Kungaphumelela Kanjani Ukufuna Ukuphila Isikhathi Esijana?

KUNABATHILE abanethemba eliyigugu lokuthi inkulungwane entsha yeminyaka iyophumelelisa imizamo yomuntu yokuphila isikhathi esengeziwe. UDkt. Ronald Klatz ungomunye wabo. Ungumongameli we-American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine, okuyinhlangano yodokotela nososayensi abazinikezele ekwandiseni isikhathi sokuphila komuntu. Yena nozakwabo bahlela ukuphila isikhathi eside kakhulu. “Ngilindele ukuba ngiphile iminyaka engu-130, okungenani,” kusho uDkt. Klatz. “Sikholelwa ukuthi ukuguga akukhona okungenakugwenywa. Manje kunobuchwepheshe obungalibazisa, buvimbe futhi mhlawumbe buze bukuhlehlise ngokuphawulekayo ukuwohloka komzimba nezifo, okwamanje okubizwa ngokuthi ukuguga okungokwemvelo.” UDkt. Klatz ngokwakhe uphuza amaphilisi angaba ngu-60 ngosuku njengoba efuna ukwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwakhe.

Ukwelapha Nge-hormone Nesayensi Yezakhi Zofuzo—Ingabe Kuyizizathu Zokuba Nethemba?

Ukwelapha nge-hormone omunye umkhakha owenza kube nethemba. Ukucwaninga okuphathelene ne-hormone eyaziwa ngokuthi i-DHEA kubonakala kuyilibazisa inqubo yokuguga ezilwaneni okucwaningwa ngazo.

Ngokuphathelene ne-hormone yesitshalo i-kinetin, iphephandaba lansuku zonke laseSweden i-Aftonbladet lacaphuna uDkt. Suresh Rattan, onguprofesa e-Aarhus University, eDenmark, ethi: “Ukuhlola okwenziwe endaweni yethu yokucwaninga kubonisa ukuthi amangqamuzana esikhumba somuntu elashwé nge-kinetin awashintshi ngendlela evamile ehlobene nokuguga. Ahlala emasha ukuphila kwawo konke.” Izilokazane ezelashwe nge-hormone kuthiwa ziphila isikhathi eside ngamaphesenti angu-30 kuya kwangu-45 kunesikhathi esivamile.

Ukwelapha nge-melatonin kuthiwa kwandisa isikhathi sokuphila samagundane ngamaphesenti afinyelela kwangu-25. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lawo magundane abukeka emasha, ephile kahle futhi enobungqabavu.

Labo abasekela i-hormone yokukhula komuntu [human growth hormone (hGH)] bathi iyasiza ekuthuthukiseni isikhumba, ekwandiseni isisindo semisipha, ekwandiseni isifiso sokuba nobuhlobo bobulili, ekubeni owenamile, ekukhalipheni ngengqondo nasekwenzeni isimiso sokugaywa kokudla sibe njengesomuntu omusha.

Abaningi babheka emkhakheni wezakhi zofuzo. Ososayensi baye baphetha ngokuthi ngokushintsha izakhi zofuzo, bangalawula isikhathi sokuphila sesibungu okuthiwa i-nematode noma i-roundworm. Eqinisweni, baye baphumelela ekugcineni ezinye zazo ziphila isikhathi eside ngokuphindwe kayisithupha kunesikhathi sazo esivamile. Lokhu kuye kwenza kwaba nethemba lokuthola nokushintsha izakhi zofuzo ezifanayo nakubantu. Umagazini i-Time wacaphuna uDkt. Siegfried Hekimi waseMcGill University, eMontreal, ethi: “Uma singazithola zonke izakhi zofuzo zomuntu zokubala isikhathi, mhlawumbe singazenza zithi ukuhamba kancane, ngaleyo ndlela sikwazi ukunezela isikhathi sokuphila.”

