CROSS
(See also Crux; Impalement; Torture Stake)
(Note centered heading below: Quotations)
ancient Egypt: g78 6/22 10
Augustus Caesar: g76 11/22 28
Babylon: g76 11/22 28
Christendom’s use: g64 7/22 10-11; g63 4/8 27; w60 125; g58 7/22 5-6; w57 165; w50 427; bi7-50 769-770; g40 6/26 12, 24-25
Constantine: g84 6/22 15-17; g76 11/22 28; g72 11/8 27-28; g68 2/8 23; w66 278; bf 476; g59 1/8 24; w51 473-476; rm 269-270, 272; g44 11/22 7; w33 198
crux ansata: w68 94-95; g64 2/22 18; g64 7/22 9; w60 125; rm 110; w50 425-426; g48 12/8 5
crux simplex: bi8-71 1360-1361
discussion: Rbi8 1577-1578; g84 6/22 15-17; tr 141-143; g76 11/22 27-28; g72 11/8 27-28; ad 1609; bi8-71 1360-1361; int69 1155-1157; g69 5/8 4-5; w68 93-95; w64 394-395, 666; bi8-63 3584-3586; bf 144-146; g63 4/8 27-28; w60 125-127; w58 510; g58 7/22 5-7; w57 165-168; w50 425-427; bi7-50 768-771
early Christians: g72 11/8 27-28; g70 7/22 22; g69 9/22 15; w68 93-94; w64 395; g62 4/22 9-10
testimony of catacombs: qm 286; w57 166; qm55 286; w51 485-486
Good Friday rituals in the Philippines: w84 9/15 21
Greek words: Rbi8 1577; g84 6/22 17; tr 142; g76 11/22 27; g72 11/8 28; ad 1608-1609; bi8-71 1360-1361; g69 5/8 4; w68 94; w66 567; ms 139; w64 395; g63 4/8 27-28; w60 126-127; w50 456; bi7-50 768-771
in Assyrian worship: g78 6/22 11
Jesus’ impalement: Rbi8 1577-1578; g84 6/22 17; sm 30; tr 142; w80 2/15 30; g74 9/22 27-28; g72 11/8 27-28; ad 1608-1609; w70 645-646; g69 5/8 4; ms 140; w64 394-395; w60 126; w58 510; g58 7/22 7; w57 165-168; w50 425-427, 456; bi7-50 768-771; w37 232; en 187-188; ch 27
Julius Caesar: g76 11/22 28
origin: tr 141-143; g76 12/22 15; g74 9/22 27; g74 10/8 30; w70 646; g69 5/8 4; w68 93; g66 2/22 14-15; ms 139; w64 395, 666; g64 7/22 8-10; bf 144-146; g63 5/8 8; w60 125-126; g58 7/22 6-7; w57 166-167; g54 7/8 25; rm 110; g51 10/8 25-26; w50 425-427; bi7-50 768; g44 11/22 7; w37 232; en 188; g36 11/4 72; g34 2/28 336
original form: g78 7/22 13; ad 1609; int69 1155-1157; w66 567; w64 666; g64 7/22 9; bf 144-146; g63 4/8 27-28; w60 127; w58 510; g58 7/22 6-7; w57 165-166, 168; w51 190; bi7-50 769-771
sacred trees in shape of, among Maya: g70 3/22 20
symbol of sun god: bf 476
Syrians’ use in worship predates Christianity: g78 6/22 10
types of crosses: g84 6/22 15
use by pagan nations: g84 6/22 15-16
use in spiritism: g78 11/8 7
Witnesses adjust view of: yb75 148-149
worship: g74 9/22 28; w72 572-573; kj 151-152; qm 271; g67 3/8 6, 15; g67 3/22 20; w64 395, 666; g64 7/22 8-10; bf 144-146; w60 125-127; g58 7/22 5-7; w57 166-168; qm55 271; g40 6/26 12, 24-25; w37 232
Quotations
adoration (Augustine): g58 7/22 5
compared to electric chair: g58 7/22 7
cross did not become the supreme symbol of Christianity until the IVth century: g84 6/22 16
Lord was put to death upon upright stake: w50 456
not until time of Constantine was cross used as Christian symbol: g63 4/8 27
originally an upright pole: g63 4/8 27
pagan symbol of life: w60 127
religious symbol before birth of Christ: w50 425
worshiped before birth of Christ: w37 232