Mɛni Eba Nɔyeli Hegbɛ Nɔ?

GBƆMƐI ni susuɔ nii ahe lɛ naa bɔ ni hegbɛ he hiaa ha. Kɛ hegbɛ he gbɛjianɔtoo ko bɛ lɛ, no lɛ etsɛŋ kwraa ni adesai ashihilɛ baafee basabasa. No hewɔ lɛ, French wolo ko ni ale jogbaŋŋ ni wieɔ nɔyeli gbɛjianɔtoo mlai kɛ amɛshishitsɔɔmɔi ahe lɛ jaje akɛ: “Anaa gbɔmɛi akui sɔrɔtoi enyɔ yɛ adesai akuu fɛɛ kuu mli: mɛi ni woɔ akpɔ kɛ mɛi ni yeɔ nɔ, mɛi ni kɛ famɔi haa kɛ mɛi ni tsuɔ he nii, hiɛnyiɛlɔi kɛ kuu lɛ mlibii, nɔyelɔi kɛ mɛi ni ayeɔ amɛnɔ. . . . Anyɛɔ anaa nɔyeli hegbɛ he gbɛjianɔtoo yɛ adesai akuu fɛɛ kuu mli.”a

Shi, su ni ayɔɔ yɛ nɔyeli hegbɛ he lɛ etsake kwraa kɛjɛ Jeŋ Ta II sɛɛ kɛbaa, ni titri lɛ kɛjɛ 1960 afii lɛ amli. Beni ewieɔ nakai be lɛ he lɛ, French wolo Encyclopædia Universalis lɛ wie “shi ni ateɔ awoɔ onukpayeli kɛ nɔyeli hegbɛ he naagba lɛ” he. Nɛkɛ naagba nɛɛ haaa Biblia kaselɔi anaa akpɛ amɛhe. Bɔfo Paulo gba efɔ shi akɛ: “Kaimɔ akɛ, je nɛɛ naagbee be lɛ baafee basabasa feemɔ be! Gbɔmɛi sumɔŋ nɔ kroko, fe amɛhe kɛ shika; amɛbaafee shwãlɔi, hewolɔi, kɛ mɛi ajɛlɔi; fɔlɔi anɔ toigbolɔi . . . ; amɛaafee mɛi ni anyɛɛɛ atsake amɛ yɛ amɛnyɛ̃ɛ su lɛ mli . . . mɛi ni anyɛɛɛ akudɔ amɛ kɛ yiwalɔi, . . . mɛi ni henɔwomɔ eyimɔ amɛ obɔbɔ. Amɛbaasumɔ amɛ miishɛɛnamɔi fe amɛ-Nyɔŋmɔ lɛ.”—2 Timoteo 3:1-4, The Revised English Bible.

Hegbɛ Ebote Oshara Mli

Nɛkɛ gbalɛ nɛɛ tsɔɔ wɔgbii kɛ wɔyinɔ nɛɛ mli jogbaŋŋ. Ateɔ shi awoɔ hegbɛi yɛ ŋɛlɛ fɛɛ ŋɛlɛ nɔ—weku, maŋ skul, universiti, jarayeli nitsumɔ hei, maŋtiase kɛ maŋ muu fɛɛ nɔyeli. Bɔlɛnamɔ mli nifeemɔi ni eba, rap lalai ni yɔɔ shɛii, skulbii abasabasa feemɔi, nitsulɔi atuatsemɔi, maŋ basabasa feemɔ, kɛ mɛi ayiwalɛ nifeemɔi fɛɛ ji okadii ni tsɔɔ bɔ ni abɛ bulɛ kwraa kɛha hegbɛi ni yeɔ nɔ lɛ.

Nilelɔ Yves Mény wie yɛ wiemɔi ahe kpee ko ni French Institute of Political Science kɛ Paris adafitswaa wolo ni atsɛɔ lɛ Le Monde lɛ tsɛ yɛ Paris lɛ shishi akɛ: “Ja hegbɛ yɛ mla naa sɛɛfimɔ ko dani ebaanyɛ ehi shi.” Yiŋtoo kome hewɔ ni naagba eba hegbɛ he lɛ ji akɛ, mɛi pii ekpɛlɛɛɛ mla naa hegbɛ ni mɛi ni yeɔ nɔ lɛ yɔɔ lɛ nɔ. No tsɔɔ akɛ, amɛkpɛlɛɛɛ hegbɛ ni amɛyɔɔ akɛ amɛyeɔ nɔ lɛ nɔ. Niiamlitaomɔ ko ni afee lɛ jie lɛ kpo akɛ yɛ 1980 afii lɛ ashishijee mli gbɛ lɛ, United States maŋ lɛ mlibii fɛɛ amlijaa oha mli 9, kɛ oha mlijaa 10 yɛ Australia, oha mlijaa 24 yɛ Britain, kɛ oha mlijaa 26 yɛ France, kɛ oha mlijaa 41 yɛ India buɔ amɛnɔyeli lɛ akɛ ejeee mla naa nɔ̃.

