Ifa Ukuukun Pochokkulen Om Luku Ewe Manausefal?

“Ngang ewe manausefal me ewe manau. Ewe mi lukuei, inaamwo ika epwe malo, epwe manaueta.”​—JON 11:25.

1, 2. Pwata a lamot ngeni emon chon fel ngeni Jiowa an epwe wenewenen luku ewe apilukuluk fan iten ewe manausefal?

IFA ukuukun pochokkulen om apilukuluku ewe manausefal? A kan ita apochokkulok pwe kosap niueiti malo me a aururuuk lupwen epwe pout sonuk attongom kkewe pokiten malo? (Mattu 10:28; 1 Tesalonika 4:13) En mi ussun chommong noun Kot kkewe chon angang lom, nge ir mi likiitu fan kawet, esiit, nninni, me kalapus pokiten ra pochokkuleta ren ar luku ewe manausefal?​—Ipru 11:35-38.

² Ewer, emon mi fel ngeni Jiowa seni letipan esap ita wor an tipemwaramwar ussun ewe manausefal, me an luku epwe ita nemeni manauan. A mmen murinno ach ekkekieki pwe lon eu fansoun Kot a akkota, ewe matau, malo, me Eitis repwe fangeta chon malo mi nonnom lon ir, me chokkana mi manausefal repwe eani ewe apilukulukun ar repwe manau tori feilfeilo chok lon eu paratis won fonufan.​—Pwarata 20:13; 21:4, 5.

Tipemwaramwar Ussun Manau lon Mwach Kkan

3, 4. Met chommong ra chuen luku ussun manau mwirin malo?

³ Seni inet ewe Christendom a fen eani afalafal pwe aramas repwe kuna manau mwirin ar malo. Iei alon eu poraus lon ewe chassi U.S. Catholic: “Seni chok lom lom, chon Kraist ra fen sotun likiitu fan ekkewe fansoun lichipung me riaffou lon manauer ren ar ekiekin kuna pwal eu sokkun manau lon fansoun mwer, ewe sokkun manau mi kinamwe me lukulukoch, me a ur ren mettoch mi auchea me pwapwa.” Inaamwo ika lon ekkoch fonuen Christendom, aramas ra fen kulliiti mettochun fonufan me ra ussun ita mangaueiti lamalam, nge chommong ra chuen meefi pwe epwe wor och mettoch epwe fis ngeni aramas mwirin malo. Nge a wor chommong mettoch ra tipemwaramwar ussun.

⁴ Eu poraus lon ewe chassi Time a apasa pwe “Aramas ra chuen luku [manau mwirin malo]: nge a fen ffatangauolo ar ekiek ussun weween ena mettoch, me rese lien rongorong porausan seni nour kkewe chon afalafal.” Pwata ekkewe nouwisen lamalam rese lien kapas ussun manau mwirin malo ussun lom? Iei alon emon chon kaeo lon pekin lamalam itan Jeffrey Burton Russell: “Ua ekieki pwe [ekkewe chon afalafal] rese mochen kapas ussun ena mettoch pun ra meefi pwe mi weires ar repwe afalafal ussun eu poraus aramas rese lien luku.”

5. Ikenai, met ekiekin chommong ussun ewe afalafal fan iten ekkein ell?

⁵ Lon chommong lamalam, lang me eu ekkein ell a pwal kapachelong lon porausen manau mwirin malo. Iwe, ika ekkewe chon afalafal rese mochen kapas ussun lang, a fen kon watte ar rese mochen kapas ussun ell. Iei eu poraus lon eu simpung: “Lon ei fansoun, ekkewe lamalam mi luku pwe liwinin tipis riaffou esemuch lon eu ell . . . rese lien afalafal ussun ei mettoch.” A enlet pwe a lap ngeni ekkan sou aak lon pekin lamalam ar rese chuen luku pwe ell wesewesen eu leenien riaffou, nge a ina ussun aitien lamalam lon ewe Middle Ages (lefilen ewe alimuen me engol me alimuen senturi). Nge, ra efich ewe sokkun poraus ussun ell mi oro “kirokiroch.” Me ren chommong sou ekiek ikenai, ekkewe chon tipis lon ell rese wesewesen kuna riaffoun inisir, nge ra meefi riaffou pokiten ar “imulo seni Kot lon pekin ngun.”

