Ingabe Ukuziphendukela Kwemvelo Kuyavumelana NeBhayibheli?

KUNGENZEKA yini ukuthi uNkulunkulu wasebenzisa ukuziphendukela kwemvelo ukuze adale abantu ngezilwane? Ingabe uNkulunkulu waqondisa ama-bacterium ukuba aphenduke izinhlanzi bese eqhubeka abe yizilwane ezihuquzelayo nezincelisayo, ekugcineni abe uhlobo lwezinkawu olwaphenduka lwaba abantu? Abanye ososayensi nabaholi benkolo bathi bakukholelwa kokubili ukuziphendukela kwemvelo neBhayibheli. Bathi incwadi yeBhayibheli kaGenesise iwumfanekiso. Mhlawumbe uke uzibuze, ‘Ingabe umbono wokuthi umuntu wavela esilwaneni uyavumelana neBhayibheli?’

Ukuqonda imvelaphi yethu kubalulekile ekuqondeni ukuthi singobani, siyaphi futhi kufanele siphile kanjani. Uma siyazi imvelaphi yomuntu singaqonda ukuthi kungani uNkulunkulu evumele ukuhlupheka nokuthi iyini injongo yakhe ngekusasa lomuntu. Asinakukujabulela ukuma okuhle noNkulunkulu uma singaqiniseki ukuthi unguMdali wethu yini. Ngakho-ke ake sihlole lokho iBhayibheli elikushoyo ngemvelaphi yomuntu, ngesimo sakhe samanje, nangekusasa lakhe. Siyobe sesibona ukuthi lo mbono wokuziphendukela kwemvelo uyahambisana yini neBhayibheli.

Lapho Kusenomuntu Oyedwa

Abakholelwa ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo bathi izilwane zashintsha kancane kancane zaba abantu, bephika ukuthi kwake kwaba nomuntu oyedwa. Nokho, iBhayibheli linikeza umbono ohlukile. Lithi siyinzalo yomuntu oyedwa, u-Adamu. Ukulandisa kweBhayibheli kuveza ukuthi u-Adamu wayengumuntu ongokoqobo. Kusitshela igama lomkakhe nawezinye zezingane zakhe. Kusitshela ngokugcwele ukuthi wenzani, wathini, wayehlalaphi nokuthi wafa nini. UJesu akazange ayibheke njengenganekwanye yabantu abangafundile nje le ndaba. Lapho ekhuluma nabaholi abafundile benkolo, wathi: “Anifundanga yini ukuthi lowo owabadala kusukela ekuqaleni wabenza kwaba owesilisa nowesifazane?” (Mathewu 19:3-5) UJesu wabe esecaphuna amazwi akhuluma ngo-Adamu no-Eva alotshwe kuGenesise 2:24.

ULuka, omunye wabalobi beBhayibheli futhi owayeyisazi-mlando esicophelelayo, waveza u-Adamu njengomuntu owaphila ngokoqobo njengoJesu. ULuka wathungatha umkhondo wozalo olubuyela emuva kumuntu wokuqala. (Luka 3:23-38) Futhi, lapho umphostoli uPawulu ekhuluma phambi kwabantu okwakukhona phakathi kwabo nezazi zefilosofi ezazifunde ezikoleni ezidumile zamaGreki, wabatshela: “UNkulunkulu owenza umhlaba nakho konke okukuwo . . . ngomuntu oyedwa wenza zonke izizwe zabantu, ukuba zihlale kubo bonke ubuso bomhlaba.” (IzEnzo 17:24-26) Kuyacaca ukuthi iBhayibheli lifundisa ukuthi sivela ‘kumuntu oyedwa.’ Ingabe lokho iBhayibheli elikushoyo ngesimo sokuqala somuntu kuyahambisana nokuziphendukela kwemvelo?

Umuntu Ulahlekelwa Ukuphelela

NgokweBhayibheli, uJehova wadala umuntu wokuqala ephelele. UNkulunkulu akakwazi ukudala noma yini ingapheleli. Umlando wokudala uthi: “UNkulunkulu wabe esemdala umuntu ngomfanekiso wakhe . . . Ngemva kwalokho uNkulunkulu wabona konke ayekwenzile, bheka! kwakukuhle kakhulu.” (Genesise 1:27, 31) Unjani umuntu ophelele?