Mlanaa Nɔyeli Hegbɛ ni Adesai Taoɔ

Taakɛ Biblia lɛ tsɔɔ lɛ, kɛjɛ shishijee lɛ, gbɔmɔ hi Nyɔŋmɔ nɔyeli hegbɛ shishi tɛɛ. (1 Mose 1:27, 28; 2:16, 17) Shi, shishijee mli nɔŋŋ, ni adesai tao jeŋba mli heyeli kɛjɛ amɛ-Bɔlɔ lɛ shishi. (1 Mose 3:1-6) Akɛni amɛkpoo teokrase, loo Nyɔŋmɔ nɔyeli hewɔ lɛ, ebalɛ akɛ esa akɛ amɛtao nɔyeli gbɛjianɔtoi krokomɛi. (Jajelɔ 8:9) Mɛi komɛi kɛ nɔnyɛɛ jie amɛhegbɛ kpo. Yɛ amɛ gbɛfaŋ lɛ, hewalɛ ni amɛyɔɔ lɛ ji amɛhegbɛ. Efa ha amɛ akɛ amɛhe wa bɔ ni amɛkɛ nɔnyɛɛ haa afeɔ amɛsuɔmɔnaa nii. Shi, mɛi babaoo hu nu he akɛ esa akɛ amɛha mla afi hegbɛ ni amɛkɛyeɔ nɔ lɛ sɛɛ.

Kɛjɛ blema beaŋ tɔ̃ɔ lɛ, nɔyelɔi pii fee enɛ kɛtsɔ wiemɔ ni amɛwie akɛ nyɔŋmɔi ji amɛ, aloo amɛnine eshɛ hewalɛ nɔ kɛjɛ nyɔŋmɔi lɛ aŋɔɔ lɛ nɔ. Enɛ ji blema adesã mli susumɔ ni ayɔɔ ni ji “maŋtsɛyeli krɔŋŋ,” ni Mesopotamia shishijee nɔyelɔi lɛ kɛ blema Mizraim Faraoi lɛ kɛwie amɛnɔyelii lɛ ahe lɛ.

Alexander Kpeteŋkpele lɛ, kɛ Hela maŋtsɛmɛi ni baye esɛɛ lɛ, kɛ Roma maŋtsɛmɛi wuji lɛ hu tsɛ amɛhe nyɔŋmɔi, ni amɛbi po ni aja amɛ. Abale gbɛjianɔtoi ni hi shi yɛ nɛkɛ nɔyelɔi nɛɛ ashishi lɛ akɛ “nɔyelɔ teemɔŋ jamɔi,” ni amɛ yiŋtoo ji ni akɛma nɔyelɔ lɛ hegbɛ nɔ mi yɛ futufutu gbɔmɛi ni eye amɛnɔ kunim lɛ anɔ. Abuɔ jamɔ ni ajaaa nɔyelɔ lɛ fɔ akɛ eji nɔ ko ni afee ashi Maŋ lɛ. Nilelɔ Ernest Barker ŋma yɛ wolo ni gbɛi ji The Legacy of Rome lɛ mli akɛ: “Eka shi faŋŋ akɛ, [Roma] maŋtsɛ wulu, ni abuɔ lɛ akɛ nyɔŋmɔ lɛ, kɛ jamɔ ni akɛhaa lɛ yɛ nyɔŋmɔ ni akɛɛ eji nɛɛ hewɔ lɛ, ji maŋtsɛyeli lɛ shishitoo nɔ, aloo nɔ ni wajeɔ lɛ, yɛ gbɛ ko nɔ.”

