Yavela phi le ntsomi?

“Izithandi zobulumko zamaKristu zamkela imfundiso yamaGrike yokungafi komphefumlo zaza zathi umphefumlo udalwe nguThixo yaye ufakwa emzimbeni womntu xa ekhawulwa.”—The New Encyclopædia Britannica (1988), Umqulu 11, iphepha 25.

Ifundisa ntoni yona iBhayibhile?

“Umphefumlo owonayo kuya kufa wona.”—Hezekile 18:4, IBhayibhile YesiXhosa.

Mayela nokudalwa komphefumlo wokuqala ongumntu iBhayibhile ithi: “Wandula ke uYehova uThixo wabumba umntu ngothuli lomhlaba waza wavuthela impefumlo yobomi emathatheni akhe, umntu ke waba ngumphefumlo ophilayo [ngesiHebhere, neʹphesh].”—Genesis 2:7.

Igama lesiHebhere uneʹphesh eliguqulelwe ngokuthi “umphefumlo” lithetha ‘isidalwa esiphefumlayo.’ Xa uThixo wayedala umntu wokuqala uAdam akazange amfake umphefumlo ongafiyo kodwa wamnika amandla obomi, lawo siwalondoloza ngokuphefumla. Ngoko ke, ngokweBhayibhile igama elithi “umphefumlo” lithetha isidalwa ngokwaso. Umphefumlo uyafa xa usahlukana namandla awenza uphile owawanikwa nguThixo ekuqaleni.—Genesis 3:19; Hezekile 18:20.

Imfundiso yokungafi komphefumlo yabangela imibuzo emininzi: Iyaphi imiphefumlo xa sisifa? Kwenzeka ntoni kwimiphefumlo yabantu abangendawo? Ukwamkela kwala maKristu awexukileyo intsomi yokungafi komphefumlo kwawenza amkela nenye intsomi—imfundiso yesihogo somlilo.

Funda ezi vesi zeBhayibhile: INtshumayeli 3:19; Mateyu 10:28; IZenzo 3:23.

Yavela phi le ntsomi?

“Kuzo zonke izithandi zobulumko zamaGrike amandulo, uPlato ngoyena waba nempembelelo enamandla kwimfundiso yesiHogo.”—Histoire des enfers (The History of Hell), kaGeorges Minois iphepha 50.

“Ukususela ngenkulungwane yesi-2 Ngexesha Eliqhelekileyo, amaKristu awayefunde intanda bulumko yamaGrike aqalisa ukufakelela iimfundiso zayo xa echaza ukholo lwawo . . . Eyona mfundiso awayibona ifanelekile yayiyekaPlato.”—The New Encyclopædia Britannica (1988), Umqulu 25, kwiphepha 890.

“Imfundiso yeCawa iyakuqinisekisa ukuba isihogo sikho yaye siyakuhlala sikho kude kube ngunaphakade. Imiphefumlo yaboni iya esihogweni besakufa, apho igwetyelwa ‘ukutsha ngonaphakade.’ Ukutshiswa esihogweni kukwahlukaniswa noThixo ngonaphakade.”—Catechism of the Catholic Church, uhlelo lowe-1994, kwiphepha 270.

Ifundisa ntoni yona iBhayibhile?

“Kaloku bona abaphilayo bayazi ukuba baseza kufa, kambe ke bona abafileyo abazi nto, . . . kuba kaloku akwenziwa nto, akucingwa, kungekho lwazi nakulumka engcwabeni apho wena uya khona.”—INtshumayeli 9:5, 10 iBhayibhile YesiXhosa Yowe-1996.

Ezinye iiBhayibhile ziliguqulela ngokuthi “isihogo” igama lesiHebhere uSheol elalithetha “indawo yabafileyo.” Kodwa ke zisifundisa ntoni ezi vesi sizicaphule ngasentla ngemeko yabafileyo? Ngaba bayatsha engcwabeni ukuze bahlawule ngenxa yezono zabo? Akunjalo kuba “abazi nto.” Yiloo nto eyenza usolusapho uYobhi wabongoza uThixo xa wayesezintlungwini ngenxa yokugula okubuhlungu, esithi: “Akwaba ubungandifihla esihogweni [ngesiHebhere Sheol].” (Yobhi 14:13; Douay-Rheims Version) Sasiza kumnceda ngantoni isicelo sakhe sokuba aye eSheol ukuba leyo ibiyindawo abathuthunjiswa ngonaphakade kuyo abantu? NgokweBhayibhile, isihogo lingcwaba nje eliqhelekileyo, ekungenziwa nto kulo.

Ingaba le ndlela esichazwa ngayo isihogo apha ayicacanga ngakumbi yaye ayivumelani neZibhalo? Sisiphi isono, enoba sibi kangakanani, ebesinokwenza uThixo onothando athuthumbise umntu ngonaphakade? (1 Yohane 4:8) Ukuba isihogo somlilo yindawo yasentsomini, ngaba nezulu yindawo yasentsomini?

Funda ezi vesi zeBhayibhile zilandelayo: INdumiso 146:3, 4; IZenzo 2:25-27; Roma 6:7, 23

Yavela phi le ntsomi?