Umuntu unenkululeko yokuzikhethela futhi uyakwazi ukubonisa izimfanelo zikaNkulunkulu ngokugcwele. IBhayibheli lithi: “UNkulunkulu weqiniso wabenza abantu beqotho, kodwa bona ngokwabo baye bafuna amacebo amaningi.” (UmShumayeli 7:29) U-Adamu wakhetha ukuvukela uNkulunkulu. Ngokuvukela kwakhe, yena nenzalo yakhe balahlekelwa ukuphelela. Ukulahlekelwa ukuphelela komuntu kuchaza ukuthi kungani sivame ukuzidumaza, ngisho noma sifuna ukwenza okuhle. Umphostoli uPawulu wabhala: “Lokho engikufisayo angikwenzi; kodwa lokho engikuzondayo yikho engikwenzayo.”—Roma 7:15.

NgokweBhayibheli, umuntu ophelele wayeyophila phakade ewumqemane. Ngokwalokho uNkulunkulu akutshela u-Adamu, kuyacaca ukuthi umuntu wokuqala wayengeke afe uma ayengalalela uNkulunkulu. (Genesise 2:16, 17; 3:22, 23) UJehova wayengeke athi ukudalwa komuntu “kuhle kakhulu” ukube umuntu wayegula noma evukela. Ukulahlekelwa ukuphelela kuyisizathu esenza ukuba umzimba womuntu, nakuba uklanywe ngokumangalisayo, ube sengozini yezifo nokukhubazeka. Ngakho-ke ukuziphendukela kwemvelo akuvumelani neBhayibheli. Kuveza umuntu okhona njengesilwane esithuthukayo. IBhayibheli limveza njengenzalo ewohlokayo yomuntu owayephelele.

Umbono wokuthi uNkulunkulu waqondisa ukuziphendukela kwemvelo ukuze adale umuntu awuhambisani futhi nalokho iBhayibheli elikushoyo ngobuntu bukaNkulunkulu. Uma uNkulunkulu aqondisa inqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, bekungasho ukuthi waqondisa isintu kulesi simo esinezifo futhi esicindezelayo. Nokho, iBhayibheli lithi ngoNkulunkulu: “IDwala, uphelele umsebenzi wakhe, ngoba zonke izindlela zakhe ziwubulungisa. UNkulunkulu wokuthembeka, okungekho ukungabi nabulungisa kuye; ulungile futhi uqotho yena. Baye benza ngendlela eyonakele bona; ababona abantwana bakhe, isici singesabo.” (Duteronomi 32:4, 5) Ngakho, ukuhlupheka kwesintu njengamanje akuwona umphumela wokusebenzisa kukaNkulunkulu ukuziphendukela kwemvelo. Kuwumphumela wokulahlekelwa komuntu nenzalo yakhe ukuphelela ngenxa yokuvukela uNkulunkulu. Manje njengoba sesikhulumile ngo-Adamu, sesingaphendukela kuJesu. Ingabe ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kuyavumelana nalokho iBhayibheli elikushoyo ngoJesu?

Ungakukholelwa Yini Kokubili Ukuziphendukela Kwemvelo NobuKristu?

“UKristu wafela izono zethu.” Njengoba wazi, lena ingenye yezimfundiso eziyisisekelo zobuKristu. (1 Korinte 15:3; 1 Petru 3:18) Ukuze sibone ukuthi kungani ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kungavumelani nala mazwi, kufanele siqale siqonde ukuthi kungani iBhayibheli lisibiza ngezoni nokuthi isono sinamuphi umphumela kithi.

Sonke siyizoni ngomqondo wokuthi asinakuzilingisa ngokuphelele izimfanelo zikaNkulunkulu ezimangalisayo, ezinjengothando lwakhe nobulungisa. Kungakho-ke iBhayibheli lithi: “Bonke bonile futhi bayasilela enkazimulweni kaNkulunkulu.” (Roma 3:23) IBhayibheli lifundisa ukuthi isono siyimbangela yokufa. Eyoku-1 Korinte 15:56 ithi: “Udosi oluveza ukufa yisono.” Ifa lethu lesono libuye libe imbangela eyinhloko yokugula. UJesu wabonisa ukuthi kunokuhlobana phakathi kokugula nokuba kwethu nesono. Ekhuluma nokhubazekile, wathi: “Izono zakho zithethelelwe,” futhi leyo ndoda yaphulukiswa.—Mathewu 9:2-7.