Enɛ tee nɔ efee anɔkwale, beni Maŋtsɛ Konstantino (ni ye nɔ 306-337 Ŋ.B.) kpɛlɛ “Kristojamɔ” nɔ yɛ mla naa, ni sɛɛ mli lɛ Maŋtsɛ Theodosius I (ni ye nɔ 379-395 Ŋ.B.) hu kɛfee Roma Maŋtsɛyeli lɛ Maŋ jamɔ lɛ po sɛɛ. Aja maŋtsɛmɛi “Kristofoi” lɛ ekomɛi akɛ nyɔŋmɔi aahu kɛbashi Ŋ.B. afii ohai enumɔ lɛ mli tɔ̃ɔ.

“Hewalɛi Enyɔ,” “Klantei Enyɔ”

Beni paapa gbɛhe lɛ bana hewalɛ waa lɛ, naagbai ni yɔɔ Sɔlemɔ lɛ kɛ Maŋ lɛ teŋ lɛ mli bawo wu. No hewɔ lɛ, yɛ Ŋ.B. afii ohai enumɔ lɛ naagbee gbɛ lɛ, Paapa Gelasius I to shishitoo mlai ni ji “hewalɛi enyɔ” lɛ shishi: paapai ahewalɛ krɔŋŋ lɛ baahi shi kɛfata maŋtsɛmɛi odehei ahewalɛ lɛ he—ni maŋtsɛmɛi lɛ baa shi, ni amɛyɛ paapai lɛ ashishi. Yɛ sɛɛ mli lɛ, nɛkɛ shishitoo mla nɛɛ tsake ni ebatsɔ “klantei enyɔ” lɛ: “Paapai lɛ diɛŋtsɛ hiɛ mumɔŋ klante lɛ, ni amɛkɛ shikpɔŋ nɔ klante lɛ eha nɔyelɔi ni jeee osɔfoi lɛ, shi kɛlɛ, esa akɛ nɔyelɔi lɛ kɛ shikpɔŋ nɔ klante lɛ atsu nii yɛ paapai lɛ agbɛtsɔɔmɔ naa.” (The New Encyclopædia Britannica) Yɛ nɛkɛ tsɔɔmɔ nɛɛ hewɔ lɛ, yɛ Teŋgbɛ Afii lɛ amli lɛ, Katolik Sɔlemɔ lɛ wie akɛ eyɛ hegbɛ ni ewóɔ maŋtsɛmɛi wuji kɛ maŋtsɛmɛi bibii fɛɛ, bɔni afee ni amɛhegbɛ lɛ ana sɛɛfimɔ yɛ mla naa, ni amɛkɛ nakai feemɔ tsa blema adesã ni ji “maŋtsɛyeli krɔŋŋ” lɛ nɔ.

Shi, esaaa akɛ akɛ enɛ futuɔ nɔ ni atsɛ lɛ akɛ maŋtsɛmɛi ahegbɛ ni jɛ ŋwɛi, ni ji nifeemɔ ko ni ba yɛ sɛɛ mli, kɛ yiŋtoo akɛ abaaha maŋkwramɔŋ nɔyelɔi lɛ aye amɛhe kɛjɛ paapa lɛ shishi lɛ. Ŋwɛi-hegbɛ yiŋsusumɔ nɛɛ tsɔɔ akɛ maŋtsɛmɛi lɛ naa amɛ nɔyeli hewalɛ lɛ kɛjɛɔ Nyɔŋmɔ ŋɔɔ tɛɛ, shi jeee kɛtsɔ Roma paapa lɛ nɔ. New Catholic Encyclopedia lɛ wie akɛ: “Be mli beni paapa lɛ yɔɔ mumɔŋ kɛ shikpɔŋ nɔ nɔyeli hewalɛ po yɛ je lɛŋ fɛɛ yɛ maji anɔyelɔi lɛ anɔ lɛ, ŋwɛi hegbɛ susumɔ lɛ kɛ heyeli maji anɔ maŋtsɛmɛi lɛ wo gbɛhe ko mli, ni eha amɛbu nɔyeli hewalɛ ni amɛyɔɔ lɛ akɛ ejɛ ŋwɛi nakai nɔŋŋ tamɔ paapa lɛ nɔ lɛ.”b