Sekuyisikhathi eside izazi zesayensi yezinto eziphilayo zazi ukuthi ingxenye esekugcineni yama-chromosome, okuthiwa i-telomere, iba mfushane isikhathi ngasinye lapho ingqamuzana likhiqiza amanye. Lapho i-telomere ilahlekelwa amaphesenti angaba ngu-20 obude bayo, ingqamuzana alibe lisakwazi ukukhiqiza bese liyafa. I-enzyme ethile okuthiwa i-telomerase ingabuyisela i-telomere ebudeni bayo basekuqaleni, ngaleyo ndlela yenze ingqamuzana liqhubeke lihlukana. Emangqamuzaneni amaningi le enzyme isuke icindezelekile futhi ingasebenzi, kodwa i-telomerase esebenzayo iye yafakwa ngempumelelo emangqamuzaneni athile, yenza ukuba akhule futhi ahlukane izikhathi eziphindwe kaningi kakhulu kunezivamile.

Ngokwabacwaningi, lokhu kuvula amathuba amahle kakhulu okulwa nezifo ezihlobene nokuguga. Kuthiwani ngokukhipha amangqamuzane omzimba ayinhloko (amangqamuzane asiza ekukhiqizeni kabusha izicubu zomzimba) bese esikhundleni sawo kufakwe amangqamuzana ayinhloko aye “avuselelwa” nge-telomerase esebenzayo? UDkt. William A. Haseltine uthi: “Lona umbono ocaciswe kahle wokungafi komuntu oyoqala ukusetshenziswa kancane kancane phakathi neminyaka engu-50 ezayo.”—The New York Times.

Ingabe I-nanotechnology Ne-cryonics Kunempendulo?

I-nanotechnology, isayensi esebenza nge-nanometer (ingxenye eyodwa ezingxenyeni eziyizigidi eziyinkulungwane zemitha), nayo iletha ithemba. Abanemibono eqhakazile kulowo mkhakha bathi esikhathini esizayo kungase kwenziwe ukuba imishini esebenza nge-computer, emincane kakhulu kunamangqamuzana, isebenze ngama-molecule ukuze ilungise futhi ivuselele amangqamuzana, izicubu nezitho ezigugayo. Engqungqutheleni ephathelene nokulwa nokuguga, omunye umcwaningi wasikisela ukuthi odokotela bangekhulu le-21 bangase basebenzise i-nanotechnology ukuze bakwazi ukwenza umuntu angafi.

I-cryonics inqubo yokugcina izidumbu eqhweni ngethemba lokuthi isayensi izokwazi ukuvuselela amangqamuzana afile, ngaleyo ndlela izenze zibuye ziphile. Kungagcinwa wonke umzimba noma ubuchopho nje. Enye indoda yaze yaletha ishidi lombhede ukuba ligcinwe eqhweni. Kungani yaletha ishidi? Kwakungelomngane owayelahlekile futhi linamangqamuzana athile esikhumba nezinwele ezimbalwa. Yayifuna ligcinwe eqhweni ukuze inikeze umngane wayo ithuba lokubuye aphile uma isayensi ifinyelela eqophelweni lokwakha kabusha abantu ngamangqamuzana ambalwa nje noma ngisho nelilodwa.

Kufanele Silibekephi Ithemba Lethu?

Umuntu unesifiso esingokwemvelo sokuphila, hhayi sokufa. Ngakho-ke, intuthuko engokwesayensi ephathelene nalokhu yamukelwa ngesasasa futhi ihambisana nokulindela lukhulu. Kodwa kuze kube manje abukho ubufakazi obuphathekayo bokuthi i-DHEA, i-kinetin, i-melatonin, i-hGH, noma, noma yini enye ingenza abantu bephuze ukuguga ngempela. Abantu abangabazayo besaba ukuthi ukushintsha i-telomerase emangqamuzaneni kuzomane kwakhe amangqamuzana angase abe umdlavuza. Futhi ukusetshenziswa kwe-nanotechnology ne-cryonics kuseyinto ecatshangelwayo ngokwesayensi kunokuba kube yinto engokoqobo.

Isayensi iye yasiza ekubeni abantu abathile baphile isikhathi esijana futhi babe nempilo engcono, futhi kungenzeka isaqhubeka yenza kanjalo, kodwa ngeke nanini yenze othile aphile phakade. Ngani? Kalula nje, kungenxa yokuthi imbangela eyinhloko yokuguga nokufa ingalé kwesayensi yomuntu.

