiqalo somhlaba zivisisane nenzululwazi?—2 Timoti 3:16

[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 19]

IGenesis ayifundisi ukuba indalo iphela yadalwa ngexesha nje elifutshane kungekudala kangako

[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 20]

“Ekuqaleni uThixo wadala amazulu nomhlaba.”—Genesis 1:1

[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 18]

Isibhakabhaka: IAC/RGO/David Malin Images

[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 20]

Ifoto yeNASA

Abantu Abaselula Bayabuza . . .

Ndinokukuthethelela Njani Ukukholelwa Kwam Kwindalo?

“Xa kwakuthethwa ngendaleko eklasini ndaphawula ukuba kwakuthethwa ngento eyahlukileyo kuleyo ndandiyifundisiwe. Yayichazwa ngokungathi iyinyaniso nto leyo yayindoyikisa.”—URyan, oneminyaka eli-18 ubudala.

“Xa ndandineminyaka eli-12 ubudala, utitshalakazi owayendifundisa wayengumxhasi onenzondelelo wendaleko. Wade wanophawu lukaDarwin emotweni yakhe! Oko kwandenza ndathandabuza ukuthetha ngoko ndikukholelwayo ngendalo.”—UTyler, oneminyaka eli-19 ubudala.

“Ndoyika xa utitshalakazi wezifundo zentlalo wathi kwisifundo esilandelayo siza kufunda ngendaleko. Ndandisazi ukuba ndandifanele ndichazele iklasi ngoko ndikukholelwayo ngalo mba kudla ngokuphikiswana ngawo.”—URaquel, oneminyaka eli-14 ubudala.

MHLAWUMBI nawe njengoRyan, uTyler, noRaquel, uye uzive ungakhululekanga xa kuthethwa ngendaleko eklasini. Ukholelwa ukuba uThixo “wadala zonke izinto.” (ISityhilelo 4:11) Izinto ezikungqongileyo zibubungqina bokuba zinomyili okrelekrele. Kodwa iincwadi ezifundwa esikolweni zithi sabakho ngenxa yendaleko nomfundisi-ntsapho ufundisa loo nto. Uyathandabuza enoba unalo na ilungelo lokuphikisana nabantu ekuthiwa “ziingcali” ngalo mba. Abantwana ofunda nabo baza kuthini xa uthetha . . . ngoThixo?

Ukuba imibuzo enjengale iyakukhathaza, mus’ ukuxhalaba! Asinguwe wedwa okholelwa ukuba umntu wadalwa. Isibakala esingenakukhanyelwa sesokuba, kwanezazinzulu ezininzi aziyamkeli le ngcamango yendaleko. Oku kunjalo nangootitshala abaninzi. EUnited States kubafundi abahlanu, abane bakholelwa ukuba kukho uMdali—nakuba iincwadi zesikolo zifundisa ngendaleko!

Sekunjalo, usenokuba uyazibuza, ‘Ndiza kuthini ukuba kunokufuneka ndithethelele ukukholelwa kwam kwindalo?’ Enoba ungumntu oneentloni, unako ukuchaza oko ukukholelwayo ngendalo. Noko ke, kufuneka ulungiselele kwangaphambili.

Zivavanye Ngoko Ukukholelwayo!

Ukuba ukhuliswa ngamaKristu, usenokukholelwa kwindalo kuba nje wafundiswa loo nto. Noko ke, ekubeni ngoku ukhula, ufuna ukunqula uThixo ‘ngamandla akho engqiqo’ unesiseko esiqinileyo kwizinto ozikholelwayo. (Roma 12:1) UPawulos wakhuthaza amaKristu enkulungwane yokuqala ukuba ‘aqiniseke ngezinto zonke.’ (1 Tesalonika 5:21) Ungakwenza njani oko kumbandela wendalo?