Blema Adesã ni Tsɔɔ Maŋbii Ahewalɛ yɛ Nɔyeli lɛ Mli Lɛ

Beni be shwie mli lɛ, gbɔmɛi kɛ ŋaawoo ha yɛ hewalɛ jɛɛhei krokomɛi ahe. Ekome ji gbɔmɛi lɛ amaŋtsɛyeli hewalɛ. Mɛi pii heɔ yeɔ akɛ nɛkɛ susumɔ nɛɛ je shishi yɛ Hela. Shi akɛ blema Hela demokrase nɔyeli lɛ tsu nii yɛ maŋtiase maji fioo pɛ mli, ni maŋbii ni ji hii pɛ fɔ̃ɔ oshiki yɛ nɛkɛ maji nɛɛ amli. Ajieɔ yei, nyɔji, kɛ gbɔi ni ebahi maŋ lɛ mli—ni abuɔ akɔntaa akɛ amɛyifalɛ shɛɔ aaafee maŋ muu lɛ fã, loo emlijaa enumɔ mli ejwɛ—lɛ yɛ mli. Enɛ jeee maŋbii ahewalɛ yɛ nɔyeli mli yɛ gbɛ ko kwraa nɔ!

Namɔ wo maŋbii amaŋtsɛyeli hewalɛ nɛɛ he hewalɛ? Nɔ ni yɔɔ naakpɛɛ ji akɛ, Roma Katolik jamɔ he nilelɔi ji mɛi ni je shishi yɛ Teŋgbɛ Afii lɛ amli. Yɛ afii ohai 13 lɛ mli lɛ, Thomas Aquinas wie akɛ eyɛ mli akɛ maŋtsɛyeli jɛɔ Nyɔŋmɔ ŋɔɔ moŋ, shi akɛ hewalɛ lɛ ewo maŋbii adɛŋ. Nɛkɛ susumɔ nɛɛ bagbɛ eshwa waa. New Catholic Encyclopedia lɛ kɛɔ akɛ: “Katolik jamɔ he nilelɔi ni hi shi yɛ afii ohai 17 lɛ mli lɛ ateŋ mɛi babaoo diɛŋtsɛ fi nɛkɛ susumɔ ni akɛba akɛ maŋbii adɛŋ nɔyeli hewalɛ jɛɔ kɛbaa nɛɛ sɛɛ.”

Mɛni hewɔ sɔlemɔ ni gbɔmɛi lɛ bɛ naabu ko kwraa yɛ paapa, loo osɔfonukpa loo osɔfo halamɔ mli lɛ mli jamɔ he nilelɔi kɛ susumɔ ko aaaba akɛ maŋbii adɛŋ maŋtsɛyeli hewalɛ lɛ yɔɔ? Ejaakɛ Europa maŋtsɛmɛi komɛi naaa miishɛɛ kwraa yɛ paapa lɛ hewalɛ lɛ shishi. Maŋbii amaŋtsɛyeli hewalɛ he susumɔ lɛ ha paapa lɛ hewalɛ ni ebaanyɛ ekɛkpa maŋtsɛ lɛ kɛji ehe miihia ni efee nakai. Yinɔsaneŋmalɔi Will kɛ Ariel Durant ŋma akɛ: “Jesuit osɔfoi pii fi nɛkɛ maŋbii amaŋtsɛyeli hewalɛ nɛɛ sɛɛ, ni amɛna akɛ amɛbaanyɛ amɛtsɔ nɛkɛ susumɔ nɛɛ nɔ amɛba odehei ahewalɛ lɛ shi ni amɛwo paapa lɛ hewalɛ lɛ nɔ. Osɔfonukpa Bellarmine wie akɛ, kɛji maŋtsɛmɛi lɛ náa amɛnɔyeli hegbɛ lɛ kɛjɛɔ gbɔmɛi lɛ adɛŋ, ni no hewɔ lɛ amɛyɛ maŋbii lɛ ashishi lɛ, no lɛ eka shi faŋŋ akɛ amɛyɛ paapai lɛ hu anɔyeli hegbɛ shishi . . . Luis Molina, ni ji Jesuit osɔfo ko ni jɛ Spain lɛ mu sane naa akɛ, ákɛ je lɛŋ nɔyeli hegbɛ jɛɛhe lɛ, gbɔmɛi lɛ baanyɛ amɛkpa maŋtsɛ ko ni ejaaa, yɛ gbɛ ni ja nɔ—shi moŋ kɛtsɔ gbɛjianɔtoo kpakpa nɔ.”