6. Ifa ussun ekkoch ra kuna pwe mi nafangau ar luku lupwen attonger kkewe repwe malo?

⁶ Eli an ekkewe lamalam siwili ar kkewe afalafal pwe rete asonga aramas ikenai epwe alisir pwe resap itengau, nge fite, fite million repwe osukosuk pun resap silei met repwe luku. Ina minne, lupwen malo epwe kku manauer, fan chommong ra kuna pwe mi nafangau ar luku. Ar ekiek a ussun ekiekin emon fefin mi ma seni fitemon chon an famili pokiten eu aksiten. Lupwen emon a eisini ika minne a luku lon an lamalam a fen aururu letipan, neminnewe a apasa, “Eli, maa.” Nge inaamwo ika neminnewe epwe fen apasa fan tipeppos pwe minne a luku lon an lamalam a fen alisi i, nge ita met sokkun feioch mi nomottam epwe kuna ika pwe minne a luku ese lukuchar? Ina eu mettoch mi lamot sipwe ekieki ussun pun a enlet pwe aitien chommong lamalam ussun manau lon mwach kkan a mmen sokko seni aitien Paipel.

Ekiekin ChristendomUssun Manau Mwirin Malo

7. (a) Ifa ewe mettoch chommong lamalam ra achifoua? (b) Ifa ussun emon sou aak lon pekin lamalam a awewei ewe afalafal ussun ewe ngun mi manaufoch?

⁷ Inaamwo ika ra sokkofesen ekkewe lamalamen Christendom, nge arapakan ir meinisin ra tipeeu pwe aramas ra eani ewe sokkun ngun mi manau mwirin maloon ewe inis. A lap me leir ra luku pwe lupwen emon aramas epwe malo, eli ngunun epwe feita lang. Ekkoch ra niuokkus pun ra ekieki pwe eli ngunur epwe feitiu lon eu ekkein ell are ngeni purkatorio. Nge porausen ewe sokkun ngun mi manaufoch, iei longolongun ar ekiek ussun ar kuna manau mwirin malo. Ewe sou aak lon pekin lamalam itan Oscar Cullman, a uwawu meefian ussun ena mettoch lon ewe puk Immortality and Resurrection. Iei makkeian: “Ika sipwe eisini chon Kraist ikenai . . . ika met ar ekiek ussun aitien ewe Tes mi Fo fan iten met epwe fis ngeni aramas mwirin malo, a lap me leir repwe apasa: ‘A manaufoch ngunun aramas.’” Iwe nge, pwal iei alon Cullman: “Ena ekiek mi choufetal eu mettoch chon Kraist ra mmen wewengau ren.” Cullman a apasa pwe lupwen a keran aewin apasa ena, alon a efisata watte osukosuk. Iwe nge, mi pwung alon.

8. Ifa ewe apilukuluk Jiowa a awora ngeni ewe akkaemonun mwan me fefin?

⁸ Jiowa Kot ese fforata aramas fan iten ar repwe feita lang mwirin ar malo. Sap minne a akkota me le poputaan pwe repwe malo. Atam me If ra unusoch lupwen ra fforuta me wiser ar repwe amasoua fonufan ren aramas mi pwung. (Keneses 1:28; Tuteronomi 32:4) Kot a ereni popuch kkewe pwe repwe malo ika repwe alleasolapa i. (Keneses 2:17) Ika repwe alleasochisi semer we lon lang, repwe manau won fonufan tori feilfeilo chok.