Imbangela Eyinhloko Yokuguga Nokufa

Ososayensi abaningi bayavuma ukuthi ukuguga nokufa kubonakala kufakwe ngandlela-thile ezakhini zethu zofuzo. Umbuzo uwukuthi: Kwangena nini, kanjani futhi kungani kwangena?

IBhayibheli lisinika impendulo elula—nakuba lingayibeki ngendlela engokwesayensi ephathelene nezakhi zofuzo noma i-DNA. EyabaseRoma 5:12 ithi: “Kungakho, njengoba nje ngomuntu oyedwa isono sangena ezweni nokufa kwangena ngesono, futhi kanjalo ukufa kwasakazekela kubantu bonke ngenxa yokuthi bonke bonile.”

Umuntu wokuqala, u-Adamu, wayesethubeni lokuphila phakade. Umzimba wakhe wawuklanywe waba nezici ezidingekayo ukuze uphile futhi ujabulele ukuphila phakade. Nokho, ukuphila phakade kwakunemibandela. U-Adamu kwakudingeka abambisane futhi alalele uMthombo wokuphila, uMdali wakhe, ukuze alondoloze ukuphila kwakhe ngokungenakuphela.—Genesise 1:31; 2:15-17.

U-Adamu wakhetha ukungamlaleli uMdali. Eqinisweni, u-Adamu wasikisela ukuthi kungcono ukuba umuntu azibuse engancikile kuNkulunkulu. Ngaleyo ndlela wona. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, kwaba sengathi izici zakhe zofuzo zishintshiwe. Kunokuba adlulisele ukuphila okumi phakade njengefa enzalweni yakhe, u-Adamu wadlulisela isono nokufa.—Genesise 3:6, 19; Roma 6:23.

Ithemba Langempela

Nokho, leso simo sasingeke sibe esihlala njalo. EyabaseRoma 8:20 ithi: “Indalo yabekwa ngaphansi kobuze, hhayi ngentando yayo siqu kodwa ngalowo owayibeka ngaphansi kwabo, ngesisekelo sethemba.” UMdali wabantu, uJehova uNkulunkulu, wabeka abantu ngaphansi kokufa ngoba bonile kuye, kodwa lapho enza lokhu wamisa nesisekelo sethemba.

Lesi sisekelo savezwa ngokucacile lapho uJesu Kristu eza emhlabeni. UJohane 3:16 uthi: “Ngoba uNkulunkulu walithanda izwe kakhulu kangangokuba waze wanikela ngeNdodana yakhe ezelwe yodwa, ukuze wonke umuntu obonisa ukholo kuyo angabhujiswa kodwa abe nokuphila okumi phakade.” Nokho, ukubonisa ukholo kuJesu Kristu kungasisindisa kanjani ekufeni?

Uma isono siyimbangela yokufa, isono kudingeka sisuswe ngaphambi kokuba kuqedwe ukufa. Ekuqaleni kwenkonzo kaJesu njengoKristu, uJohane uMbhapathizi wathi: “Bhekani, iWundlu likaNkulunkulu elisusa isono sezwe!” (Johane 1:29) UJesu Kristu wayengenasono ngokuphelele. Ngakho, wayengeke afe, okuyisijeziso sesono. Nokho, wabavumela abanye ukuba bambulale. Ngani? Ngoba ngokwenza kanjalo, wakhokha inani lezono zethu.—Mathewu 20:28; 1 Petru 3:18.

Njengoba lelo nani selikhokhiwe, bonke ababonisa ukholo kuJesu baba sethubeni lokuphila bangaphinde bafe. Isayensi ingase isize ekukwandiseni ukuphila kwethu kancane kakhulu, kodwa ukubonisa ukholo kuJesu kuyindlela yangempela eholela ekuphileni okumi phakade. UJesu wazuza ukuphila okunjalo ezulwini, futhi kuyoba okufanayo nangabaphostoli bakhe abathembekile kanye nabanye. Nokho, eningini lethu elibonisa ukholo kuJesu, ukuphila okumi phakade kuyoba semhlabeni, lapho uJehova uNkulunkulu esebuyisele iPharadesi lasemhlabeni.—Isaya 25:8; 1 Korinte 15:48, 49; 2 Korinte 5:1.