Shi, paapa lɛ ji mɔ ni baato “gbɛjianɔtoo kpakpa” lɛ he gbɛjianɔ. Beni emaa enɛ nɔ mi lɛ, Katolik wolo ni aŋma yɛ French mli, ni gbɛi ji Histoire Universelle de l’Eglise Catholique lɛ tsɛ wiemɔi asɛɛ kɛjɛ Biographie universelle lɛ mli, ni kɛɔ akɛ: “Bellarmine . . . tsɔɔ bɔ ni lumɛi lɛ naa amɛhewalɛ kɛjɛɔ mɔ ni maŋbii lɛ halaa lɛ lɛ mli, ní gbɔmɛi lɛ baanyɛ amɛkɛ hegbɛ nɛɛ atsu nii yɛ paapa lɛ hewalɛ pɛ shishi lɛ akɛ Katolik tsɔɔmɔ ni ale jogbaŋŋ.” (Wɔ wɔtsɔmɔ wiemɔ lɛ.) Enɛ hewɔ lɛ, maŋbii amaŋtsɛyeli hewalɛ lɛ batsɔ dɛŋdade ni paapa lɛ baanyɛ ekɛtsu nii ni ekɛna amɛ nɔ hewalɛ yɛ nɔyelɔi ahalamɔ mli, ní kɛ ehe miihia lɛ, ekɛha akpa amɛ. Yɛ bei nɛɛ amli lɛ, eha Katolik jamɔ mli hiɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ enyɛ amɛna oshikifɔlɔi ni ji Katolikbii lɛ anɔ hewalɛ yɛ demokrasei ni mɛi damɔɔ maŋbii anajiaŋ lɛ amli.

Yɛ ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ demokrase nɔyelii amli lɛ, mla naa sɛɛfimɔ ni nɔyeli naa lɛ damɔ nɔ ni atsɛɔ lɛ akɛ “mɛi ni ayeɔ amɛnɔ lɛ anɔkpɛlɛmɔ” lɛ nɔ. Shi, kɛ áfee he eko aahu lɛ, enɛ feɔ “mɛi ni fa anɔkpɛlɛmɔ,” ni oshikifɔlɔi lɛ ahejɔfeemɔ kɛ maŋkwramɔŋ juu-kɛ-fɔ̃ nifeemɔi ahewɔ lɛ, bei pii lɛ, nɛkɛ “mɛi ni fa” nɛɛ bafeɔ maŋbii lɛ ateŋ mɛi fioo pɛ. Ŋmɛnɛ, yɛ bei babaoo mli lɛ, “mɛi ni ayeɔ amɛnɔ lɛ anɔkpɛlɛmɔ” lɛ jeee nɔ ko, fe “gbɛ ni mɛi ni ayeɔ amɛnɔ lɛ ŋmɛɔ, aloo amɛhe ni amɛŋmɛɛ.”

Maŋ Nɔyeli Hewalɛ he Blema Adesã Lɛ

Blema adesã ni ji maŋtsɛyeli krɔŋŋ ni mra be mli paapai lɛ wo he hewalɛ lɛ baye paapa gbɛhe lɛ nɔŋŋ awui beni etsake ni etsɔ ŋwɛi hegbɛ ni maŋtsɛmɛi lɛ yɔɔ lɛ. Nakai nɔŋŋ maŋbii amaŋtsɛyeli hewalɛ lɛ hu baye Katolik Sɔlemɔ ni kɛba lɛ nɔŋŋ awui. Yɛ afii ohai 17 kɛ 18 lɛ mli lɛ, je lɛŋ bii ni ji jeŋ nilelɔi, tamɔ Ŋleshibii Thomas Hobbes kɛ John Locke kɛ Frenchnyo Jean-Jacques Rousseau, susu maŋbii amaŋtsɛyeli hewalɛ nɛɛ he ekoŋŋ. Amɛkɛ tsakemɔi komɛi ba yɛ yiŋsusumɔ ni kɔɔ “shihilɛ mli kpaŋmɔ” ni kã nɔyelɔi lɛ kɛ mɛi ni ayeɔ amɛnɔ lɛ ateŋ lɛ he lɛ he. Amɛshishitoo mlai lɛ damɔɔɔ jamɔ he nilee nɔ, shi moŋ “adebɔɔ mli mla” nɔ, ni jwɛŋmɔ nɛɛ yagbe naa kɛ susumɔi ni ye Katolik Sɔlemɔ lɛ kɛ paapa gbɛjianɔtoo lɛ awui waa.