9. (a) Ifa ewe poraus mi enlet ussun ewe human soul? (b) Met a kan fis ngeni ewe soul lupwen a malo?

⁹ Iwe nge, solapan, pun Atam me If rese alleasochisi Kot. (Keneses 3:6, 7) Ewe aposel Paul a awewei watte pwunungauen ar tipis: “Ren emon mwan tipis a tolong lon fonufan me malo ren tipis, iwe, malo a toki aramas meinisin pun ir meinisin chon tipis.” (Rom 5:12) Atam me If ra malo, nge rese manau tori feilfeilo chok won fonufan. Iwe, met a fis mwirin? Ra ita eani ewe sokkun ngun mi manaufoch, iwe, ngunur a tongeni feitiu lon eu ekkein ell pokiten tipisir? Paipel a apasa pwe lupwen Atam a ffor, “a wiliiti emon soul mi manau.” (Keneses 2:7) Sap minne ewe mwan a angei eu soul, nge a wiliiti emon soul, weween, emon aramas mi manau. (1 Korint 15:45) Sap minne Atam chok “emon soul mi manau,” nge, ussun a pwalo ren ewe fosun Ipru Keneses a mak lon, ekkewe man, pwal ir “soul mi manau”! (Keneses 1:24) Lupwen Atam me If ra malo, ra wiliiti soul mi malo. Iwe, lo, lo, minne a fis ngeniir a ussun minne Jiowa a ereni Atam: “Fan mololen wonmesom kopwe mongo pilawa tori om kopwe liwiniiti ewe ppwul, pun ka fisita seni ppwul. Pun en susuun ppwul, iwe, kopwe liwiniiti susuun ppwul.”​—Keneses 3:19.

10, 11. Met ewe New Catholic Encyclopedia a apasa ussun aitien Paipel fan iten ewe soul, me met sia kuna ika sia apopofengenni alon me minne Paipel a apasa?

¹⁰ Ewe New Catholic Encyclopedia a tipeeu ngeni ena mettoch. Iei alon fan iten ewe poraus “Soul (lon ewe Paipel)”: “Ese kaimufesen ewe inis me ewe soul lon ewe OT [“Tesin Lom,” are Tesin Ipru].” A pwal apasa pwe lon Paipel, ewe kapas “soul” esap fan eu an epwe wewe ngeni ewe sokkun soul mi imufesen me ewe inis are ewe aramas.” A enlet pwe fan chommong soul a “wewe ngeni ewe monumanau pwisin, inaamwo ika a kapas ussun man are aramas.” A murinno ena sokkun kapas mi wenechar, nge sise weweiti ika met popun ekkena poraus mi enlet ese fen affatetiu ngeni ekkan chon fiti lamalam.

¹¹ Ekkan chon fiti lamalam resap aurek me niuokkus ika ra fen silei ei poraus mi enlet seni Paipel: “Ewe soul mi tipis-pwisin i epwe malo,” nge esap kuna riaffou lon ekkein ell! (Isikiel 18:4) Inaamwo ika ena poraus a mmen sokkofesen me aitien Christendom, nge a unusen tipeeu ngeni met Solomon a apasa fan an lang emmwen: “Ekkewe mi manau ra silei pwe repwe malo; nge ren chokkewe mi malo, rese silei och mettoch, me ese pwal chuen wor liwinir [lon ei fansoun], pun ra fen nama seni ekiekin aramas. Mettoch meinisin poum a tufichin ffori, kopwe ffori ren unusen om pochokkul, pun esor angang are ekiek are sile are mirit lon Seol [leenien peiasen aramas], ikewe kopwe feilo ie.”​—Eklesiastis 9:5, 10.