Ukuphila Okumi Phakade Emhlabeni OyiPharadesi

Indoda ethile yabuza: “Bangaki abantu abayokubona kuzuzisa ukuphila lapho bengasenakufa?” Ingabe ukuphila ungasenakufa kuyoba yisicefe? IBhayibheli liyasiqinisekisa ukuthi ngeke. “Wenzile konke kube kuhle esikhathini sakho, ubekile nokuphakade ezinhliziyweni zabo; nokho umuntu angefumane umsebenzi awenzile uNkulunkulu kwasekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni.” (UmShumayeli 3:11) Indalo kaJehova uNkulunkulu iningi futhi iyinkimbinkimbi kangangokuthi iyoqhubeka isithakazelisa, isishukumisa futhi isijabulisa ekuphileni kwethu konke—ngisho naphakade.

Owesilisa owacwaninga ngenyoni eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Siberian Jay wayibiza ngokuthi “umngane ongavamile nojabulisayo” futhi wathi ukubukisisa le nyoni kwakungenye yezinto ezijabulisa kunazo zonke ekuphileni kwakhe. Lapho ecwaninga ngokwengeziwe ngale nyoni, wayeyithola ithakazelisa nakakhulu. Uthi ngisho nangemva kweminyaka engu-18, wayesekude kakhulu nokuqeda ukucwaninga kwakhe. Uma uhlobo olulodwa nje lwenyoni lungathakazelisa, lushukumise futhi lugcine indoda ehlakaniphile ijabule iminyaka engu-18 yocwaningo olunzulu, cabanga nje indlela okumelwe ukuba kuyojabulisa futhi kwanelise ngayo ukucwaninga ngayo yonke indalo esemhlabeni.

Cabanga ngayo yonke imikhakha ethakazelisayo yesayensi umuntu ongampintshiwe isikhathi ayoba sethubeni lokucwaninga ngayo. Cabanga ngazo zonke izindawo ezithakazelisayo ezingase zibukwe nabo bonke abantu abathakazelisayo esingase sibazi. Zama ukucabanga ngamathuba angenakuphela okuqonda, okwenza nawokwakha izinto. Ngeke sibe namathuba alinganiselwe okuthuthukisa nawokusebenzisa ikhono lethu lokwenza izinto. Lapho sicabanga ngobuningi bendalo, kusobala ukuthi ubuphakade buwukuphela kwesikhathi esingawafanela kahle amathuba akhona ekuphileni.

IBhayibheli libonisa ukuthi ngovuko, abafileyo nabo bayozuza ukuphila okuphakade. (Johane 5:28, 29) Izinto eziningi zomlando ezingaqondakali ziyosicacela lapho labo abaye babhekana nalezo zinto besinikeza imininingwane esiyidingayo futhi bephendula imibuzo yethu. Cabanga ngakho konke ukuqonda ngokuphathelene nezikhathi ezihlukahlukene zomlando abavusiwe abayokunikeza.—IzEnzo 24:15.

Lapho ucabangisisa ngaleso sikhathi, ungaqonda ukuthi uJobe ovusiwe angase afune ukuwashintsha amazwi atholakala kuJobe 14:1. Mhlawumbe kunalokho uyothi: ‘Umuntu ozelwe ngowesifazane manje uphila phakade futhi unokwaneliseka okukhulu.’

Kulabo ababeka ithemba labo kuJehova futhi babonise ukholo kuJesu, ukwandisa isikhathi sokuphila sidlulele ngalé kwesikhathi esilinganiselwe akulona nje iphupho elingenakufinyeleleka. Kuyokwenzeka maduze nje. Ukuguga nokufa kuyophela. Lokhu kuvumelana neHubo 68:20, elithi: “Ukukhipha ekufeni kungokukaJehova iNkosi.”—IsAmbulo 21:3, 4.

[Izithombe ekhasini 4, 5]

Intuthuko yesayensi iye yenza kwaba nethemba ngokuphathelene nethuba lokuphila isikhathi esijana

[Isithombe ekhasini 7]

Ubuphakade buwukuphela kwesikhathi esingawafanela kahle amathuba akhona ekuphileni