Kusisiza kanjani ukufa kukaJesu? IBhayibheli liqhathanisa u-Adamu noJesu Kristu bese lithi: “Njengoba nje bonke befa ku-Adamu, kanjalo nakuKristu bonke bayokwenziwa baphile.” (1 Korinte 15:22) Ngokudela ukuphila kwakhe, uJesu wakhokha inani lesono esasizuza ku-Adamu. Ngakho, bonke ababonisa ukholo kuJesu futhi bamlalele bayothola lokho u-Adamu akulahla—ithemba lokuphila okuphakade.—Johane 3:16; Roma 6:23.

Usuyabona yini ukuthi ukuziphendukela kwemvelo akuvumelani nobuKristu? Uma singabaza ukuthi ‘bonke bayafa ku-Adamu,’ singathemba kanjani ukuthi ‘kuKristu bonke bayokwenziwa baphile’?

Okwenza Abantu Bakhangwe Ukuziphendukela Kwemvelo

IBhayibheli liyembula ukuthi kwénzeka kanjani ukuba izimfundiso ezinjengokuziphendukela kwemvelo zithandwe. Lithi: “Kuyokuba khona inkathi lapho bengayikuyibekezelela khona imfundiso ephilayo, kodwa, ngokuvumelana nezifiso zabo siqu, bayozibuthela abafundisi ukuze babakitaze izindlebe; futhi bayofulathelisa izindlebe zabo eqinisweni, kuyilapho bephendulelwa ezindabeni ezingamanga.” (2 Thimothewu 4:3, 4) Nakuba ngokuvamile ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kuchazwa ngolimi lwesayensi, empeleni kuyimfundiso yenkolo. Kufundisa ifilosofi yokuphila nendlela yokubheka uNkulunkulu. Ngesinyenyela, izinkolelo zale mfundiso ziheha ukuthambekela kwabantu kobugovu kokufuna ukuzibusa. Abaningi abakholelwa ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo bathi bayakholelwa nakuNkulunkulu. Kodwa bazizwa bekhululekile ukucabanga ngoNkulunkulu njengomuntu ongazange adale izinto, ongangeneli ezindabeni zesintu futhi ongeke abahlulele abantu. Kuyimfundiso ekitaza izindlebe zabantu.

Abafundisa ukuziphendukela kwemvelo ngokuvamile abashukunyiswa amaqiniso, kodwa “yizifiso zabo siqu”—mhlawumbe isifiso sokwamukeleka emkhakheni wezesayensi lapho le mfundiso iwumgogodla khona. Uprofesa we-biochemistry uMichael Behe, osechithe ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwakhe ehlola imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi yamangqamuzana aphilayo, wachaza ukuthi labo abafundisa ukuziphendukela kwengqamuzana abanasisekelo salokho abakushoyo. Ingabe ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kungenzeka kula mangqamuzana amancane? Wabhala: “Ukuziphendukela kwamangqamuzana akusekelwe eqinisweni lesayensi. Akukho okubhaliwe kuyisayensi—emabhukwini avelele, ezobuchwepheshe, noma ezincwadini—okuchaza indlela ukuziphendukela kwamangqamuzana kwanoma isiphi isimiso sangempela esiyinkimbinkimbi samakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo okwenzeka ngayo noma okwakungase kwenzeke ukuthi kwenzeka ngayo. . . . Ukugomela kukaDarwin kokuziphendukela ngokwemvelo kwamangqamuzana kumane nje kuwukuzigqaja.”

Uma abakholelwa ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo bengenazo izincazelo, kungani besakaza imibono yabo kangaka? UBehe uyachaza: “Abantu abaningi, kuhlanganise nososayensi abaningi abavelele nabahlonishwayo, bamane nje abafuni ukuvuma ukuthi kunokuthile okungaphezu kwemvelo.”

Imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwemvelo ikhanga abefundisi abaningi abafuna ukuzishaya abahlakaniphile. Bafana nalabo abachazwe encwadini umphostoli uPawulu ayibhalela amaKristu aseRoma. UPawulu wabhala: “Lokho okungase kwaziwe ngoNkulunkulu kuyabonakala phakathi kwabo . . . Izimfanelo zakhe ezingabonakali zibonakala ngokucacile kusukela ekudalweni kwezwe kuye phambili, ngoba ziqondakala ngezinto ezenziwe, ngisho namandla akhe angunaphakade nobuNkulunkulu bakhe, kangangokuthi abanazaba; ngoba, nakuba babemazi uNkulunkulu, abamkhazimulisanga njengoNkulunkulu futhi abambonganga, kodwa baba abangenangqondo emicabangweni yabo futhi inhliziyo yabo engakhaliphile yaba mnyama. Nakuba begomela ngokuthi bahlakaniphile, baba yiziwula.” (Roma 1:19-22) Ungakugwema kanjani ukukhohliswa abafundisi bamanga?