Emva kokufa kwabapostile bakaYesu, ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yesibini yeXesha Eliqhelekileyo kwavela Abaseki BeCawa. INew Catholic Encyclopedia (2003), Umqulu 6, kwiphepha 687 ithi xa ichaza iimfundiso zabo: “Eyona nto yayifundiswa yayikukuba uyolo lwasezulwini lufunyanwa ngumphefumlo ophume emzimbeni ngoko nangoko emva kokuba uye wahlanjululwa.”

Ifundisa ntoni yona iBhayibhile?

“Banoyolo abo banomoya wobulali, kuba baya kuwudla ilifa umhlaba.”—Mateyu 5:5.

Nangona uYesu wathembisa abafundi bakhe ukuba wayeza kubalungiselela indawo ezulwini, akazange athi bonke abantu abalungileyo baza kuya apho. (Yohane 3:13; 14:2, 3) Khumbula ukuba uYesu wathandazela ukuba ukuthanda kukaThixo “kwenziwe emhlabeni, njengasezulwini.” (Mateyu 6:9, 10) Amalungisa aza kuya kwiindawo ezimbini. Iqaqobana lawo liza kulawula ezulwini noKristu, aze amaninzi kuwo aphile apha emhlabeni ngonaphakade.—ISityhilelo 5:10.

Njengoko iminyaka yayihamba, icawa yayitshintsha indima yayo emhlabeni. Lwaphumela entwenini olo tshintsho? IThe New Encyclopædia Britannica ithi: “Icawa yabuthathela indawo uBukumkani bukaThixo obabulindelwe ngabantu.” Icawa yafumana amandla angakumbi ngokungenelela kwipolitiki, ngaloo ndlela igatya isiluleko sikaYesu esicacileyo sokuba abalandeli bakhe babengafanele babe ‘yinxalenye yehlabathi.’ (Yohane 15:19; 17:14-16; 18:36) Icawa yaphenjelelwa nguMlawuli waseRoma uConstantine ukuba ingxenge ezinye zeenkolelo zayo, kuquka nokuba unjani kanye kanye uThixo.

Funda ezi vesi zeBhayibhile: INdumiso 37:10, 11, 29; Yohane 17:3; 2 Timoti 2:11, 12

Yavela phi le ntsomi?

“Imfundiso yokuba uThixo uneziqu ezithathu ifanele ukuba yavela ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane yesine. Le nto iyinyaniso. . . Imfundiso yokuba uThixo uneziqu ezithathu ayizange imiselwe ngokuqinileyo, yaye yayingeyonxalenye yezinto awayezifundisa nawayezikholelwa amaKristu ngaphambi kwenkulungwane yesine.”—New Catholic Encyclopedia (1967), Umqulu 14, kwiphepha 299.

“NgoMeyi 20, ngowe-325 [CE] iBhunga laseNicaea laba nentlanganiso. YayinguConstantine ngenkqu owayongamele loo ntlanganiso yaye nguye owacebisa ukuba . . . kuxwebhu lweenkolelo zecawa olwakhutshwa lelo bhunga kufakwe nenkolelo yokuba ‘uKristu noBawo ngumntu omnye.’ Ngenxa yokoyika uConstantine bonke oobhishophu ababelapho, ngaphandle nje kwababini, balutyobela olo xwebhu nangona babekrikriza.”—IEncyclopædia Britannica (1970), Umqulu 6, kwiphepha 386.

Ifundisa ntoni yona iBhayibhile?

“Kodwa uStefano yena ezele nguMoya oyiNgcwele, wakhangela ezulwini, waza wabubona ubuqaqawuli bukaThixo, noYesu emi ewongeni ngakuThixo. Waqhuba wathi: ‘Khawukhangele! Amazulu ndiwabona evulekile, noNyana woLuntu emile ngasekunene kukaThixo!’”—IZenzo 7:55, 56, iBhayibhile YesiXhosa Yowe-1996.

Yintoni eyabonwa nguStefano kulo mbono? Ezaliswe ngamandla kaThixo asebenzayo, uStefano wabona uYesu “emile ngasekunene kukaThixo.” Kucacile ke ngoko ukuba uYesu akazange abe nguThixo ukubuyela kwakhe ezulwini, kodwa waba ngumntu womoya, owahlukileyo kuThixo. Esi sicatshulwa asitsho ukuba kwakukho umntu wesithathu owayeme ngakuThixo. Nangona abantu bebezama ukufumana iZibhalo ezixhasa imfundiso yokuba uThixo uneziqu ezithathu, kwincwadi yakhe ethi À l’aube du christianisme—La naissance des dogmes (At the Dawn of Christianity—The Birth of Dogmas) umfundisi waseDominican uMarie Boismand wabhala wathi: “Kuyo yonke iTestamente Entsha akukho ndawo ethi uThixo uyilwa ziziqu ezithathu.”

Imfundiso kaConstantine yayenzelwe ukuphelisa ukuxabana okwakukho kwiCawa ngenkulungwane yesine. Kodwa ke yadala enye intsumantsumane: Ngaba uMariya unina kaYesu, “nguMama kaThixo”?

Funda ezi ndinyana zeBhayibhile:—Mateyu 26:39; Yohane 14:28; 1 Korinte 15:27, 28; Kolose 1:15, 16