Iindonga zeItchan Kala eKhiva
AMAZWE NABANTU
Ukutyelela EUzbekistan
ITRANSOXIANA. ILizwe eliphakathi kweMilambo emibini, iTartary neTurkistan. Lo mmandla uye wabizwa ngamagama amaninzi ibe ngoku kuthiwa yiUzbekistan, “iLizwe lamaUzbek.” Kwangeminyaka yoo-1500, izixeko zaseUzbekistan zaziluncedo kubarhwebi abahamba kwiNdlela yeSilika, eluthotho lweendlela ezazifudula zinxibelelanisa iTshayina neMeditera. Ngoku ngumqhaphu ophala phambili kwimarike yelaphu yaseUzbek. Apha kuthengiswa neekhaphethi ezintle ezenziwe ngomqhaphu, ngewulu okanye ngesilika.
Inkcubeko yamaUzbek iye yaphenjelelwa ngabantu abaninzi ukutyhubela imbali. Amagorha abalaseleyo nemikhosi yawo enamandla yayimatsha kwiintaba nakwiintlango zaseUzbekistan. La magorha ayequka uAleksandire oMkhulu, owaphandlwa nguRoxane kweli lizwe; uGenghis Khan waseMongolia, noTimur (ophinda aziwe ngokuba nguTamerlane) ongumntwana womthonyama owalawula omnye weyona mimandla mikhulu kwimbali.
Isinxibo somthonyama
Namhlanje iidolophu zaseUzbekistan zinezikhumbuzo ezimibalabala ezinophahla olungqukuva oluhonjiswe ngeethayile ezibhlowu. Uninzi lwezi zakhiwo zizikolo.
Indlela Yesilika. Le ndlela yayisele isetyenziswa ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaYesu, de kwaba lixesha lokufumaneka kwendlela ehamba elwandle eya eIndiya ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1500, olu thotho lweendlela zabarhwebi lwaluyinxalenye yeendlela ezazinqumla kweli lizwe laseUzbekistan, lwaba nendima ebalulekileyo kurhwebo lwehlabathi.
Kwenziwa ikhaphethi yesilika
ULwandle LweAral. Ngenxa yokunkcenkceshela, uLwandle lweAral olwalukade lulichibi lesine ngokuba likhulu ehlabathini, ngoku liyatsha. Ilizwe laseUzbekistan lisebenzisana namanye amazwe akuMbindi Asiya azama ukulungisa lo monakalo.
Ukutshintsha kweealfabhethi zaseUzbekistan. Kwakufudulwa kuthethwa iilwimi ezininzi kweli lizwe, kodwa emva kokuba amaSilamsi engene ngonomnganga kwiminyaka yoo-700, kwasetyenziswa indlela yokubhala yesiArabhu. Emva kokuba eli lizwe laba lilungu leSoviet Union, kwasetyenziswa ialfabethi yesiLatin, kwaza ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1930 kwasetyenziswa isiCyrillic. Ngo-1993 kwapasiswa umthetho ogunyazisa ukusetyenziswa kwealfabhethi yesiUzbek, ethatyathelwe kwisiLatin.
Isitendi sokuthengisa kwimarike yesixeko