Ndi Abraham Ama Enyene Mme Camel?
BIBLE ọdọhọ ke mme camel ẹma ẹsịne ke otu ufene emi Pharaoh ọkọnọde Abraham. (Gen. 12:16) Asan̄autom Abraham ama ada “camel duop ke otu camel eteufọk esie” aka anyan isan̄ ke Mesopotamia. Ntem Bible etịn̄ in̄wan̄-in̄wan̄ ke Abraham ama enyene mme camel ke n̄kpọ nte isua 4,000 emi ẹkebede.—Gen. 24:10.
Ndusụk owo inyịmeke emi. New International Version Archaeological Study Bible ọdọhọ ete: “Nditọ ukpepn̄kpọ ẹdọhọ ke inenke ndisiak camel mi sia ediwak mmọ ẹnịm ke ekedi ke n̄kpọ nte isua 1200 M.E.N. ke ẹkenen̄ede ẹtọn̄ọ ndinyene unam emi nte ufene, anyan ini ke Abraham ama akakpa.” Emi edinam ẹda se Bible etịn̄de aban̄a camel ke ini Abraham nte ndudue m̀mê ẹdọhọ ke “ikemke ye ubatini.”
Edi nditọ ukpepn̄kpọ eken ẹdọhọ ẹte ke okposụkedi emi ẹkedide ẹdida edinyene camel nte ufene ke akpan n̄kpọ ke n̄kpọ nte isua 3,000 emi ẹkebede, ke emi iwọrọke ke owo ikesidaha camel inam n̄kpọ. N̄wed oro Civilizations of the Ancient Near East ọdọhọ ete: “Ndụn̄ọde oro ẹnamde ndondo emi owụt ke ẹma ẹsinyene camel nte ufene ke usụk n̄kan̄ edem usiahautịn Arabia ke n̄kpọ nte isua [5,000 emi ẹkebede]. Ke akpa, ekeme ndidi ẹkesinyene enye ke ntak mmọn̄eba, idet, ikpa, ye unam esie, edi etie nte ikebịghike ke ini ẹkedide ẹdifiọk ke ẹkeme ndida enye mmen mbiomo.” Etie nte mme ọkpọ ye mme n̄kpọ eken oro ẹdọkde ẹsion̄o ke isọn̄ ẹsọn̄ọ ke ẹma ẹsida enye ẹnam n̄kpọ mbemiso eyo Abraham.
N̄kpọ oro ẹwetde-wet ẹsọn̄ọ emi n̄ko. N̄wed oro Civilizations of the Ancient Near East ọdọhọ n̄ko ete: “Ke Mesopotamia, mme n̄kpọ emi ẹwetde ke itiatn̄wed ẹsiak unam oro [camel], ndien ediwak idiọn̄ọ ẹwụt ndise esie, emi owụtde ke etie nte unam oro ama esịm Mesopotamia ke n̄kpọ nte isua 4,000 emi ẹkebede,” oro edi, ke eyo Abraham.
Ndusụk nditọ ukpepn̄kpọ ẹnịm ke mbonurua ke South Arabia emi ẹkesinyamde incense ẹkesida camel ẹmen n̄kpọurua mmọ ẹka n̄kan̄ edere edere, ẹbe ke desat ẹka mme utọ idụt nte Egypt ye Syria ndien ke ntre ẹnam mme idụt oro ẹdiọn̄ọ camel. Etie nte mbubehe emi ekedi ọsọ n̄kpọ toto ke ntọn̄ọ ntọn̄ọ isua 2000 M.E.N. Genesis 37:25-28 etịn̄ aban̄a mbonurua Ishmael, emi ẹkedade camel ẹmen incense ẹka Egypt ke n̄kpọ nte isua ikie ẹma ẹkebe ke Abraham ama akakpa.
Ekeme ndidi owo ikesiwakke ndida camel nnam n̄kpọ ke eset ke Ufọt Ufọt Edem Usiahautịn ke n̄kpọ nte isua 4,000 emi ẹkebede, edi etie nte uyarade ẹwụt ke idịghe nte owo ikọfiọkke mmọ. The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia ada ikọ ekesịn ke ufọk ke ndidọhọ: “Ufọn idụhe aba ndida mme ntọn̄ọ ntọn̄ọ mbụk Bible oro aban̄ade camel nte ndudue, sia ekese n̄kpọ emi ẹdọkde ẹsion̄o ke isọn̄ ẹwụt ke ẹma ẹsinyene camel nte ufene mbemiso eyo mme Abraham.”