Okokuqala, qwalasela oko uPawulos wakuthethayo ngoThixo: “Iimpawu zakhe ezingabonakaliyo zibonwa ngokucacileyo ukususela ekudalweni kwehlabathi kuse phambili, ngenxa yokuba ziqondeka ngezinto ezenziweyo.” (Roma 1:20) Unaloo mazwi engqondweni, cinga ngomzimba womntu, umhlaba, indalo nobunzulu bolwandle. Khawucinge nzulu ngezinambuzane, izityalo, izilwanyana—nayo nayiphi na into ebangel’ umdla kuwe. Wandule ke, usebenzisa ‘amandla akho engqiqo,’ zibuze, ‘Yintoni endenza ndiqiniseke ukuba kukho uMdali?’

Ukuphendula lo mbuzo, uSam oneminyaka eli-14 ubudala ucinga ngomzimba womntu. Uthi: “Umzimba unamalungu amaninzi, untsonkothile yaye onke amalungu awo asebenzisana kakuhle. Umzimba womntu awunakuba wavela ngendaleko!” UHolly oneminyaka eli-16 ubudala uyavumelana noko. Uthi: “Emva kokuba kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba ndinesifo seswekile, ndiye ndafunda okuninzi ngendlela umzimba womntu osebenza ngayo. Ngokomzekelo, iyamangalisa indlela udakada—ilungu elincinane kangaka—anomsebenzi omkhulu ngayo, owokugcina igazi namanye amalungu esebenza.”

Olunye ulutsha luye lawujonga lo mba ngeny’ indlela. UJared oneminyaka eli-19 ubudala uthi: “Kum, eyona nto ebangela ukuba ndikholelwe kwindalo kukuba senziwe sinentswelo yokomoya, siyazixabisa izinto ezintle yaye sinomnqweno wokufunda. Ezo mpawu azinakuba ziyazenzekela, njengokuba indaleko ifundisa njalo. Ekuphela kwenkcazelo esengqiqweni kum yeyokuba sabekwa apha emhlabeni ngumntu othile owayefuna ukuba siphile kamnandi.” UTyler, okhankanywe ekuqaleni kweli nqaku, naye ufikelela kwisigqibo esifanayo. Uthi: “Xa ndiqwalasela indima izityalo ezinayo ekulondolozeni ubomi nendlela entsonkothileyo ezenziwe ngayo, ndiqinisekile ukuba ukho uMdali.”

Kulula ukuthetha ngendalo ukuba uye wacingisisa nzulu waza waqiniseka ngayo. Ngoko ke, njengoSam, uHolly, uJared, noTyler ziphe ixesha uqwalasele umsebenzi omangalisayo wezandla zikaThixo. Wandule ke, “uve” ukuba ezi zinto “zikuxelela” ntoni. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, uya kufikelela kwisigqibo awafikelela kuso uPawulos—sokuba asibobukho nje bukaThixo kodwa neempawu zakhe “ziqondeka ngezinto ezenziweyo.”a

Kwazi Oko Ngokwenene Kufundiswa YiBhayibhile

Ngaphandle kokuqwalasela izinto uThixo azidalileyo, ukuze sikwazi ukuthethelela indlela esikholelwa ngayo kwindalo kufuneka sazi oko ngokwenene kufundiswa yiBhayibhile. Akuyomfuneko ukuba siphikisane ngezinto iBhayibhile engathethiyo ngazo. Khawuhlolisise le mizekelo imbalwa.

◼ Incwadi yam yenzululwazi ithi umhlaba nommandla wesijikelezi-langa ubukho kangangeminyaka engamawaka ezigidi. IBhayibhile ayisichazeli ukuba umhlaba okanye ilanga neenkwenkwezi zibekho ixesha elide kangakanani. Into eyithethayo kukuba indalo yayikho kangangamawaka ezigidi eminyaka ngaphambi “kosuku” lokuqala lokudala.—Genesis 1:1, 2.

◼ Utitshala wam uthi umhlaba awunakuba wadalwa ngeentsuku nje ezintandathu. IBhayibhile ayithi iintsuku ezintandathu zokudala, ziiyure ezingama-24 zokoqobo. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi, bona iphepha 18-20 leli phephancwadi.

◼ Eklasini kwachazwa imizekelo eliqela yendlela izilwanyana nabantu abatshintshe ngayo bazezinye izinto. IBhayibhile ithi uThixo wadala izinto eziphilayo “ngohlobo lwazo.” (Genesis 1:20, 21) Ayiyixhasi imbono yokuba ubomi babakho ngamabona-ndenzile okanye uThixo wadala iseli enye. Sekunjalo, “hlobo” ngalunye lusenokuba neendidi ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, iBhayibhile ivumela utshintsho “kuhlobo” ngalunye.

Qiniseka Ngoko Ukukholelwayo!

Akukho sizathu sokuba uthandabuze okanye ube neentloni ngokukholelwa ukuba izinto zadalwa. Xa sicinga ngobungqina esinabo, kusengqiqweni—kuyavisisana nenzululwazi—ukukholelwa ukuba sadalwa ngumntu okrelekrele. Ekugqibeleni, ufanele ube nokholo oluqine kakhulu ukuze uyikholelwe indaleko nemimangaliso kube kungekho mntu uyenzayo, ngoxa kungenjalo ngokukholelwa kwindalo. Eneneni, emva kokuba ufunde amanye amanqaku kulo Vukani! ngokuqinisekileyo uya kweyiseka kukuba ubungqina buxhasa isibakala sokuba izinto zadalwa. Emva kokuba uwuqwalasele lo mbandela, usebenzisa amandla akho engqiqo, uya kukwazi ukuyithethelela uqinisekile ngakumbi eklasini inkolelo yokuba izinto zadalwa.

URaquel okhankanywe ngaphambili naye wafumanisa oko. Uthi: “Emva nje kweentsuku ezimbalwa ndaqonda ukuba ndifanele ndithethe ngeenkolelo zam. Ndanika umfundisi-ntsapho incwadi ethi Life—How Did It Get Here? By Evolution or by Creation? ezinye iinxalenye zayo ndazikrwelela kuba ndandifuna azifunde. Wathi, le ncwadi imncede wacinga ngenye indlela ngombandela wendaleko yaye uza kuyisebenzisa inkcazelo ekuyo xa efundisa ngalo mbandela!”

Amanye amanqaku athi “Abantu Abaselula Bayabuza” anokufunyanwa kwiWeb site ethi www.watchtower.org/ype

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

OFANELE UCINGE NGAKO

◼ Ziziphi iindlela ezilula onokukuchaza ngazo oko ukukholelwayo ngendalo esikolweni?

◼ Unokulubonisa njani uxabiso ngaLowo udale zonke izinto?—IZenzo 17:26, 27.

[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 27]

“KUKHO UBUNGQINA OBANELEYO”

“Uya kuthini koselula okhule ekholelwa ukuba kukho uMdali kodwa ofundiswa ngendaleko esikolweni?” Lo mbuzo wabuzwa kwisazi ngeentsholongwane esiliNgqina likaYehova. Sathini ukuphendula? Akufanele ukholelwe ukuba uThixo ukho—kuba nje abazali bakho bakufundisa oko, kodwa ukholelwa kuThixo kuba uye wahlolisisa ubungqina waza nawe wafikelela kweso sigqibo. Maxa wambi xa ootitshala becelwa ukuba beze ‘nobungqina’ bendaleko, badla ngokufumanisa ukuba abakwazi, yaye baphawule ukuba baye bamkela nje loo ngcamango kuba bayifundiswa. Kunokwenzeka into efanayo nakuwe okholelwa ukuba kukho uMdali. Kungenxa yeso sizathu lento kubalulekile ukuvavanya ngokwakho ubungqina bokuba uThixo ngokwenene ukho. Kukho ubungqina obaneleyo. Kulula ukubufumana.”

[Ibhokisi/Umfanekiso okwiphepha 28]

“YINTONI EBANGELA UKUBA UQINISEKE?”

Ngezantsi, dwelisa izinto ezintathu wena ezikwenza uqiniseke ukuba uMdali ukho.

1. ․․․․․

2. ․․․․․

3. ․․․․․