12. Christendom a angei me ia an afalafal ussun ewe ngun mi manaufoch?

¹² Pwata aitien Christendom a mmen sokko seni met Paipel a apasa? Ewe New Catholic Encyclopedia, fan ewe poraus “An Aramas Soul, ewe mi Manaufoch,” a apasa pwe ekkewe Semelap lon Lamalam me lom ra kuna eu popun ar repwe luku ewe sokkun soul mi manaufoch, esap lon Paipel, nge lon “ekkewe sou mak me sou ekiek me eoreni seni ekiekin chon Kriis . . . Mwirin, ekkewe sou kaeo ra filata ar repwe fiti ekiekin Plato are ekkewe afalafal seni Aristotle.” A apasa pwe “ekiekin Plato me chokkewe mi apochokkula ekiekin kkewe [Neoplatonism)”​–pachelong ewe afalafal ussun ewe ngun mi manaufoch–​a kapachelong “lefaren an chon Kraist we kkotun afalafal.”

13, 14. Pwata ese pwung an aramas ekiekin kuna saram ren alillisin chon lukun, awewe chok ren ekkewe sou aak seni Kriis?

¹³ A ita pwung an ekkena ita chon Kraist kulliiti chon lukun, weween, ekkewe sou aak seni Kriis, fan iten ar repwe kaeo ussun ewe apilukulukun manau mwirin malo? Aapwi. Iei alon Paul lupwen a mak ngeni chon Kraist mi nonnom lon Korint, Kriis: “Tipachchemen ei fonufan a umwes me ren Kot, pun a mak: ‘A liapeni chon tipachchem lon pwisin ar ekisola.’ Pwal och: ‘Jiowa a silei pwe ekiekin chon tipachchem a chok lamot mwaal.’” (1 Korint 3:19, 20) Ekkewe chon Kriis lom ra fel ngeni uluulun. Iwe, ita ifa ussun repwe tongeni affata minne mi enlet? Paul a eisini ekkewe chon Korint: “Ita ifa ussun an Kot imwen fel epwe tipeeufengen me uluulun? Pun kich eu imwen felin emon Kot mi manau; ussun chok Kot a fen apasa: ‘Ngang upwe nonnom leir me feffetal leir, me upwe ar Kot, iwe, repwe nei aramas.’”​—2 Korint 6:16.

¹⁴ A akkom pwapwaalo ekkewe poraus enlet mi fel ren ewe muun Israel. (Rom 3:1, 2) Mwirin 33 C.E., a pwapwaalo ren ewe mwichefelin chon Kraist mi kepit lon ewe aewin senturi. Iei alon Paul lupwen a kapas ussun chon Kraist lon ewe aewin senturi: “Kot a fen pwari ngenikich [ekkewe mettoch mi mmonleta ren ir mi tongei i] ren an ngun mi fel.” (1 Korint 2:10; pwal pi Pwarata 1:1, 2.) An Christendom afalafal ussun ngunun aramas mi manaufoch a popu seni ekiekin chon Kriis. Sap minne a pwalo ren pwarien Kot kkewe ngeni Israel are ngeni ewe mwichefelin chon Kraist mi kepit lon ewe aewin senturi.

Ewe Apilukuluk mi Enlet ren Chon Malo

15. Me ren Jises, ifa ewe apilukuluk mi enlet ren chon malo?

¹⁵ Ika ese nom ren aramas ewe sokkun ngun mi manaufoch, iwe, ifa ewe apilukuluk mi enlet ren chon malo? Iei ewe manausefal, eu popun afalafal lon Paipel me eu pwon mi enletin murinno seni Kot. Jises a kapas ussun ewe apilukulukun manausefal lon alon we ngeni chienan we Marta: “Ngang ewe manausefal me ewe manau. Ewe mi pwarata pwe a lukuei, inaamwo ika epwe malo, nge, epwe manaueta.” (Jon 11:25) Ika pwe emon a luku Jises, a wewe ngeni an epwe luku ewe manausefal, nge esap ewe sokkun ngun mi manaufoch.

16. Pwata a pwung an aramas luku eu fansoun manausefal?

¹⁶ Mesemwan Jises a kapas ussun ewe manausefal lupwen a apasa ei mettoch ngeni ekkoch chon Jus: “Ousap mairu ren ei mettoch, pun ewe kulok epwe war lupwen meinisin mi nom lon peiasen achechchem repwe rong leuwan, iwe, repwe towu.” (Jon 5:28, 29) Minne Jises a awewei a mmen sokkofesen me eu ngun mi manaufoch an a manau mwirin malo, iwe, a feilweneweneta lang. Ina an aramas ‘towu’ seni peias, nge ina repwe fen nom lon fitepuku are pwal mwo nge fite ngerou ier. Ina manausefallin ekkewe soul mi malo. Esap pwak ena? Ewer, a pwak ren ewe Kot “mi amanauata chon malo me a kapas ussun ekkewe mettoch esaamwo fis ussun ita nge ra fen fis.” (Rom 4:17) Eli chon lukulukummang repwe esiita ewe ekiekin an aramas manaueta seni malo, nge a tipeeu ngeni ekkeei poraus mi enlet mi apasa pwe “Kot mi tong” me i “chon liwini ir mi tinikken le kukkutta i.”​—1 Jon 4:16; Ipru 11:6.

17. Met Kot epwe apwonueta ren ewe manausefal?

¹⁷ Ekieki mwo ei mettoch: Ifa ussun Kot epwe tongeni liwini ir mi “tuppwol tori malo” ika esap amanauereta akkom? (Pwarata 2:10) Ewe manausefal a pwal atufichi an Kot apwonueta minne ewe aposel Jon a mak ussun: “Ren ei popun Noun Kot we a pwalo, pwe epwe ataietiu angangen ewe Tefil.” (1 Jon 3:8) Lon ewe malamalen Ichen, Setan a wiliiti ewe chon nnielo aramas meinisin lupwen a emmwen ngeni tipis me malo popuch kkewe. (Keneses 3:1-6: Jon 8:44) Jises a poputa le ataietiu angangen Setan kkewe lupwen a fangolo manauan we mi unusoch pwe epwe eu moon kepich, iwe, a suuki ngeni aramas meinisin ewe aalen ngaselo seni fotekin tipis, ewe mi fisita seni an Atam filata ewe aalen alleasolap. (Rom 5:18) Manausefallin chokkewe mi malo pokiten ena tipisin Atam epwe pwal eu minen ataietiu an ewe Tefil kkewe angang.

Inis me Soul

18. Met meefien ekkoch sou aak seni Kriis ussun an Paul apasa pwe Jises a fen manausefal, me pwata a ina ussun meefier?

¹⁸ Lupwen ewe aposel Paul a nom lon Atens, a afalafal ussun ewe poraus allim ngeni eu pwin aramas, nge mi kapachelong ekkoch sou aak seni Kriis. Ra auseling ngeni an poraus ussun ewe emon Kot mi enlet me lamoten an aramas aier. Nge met a fis mwirin? Paul a amuchalo an afalafal ren an apasa pwe “[Kot] a fen filata eu ran fan iten an epwe apwungu chon fonufan fan pwung ren emon mwan a fen seikata, iwe, a awora eu minen alukuluk ngeni aramas meinisin ren an amanauata i seni malo.” Alon na a efisata fitikoko. “Lupwen ra rong ussun eu manausefallin chon malo, ekkoch ra poputa le esiita i.” (Fofor 17:22-32) Iei alon Oscar Cullman, emon sou aak lon pekin lamalam: “Ren ekkewe chon Kriis mi luku porausen ewe ngun mi manaufoch, eli a mmen weires ngeniir ar repwe luku an chon Kraist afalafal ussun ewe manausefal lap seni ekkewe lusun. . . . Aitien ekkewe ruuemon sou aak mi itefoulo, Socrates me Plato, esap fokkun tongeni tipeeufengen me minne a mak lon ewe Tes Sefo.”