Rousseau gbele sɛɛ etsɛɛɛ nɔŋŋ kɛkɛ ni French Maŋ Hiɛtsakemɔ lɛ ba. Nɛkɛ maŋ hiɛtsakemɔ nɛɛ kpata susumɔi komɛi ni ayɔɔ yɛ mla sɛɛfimɔ he lɛ ahiɛ, shi ekɛ ehee ba, ni ji maŋ muu fɛɛ nɔyeli he susumɔ lɛ. The New Encyclopædia Britannica wieɔ akɛ: “Frenchbii kpoo ŋwɛi hegbɛ ni maŋtsɛmɛi yɔɔ, kɛ odehei ni aha amɛnɔ ekwɔlɔ, kɛ hegbɛi ni Roma Katolik Sɔlemɔ lɛ yɔɔ lɛ kwraa.” Shi, Britannica kɛɔ akɛ “Maŋ Hiɛtsakemɔ lɛ eha yiŋsusumɔ hee ni ekɛba, ni ji heyeli-maŋ lɛ eda jogbaŋŋ kɛmɔ shi.” Nɛkɛ “yiŋsusumɔ” nɛɛ he miihia maŋ hiɛtsakelɔi lɛ. Mɛni hewɔ?

Ejaakɛ yɛ gbɛjianɔtoo ni Rousseau kɛba lɛ naa lɛ, maŋbii fɛɛ baana hegbɛ ni yeɔ egbɔ yɛ nɔyelɔi ahalamɔ mli. Nɔ ni enɛ kɛbaaba ji demokrase nɔyeli ni damɔ oshikifɔɔ hegbɛ ni mɛi fɛɛ yɔɔ lɛ nɔ—nɔ ko ni French Maŋ Hiɛtsakemɔ hiɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ nyaaa he. Nilelɔ Duverger tsɔɔ mli akɛ: “Nɔ ni jɛ mli kɛba, ni asusuɔ akɛ ehiii, ni ataoɔ atsĩ naa nɛɛ tuuŋtu hewɔ ni, kɛjɛ 1789 kɛyashi 1791 lɛ, Nɔyeli-too Gwabɔɔ lɛ mli niiatsɛmɛi lɛ kɛ maŋ muu fɛɛ nɔyeli he yiŋsusumɔ lɛ ba lɛ. Amɛkɛ gbɛi ni ji ‘Maŋ’ lɛ tsɛɔ gbɔmɛi lɛ, ni amɛbuɔ no akɛ nɔ diɛŋtsɛ ni yɔɔ ni hiɛ ehe, ni esoro lɛ yɛ fãi ni fata he lɛ ahe. Maŋ lɛ pɛ yɔɔ hegbɛ ni ekɛ nɔyeli hewalɛ tsuɔ nii, kɛtsɔ enajiaŋdamɔlɔi anɔ . . . Esu tamɔ demokrase, shi maŋ muu fɛɛ nɔyeli he tsɔɔmɔ lɛ jeee demokrase diɛŋtsɛ kwraa, ejaakɛ abaanyɛ akɛtsu nii ni akɛbu nɔyeli gbɛjianɔtoo fɛɛ gbɛjianɔtoo bem, titri lɛ, nɔnyɛɛ nɔyeli.” (Lɛ etsɔmɔ niŋmaa lɛ.)

Adesai Amɔdɛŋbɔɔ Yeee Omanye

Kpɛlɛmɔ ni akpɛlɛ Heyeli-Maŋ lɛ nɔ akɛ nɔyeli hegbɛ mla naa jɛɛhe lɛ kɛ maŋ hedɔɔ ba. The New Encyclopædia Britannica lɛ wieɔ akɛ: “Bei pii lɛ asusuɔ akɛ maŋ hedɔɔ etsɛ waa; bei komɛi lɛ abuɔ lɛ yɛ gbɛ ni ejaaa nɔ akɛ oti ko ni yɔɔ daa yɛ maŋkwramɔŋ nifeemɔ mli. Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, abaanyɛ abu Amerika kɛ French maŋ hiɛtsakemɔi lɛ akɛ eklɛŋklɛŋ kpojiemɔi ni mli wa fe fɛɛ.” Kɛjɛ nakai maŋ hiɛtsakemɔi lɛ anɔ kɛbaa nɛɛ, maŋ hedɔɔ egbɛ eshwa Amerika maji amli, kɛ Europa, Afrika, kɛ Asia. Ábu tai ni akɛkpata nii ahiɛ waa lɛ akɛ nɔ ni mla fiɔ sɛɛ yɛ maŋ hedɔɔ hewɔ.