Ukholo KuMdali Olusekelwe Ebufakazini

IBhayibheli ligcizelela ukubaluleka kobufakazi lapho lichaza ukholo. Lithi: “Ukholo luwukulindelwa okuqinisekisiwe kwezinto ezithenjwayo, ukuboniswa okusobala kwezinto ezingokoqobo nakuba zingabonakali.” (Hebheru 11:1) Ukholo lweqiniso kuNkulunkulu kufanele lusekelwe ebufakazini obubonisa ukuthi uMdali ukhona ngempela. IBhayibheli liyabonisa ukuthi ungabutholaphi lobo bufakazi.

Umlobi weBhayibheli ophefumulelwe uDavide wabhala: “Ngizokudumisa ngoba ngenziwe ngokumangalisayo ngendlela eyesabekayo.” (IHubo 139:14) Ukuzinika isikhathi sokuzindla ngomklamo omangalisayo wemizimba yethu nezinye izinto eziphilayo kusishiya sikhexile ngenxa yokuhlakanipha koMenzi wethu. Ingxenye ngayinye yezinkulungwane zezimiso ezibambisanayo ukuze siqhubeke siphila iklanywe ngobuciko. Futhi indawo yonke ebonakalayo ibonisa ubufakazi bokunemba nokuhleleka. UDavide wabhala: “Amazulu amemezela inkazimulo kaNkulunkulu; umkhathi ulandisa ngomsebenzi wezandla zakhe.”—IHubo 19:1.

IBhayibheli ngokwalo liwumthombo ocebile wobufakazi ngoMdali. Ukuzinika isikhathi sokuhlola ukuvumelana kwezincwadi zalo ezingu-66, ukuphakama kwezindinganiso zalo zokuziphatha nokugcwaliseka ngokuphelele kweziprofetho zalo kuyokunika ubufakazi obuningi bokuthi lalotshwa uMdali. Ukuqonda izimfundiso zeBhayibheli kuyokusiza ukuba uqiniseke nangokuthi iBhayibheli ngempela liyiZwi loMdali. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho uqonda izimfundiso zeBhayibheli ezinjengokuthi iyini imbangela yokuhlupheka, uMbuso kaNkulunkulu, ikusasa lesintu nendlela yokuthola injabulo, uyobona ubufakazi obusobala bokuhlakanipha kukaNkulunkulu. Ungase uzizwe ngendlela uPawulu azizwa ngayo lapho ebhala: “O ukujula kwengcebo nokuhlakanipha nolwazi lukaNkulunkulu! Yeka ukuthi zingezingaphenyeki kanjani izahlulelo zakhe nokuthi zingezingenakuthungathwa kanjani izindlela zakhe!”—Roma 11:33.

Njengoba uhlola ubufakazi futhi ukholo lwakho lukhula, uyoqiniseka ngokuthi lapho ufunda iBhayibheli, usuke ulalela uMdali uqobo. Uthi: “Mina ngokwami ngenze umhlaba ngadala ngisho nomuntu phezu kwawo. Mina—izandla zami siqu zelula amazulu, futhi ngiyalé lonke ibutho lawo.” (Isaya 45:12) Ngokuqinisekile awusoze wazisola ngokwenza umzamo wokuzitholela mathupha ukuthi uJehova unguMdali wazo zonke izinto.

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Umphostoli uPawulu watshela amaGreki ayefundile: “Ngomuntu oyedwa [uNkulunkulu] wenza zonke izizwe zabantu”

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Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kuveza umuntu okhona njengesilwane esithuthukayo. IBhayibheli liveza umuntu okhona njengenzalo ewohlokayo yomuntu owayephelele

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“Ukuziphendukela kwamangqamuzana akusekelwe eqinisweni lesayensi”

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Umklamo omangalisayo wezinto eziphilayo usishiya sikhexile ngenxa yokuhlakanipha koMenzi wethu