19. Ifa ussun ekkewe sou aak lon Christendom ra sotuni le atipeeufengenni ewe afalafal ussun ewe manausefal me ewe afalafal ussun ewe ngun mi manaufoch?

¹⁹ Meit mwo, nge mwirin ewe fansoun tokolo mi lapalap, ewe mi fis mwirin maloon ekkewe aposel, ekkewe sou aak lon pekin lamalam ra achocho le atipeeufengenni an chon Kraist afalafal ussun ewe manausefal me an Plato luku ussun ewe ngun mi manaufoch. Iwe, lo, lo, ekkoch ra tipeeufengen won ei poraus: Lon fansoun malo, ewe soul (ngun) epwe imu (ekkoch ra apasa “ngaselo”) seni ewe inis. Iwe, me ren Outlines of the Doctrine of the Resurrection, makkeien R. J. Cooke, lon Ranin Kapwung “iteiten inis meinisin epwe chufengensefal me en me pwisin ngunun, me iteiten soul meinisin epwe chufengensefal me en me pwisin inisin.” Ra kan apasa pwe ewe manausefal a wewe ngeni pwe lon mwach kkan, ewe inis epwe chufengensefal me ngunun we mi manaufoch.

20, 21. Io kkewe ra kan akkaiti ngeni aramas ewe enlet ussun ewe manausefal, me ifa ussun ena mettoch a fen efeiochur?

²⁰ Ekkewe lamalam mi watte ra chuen achifoua ena afalafal. Inaamwo ika ena sokkun awewe a pwung me ren ekkewe sou aak, nge a lap ngeni ekkewe chon fiti lamalam rese silei ussun. Ra chok luku pwe repwe feilweneweneta lang lupwen repwe malo. Ina popun, lon ewe chassi Commonweal, minen May 5, 1995, ewe sou mak John Garvey a makkei pwe “A ussun ita nge lukuen chommong chon Kraist [ren porausen manau mwirin malo] a mmen kkan ngeni Neoplatonism lap seni met a enletin popu seni ewe lamalamen Kraist, me ese longolong won Paipel.” A enlet pwe ren ar luku Plato me ar likitalo Paipel, ekkewe sou emmwen lon Christendom ra fen amoielo ewe apilukulukun manausefal mi mak lon Paipel fan iten nour kkewe aramas.

²¹ Iwe nge, Chon Pwarata Jiowa ra puratiu ekiekin chon lukun me ra akkamwochu aitien Paipel ussun ewe manausefal. Ra kuna pwe ena afalafal a apochokkulereta, a apwapwai letiper, me a aururuur. Lon ekkan lesen mwirin, sipwe pi ifa ussun aitien Paipel ussun ewe manausefal a pwung me a lukuchar longolongun, ren ir mi eani ewe apilukulukun manau won fonufan me ir mi eani ewe apilukulukun ar repwe manausefal ngeni manau lon lang. Ren ach sipwe mmonleta fan iten ach kaeo ekkan lesen, sia peseiok pwe kopwe alleafichi sopwun 15 lon ewe aewin taropwe ngeni chon Korint.

En mi Chechchemeni?

◻ Pwata sipwe alukuchara ach achifoua ewe manausefal?

◻ Menni apilukuluk Jiowa a isetiu mwen Atam me If?

◻ Pwata ese pwung an aramas ekiekin kuna ewe enlet lon ekkewe afalafal seni chon Kriis?

◻ Pwata ewe apilukuluk fan iten ewe manausefal a longolong won ekiek mi pwung?

[Sasing lón pekin taropwe 16]

Lupwen ra tipis, a pout seni popuch kkewe ewe apilukulukun manau esemuch won fonufan

[Sasing lón pekin taropwe 18]

Ekkewe sou kaeo lon pekin lamalam ra fiti an Plato luku pwe ewe ngun a manaufoch

[Credit Line]

Musei Capitolini, Roma