Britanianyo yinɔsaneŋmalɔ Arnold Toynbee ŋma akɛ: “Maŋ Hedɔɔ mumɔ lɛ ji Demokrase wein hee ni akɛwo Weku Mligbalamɔ tɔi memeji amli ni aha enaa ewa waa. . . . Nɛkɛ gbeekpamɔ ni yɔɔ naakpɛɛ ni eba Demokrase kɛ Weku Mligbalamɔ teŋ nɛɛ efee nɔ ni yɔɔ hewalɛ waa yɛ maŋkwramɔ he nitsumɔ diɛŋtsɛ mli yɛ wɔ Anaigbɛ Je lɛ mli fe Demokrase diɛŋtsɛ.” Maŋ hedɔɔ hako jeŋ ni toiŋjɔlɛ yɔɔ mli aba. Toynbee kɛɛ: “Nɔ ni nyiɛ Jamɔ he Tai ni awuu, yɛ be kukuoo ni akɛfo mli lɛ sɛɛ ji Maŋ Hedɔɔ he Tai; ni yɛ wɔ ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ Anaigbɛ Jeŋ nɛɛ mli lɛ, jamɔ he sɛkɛyeli mumɔ lɛ kɛ maŋ hedɔɔ he sɛkɛyeli mumɔ lɛ fɛɛ jeɔ kpo akɛ henumɔ fɔŋ koome lɛ nɔŋŋ.”

Nɔyelɔi etsɔ blema adesãi ni ji “maŋtsɛyeli krɔŋŋ,” “maŋtsɛmɛi ahegbɛ ni jɛ ŋwɛi,” “maŋbii ahewalɛ yɛ nɔyeli mli,” kɛ “maŋ muu fɛɛ maŋtsɛyeli” nɔ amɛka akɛ amɛaana mla naa sɛɛfimɔ amɛha hewalɛ ni amɛkɛyeɔ amɛnanemɛi adesai anɔ lɛ. Shi, beni wɔsusu nibii ni adesai nɔyelɔi efee kɛho lɛ ahe sɛɛ lɛ, Kristofonyo lɛ kɛ wiemɔi ni Salomo wie nɛɛ kpaa gbee, akɛ: “Gbɔmɔ yeɔ enaanyo gbɔmɔ nɔ ni ekɛyeɔ ehe awui.”—Jajelɔ 8:9.

Yɛ nɔ najiaŋ ni amɛaaja maŋkwramɔŋ Maŋ lɛ, Kristofoi jaa Nyɔŋmɔ ni amɛkpɛlɛɔ enɔ akɛ hegbɛ fɛɛ mla naa jɛɛhe. Amɛkɛ lalatsɛ David kpaa gbee, mɔ ni wie akɛ: “Bo, Yahweh, onɔ ji dalɛ lɛ, kɛ hewalɛ lɛ, kɛ agbojee lɛ, gbii asɛɛjɛkɛmɔ kɛ anunyam lɛ, nɔ fɛɛ nɔ ni yɔɔ ŋwɛi kɛ shikpɔŋ nɔ lɛ onɔ ni. Onɔ ji maŋtsɛyeli lɛ, Yahweh; awo onɔ gojoo, ni onɔ kwɔ fe mɔ fɛɛ mɔ.” (1 Kronika 29:11, The New Jerusalem Bible) Ni kɛlɛ, yɛ bulɛ ni amɛyɔɔ amɛha Nyɔŋmɔ lɛ hewɔ lɛ, amɛjieɔ bulɛ kpakpa kpo amɛtsɔɔ nɔyelɔi yɛ je lɛŋ shihilɛ kɛ mumɔŋ gbɛfaŋ fɛɛ. Abaasusu bɔ ni amɛbaanyɛ amɛfee enɛ amɛha, kɛ nɔ hewɔ ni amɛbaanyɛ amɛfee kɛ miishɛɛ lɛ he yɛ saji enyɔ ni nyiɛ sɛɛ lɛ amli.

[Shishigbɛ niŋmai]

[Mfoniri ni yɔɔ baafa 15]

Katolik Sɔlemɔ lɛ wie akɛ eyɛ hegbɛ ni ekɛwoɔ maŋtsɛmɛi wuji kɛ maŋtsɛmɛi bibii fɛɛ

[He ni Sane lɛ Jɛ]

Charlemagne krɔŋkrɔŋ-feemɔ: Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris