“Yehowa” Aloo “Yahweh”?
“EJI nibii enyɔ ni yɔɔ srɔto,” “eji wiemɔ ko ni aná kɛjɛ wiemɔi srɔtoi amli,” “etamɔɔɔ bɔ ni eji diɛŋtsɛ kwraa.” Mɛni tsirɛ Biblia woloŋlelɔi ni ji Hebribii lɛ ni amɛkɛ wiemɔ ni tsɔɔ saji anɔmimaa nɛkɛ tsu nii? Sane ni asusuɔ he lɛ ji nɔ ni tsɔɔ kɛji akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛi “Yehowa” lɛ ji Blɔfo wiemɔ gbɛ ni ja ni atsɛɔ lɛ aloo jeee nakai. Akɛ nɔ ni fe afii oha etee nɔ etaa sane nɛɛ naa aahu. Ŋmɛnɛ, etamɔ nɔ ni woloŋlelɔi pii kɛɔ akɛ “Yahweh” ni hiɛ gbɛɛmɔi enyɔ lɛ ji nɔ ni ja. Shi, ani bɔ ni atsɛɔ “Yehowa” lɛ ‘tamɔɔɔ bɔ ni eji diɛŋtsɛ kwraa’ lɛɛlɛŋ?
Nɔ ni Kɛ Sane Naataamɔ lɛ Ba
Taakɛ Biblia lɛ tsɔɔ lɛ, Nyɔŋmɔ diɛŋtsɛ jie egbɛi lɛ shi etsɔɔ adesai. (2 Mose 3:15) Odaseyelii ni yɔɔ Ŋmalɛ lɛ mli lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ tsuji ni hi shi blema lɛ kɛ nakai gbɛi lɛ tsu nii ni amɛsheee gbeyei. (1 Mose 12:8; Rut 2:4) Maji krokomɛi hu bale Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛi lɛ. (Yoshua 2:9) Enɛ bafee anɔkwale waa, beni Yudafoi lɛ ku amɛsɛɛ kɛjɛ nomŋɔɔ mli yɛ Babilon ni amɛkɛ jeŋmajiaŋbii pii bɔi bɔɔ lɛ. (Lala 96:2-10; Yesaia 12:4; Maleaki 1:11) The Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible lɛ kɛɔ akɛ: “Odaseyelii babaoo yɛ ni tsɔɔ akɛ, kɛjɛ beni Yudafoi lɛ jɛ nomŋɔɔ mli kɛbashi Kristofoi abeaŋ lɛ, maŋsɛɛ bii pii kɛ amɛhe wo Yudafoi lɛ ajamɔ lɛ mli.” Shi kɛlɛ, beni shɛɔ Ŋ.B. klɛŋklɛŋ afi oha lɛ, no mli lɛ, Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛi lɛ he gbeyeishemɔ eje shishi. Yɛ naagbee lɛ, jeee akɛ Yudafoi lɛ kɛ Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛi lɛ kpa nitsumɔ yɛ faŋŋ mli kɛkɛ, shi moŋ, amɛgu etsɛmɔ hu kwraa. Enɛ hewɔ lɛ, bɔ ni atsɛɔ lɛ diɛŋtsɛ lɛ laaje—aloo ani elaaje?
Mɛni Abaanyɛ Ana yɛ Gbɛi Mli?
Aŋmaa Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛi lɛ יהוה yɛ Hebri wiemɔ mli. Afɔɔ nɛkɛ wiemɔ okadii ejwɛ nɛɛ, ni akaneɔ kɛjɛɔ ninejurɔgbɛ kɛyaa abɛkugbɛ lɛ tsɛmɔ akɛ Tetragrammaton. Gbɔmɛi kɛ maji anɔ gbɛi pii ni atsĩtsĩi tã yɛ Biblia lɛ mli lɛ hiɛ Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛi lɛ ni afo nɔ kuku. Ani nɛkɛ gbɛi diɛŋtsɛ nɛɛ baanyɛ aha wɔ gbɛ̀i komɛi ni wɔɔtsɔ nɔ wɔle bɔ ni atsɛɔ Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛi lɛ?
George Buchanan, ni ji nilelɔ ni eba hejɔɔmɔ shi kɛlɛ ehiɛ gbɛhe ni eyɔɔ lɛ mli lolo yɛ Wesley Theological Seminary, Washington, D.C., U.S.A., ha hetoo akɛ, hɛɛ. Nilelɔ Buchanan tsɔɔ mli akɛ: “Blema beaŋ lɛ, fɔlɔi kɛ amɛ nyɔŋmɔi lɛ agbɛi fɔɔ amɛbii lɛ tsɛmɔ. Ni tsɔɔ akɛ, amɛbaatsɛ amɛbii lɛ agbɛi tamɔ bɔ ni atsɛɔ amɛ nyɔŋmɔi lɛ. Akɛ Tetragrammaton wo gbɔmɛi agbɛi amli, ni amɛkɛ gbɛɛmɔ wiemɔ okadi ni yɔɔ teŋgbɛ lɛ tsuɔ nii be fɛɛ be.”
Nyɛhaa wɔkwɛa nɔkwɛmɔ nii fioo komɛi ni kɔɔ gbɛi ni yɔɔ Biblia lɛ mli, ni Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛi ni afo nɔ kuku fata he. Nilelɔ Buchanan kɛɔ akɛ, Yonatan ni aŋmaa lɛ Yoh·na·thanʹ aloo Yehoh·na·thanʹ yɛ Hebri Biblia lɛ mli lɛ shishi ji “Yaho aloo Yahowah kɛha.” Atsɛɔ gbalɔ Elia akɛ ʼE·li·yahʹ aloo ʼE·li·yaʹhu yɛ Hebri wiemɔ mli. Taakɛ Nilelɔ Buchanan tsɔɔ lɛ, gbɛi lɛ shishi ji: “Mi-Nyɔŋmɔ lɛ ji Yahoo aloo Yahoo-wah.” Nakai nɔŋŋ atsɛɔ Yehoshafat yɛ Hebri mli akɛ Yehoh-sha·phatʹ, ni eshishi ji “Yaho ekojo.”
Kɛ abaatsɛ Tetragrammaton lɛ ni egbɛɛ shii enyɔ lɛ taakɛ eji yɛ “Yahweh” mli lɛ, no lɛ gbɛɛmɔ wiemɔ okadi ni ji o lɛ baŋ mli, ni efataŋ Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛi lɛ he. Shi anaa gbɛɛmɔ wiemɔ okadi ni yɔɔ teŋgbɛ nɛɛ yɛ gbɛi pii ni yɔɔ Biblia lɛ mli ni hiɛ Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛi lɛ, yɛ gbɛi ni afolɔko amɛnɔ kuku kɛ nɔ ni afolɔ amɛnɔ kuku lɛ fɛɛ mli, taakɛ anaa yɛ Yehonathan kɛ Yonathan mli lɛ. Enɛ hewɔ lɛ Nilelɔ Buchanan wieɔ yɛ Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛi lɛ he akɛ: “Ajieee gbɛɛmɔ wiemɔ okadi ni ji oo aloo oh lɛ yɛ eko kwraa mli. Bei komɛi lɛ afoɔ wiemɔ lɛ nɔ kuku atsɛɔ lɛ, ‘Ya,’ shi afooo nɔ kuku afeee lɛ ‘Ya-weh’ kɔkɔɔkɔ . . . Kɛ atsɛ Tetragrammaton lɛ koni egbɛɛ shikome lɛ, no lɛ egbɛɛɔ ‘Yah’ aloo ‘Yo.’ Shi kɛ atsɛ koni egbɛɛ shii etɛ lɛ, no lɛ ebaagbɛɛ ‘Yahowah’ aloo ‘Yahoowah.’ Kɛji akɛ afo nɔ kuku pɛŋ koni egbɛɛ shii enyɔ lɛ, no lɛ ebaagbɛɛ ‘Yaho.’ ”—Biblical Archaeology Review.
Nɛkɛ saji nɛɛ yeɔ ebuaa wɔ koni wɔnu nɔ ni afii ohai 19 lɛ mli Hebri woloŋlelɔ Gesenius wie yɛ ewolo ni ji, Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures lɛ mli lɛ shishi: “Mɛi ni kpɛlɛɔ nɔ akɛ יְהוָֹה [Ye-ho-wah] ji bɔ ni atsɛɔ [Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛi] lɛ diɛŋtsɛ lɛ yɛ nɔ ni amɛaadamɔ nɔ amɛkɛfĩ amɛsusumɔ lɛ sɛɛ. Yɛ nɛkɛ gbɛ nɔ lɛ, abaanyɛ akɛ sanemlitsɔɔmɔ ni sa ni kɔɔ shii abɔ ni bɔ ni afolɔ nɔ kukuji, ni ji יְהוֹ [Ye-ho] kɛ יוֹ [Yo] lɛ gbɛɔ lɛ aha.”
Shi kɛlɛ Everett Fox tsĩ tã yɛ The Five Books of Moses wolo lɛ ni etsɔɔ shishi nyɛsɛɛ nɛɛ mli yɛ hiɛkpamɔ lɛ mli akɛ: “Ayeko omanye yɛ mɔdɛŋ ni abɔ blema kɛ amrɔ nɛɛ koni ana bɔ ni atsɛɔ [Nyɔŋmɔ] gbɛi yɛ gbɛ ni ‘ja’ nɔ yɛ Hebri mli lɛ mli; ni asaŋ anyɛko amu sane naa akɛ “Yehowa” ni anuɔ bei komɛi lɛ aloo “Yahweh” ni woloŋlelɔi kɛtsuɔ nii lɛ akɛ amɛ ja.”
Ŋwanejee ko bɛ he akɛ woloŋlelɔi lɛ baakã he aje ŋwane lolo. Yudafoi lɛ kpa anɔkwale Nyɔŋmɔ lɛ gbɛi tsɛmɔ dani Masoretebii lɛ kɛ gbɛɛmɔ wiemɔ okadi gbɛjianɔtoo lɛ bɔi nitsumɔ. Enɛ hewɔ lɛ, anyɛɛɛ atsɔɔ gbɛɛmɔ wiemɔ okadii pɔtɛɛ ni fata wiemɔ okadii ni ji YHWH (יהוה) lɛ ahe. Shi kɛlɛ, Biblia mli gbɛi lɛ—ni amɛ gbɛi lɛ tsɛmɔ yɛ gbɛ ni ja nɔ lɛ elaajeko kwraa lɛ—kɛ gbɛ ko haa ni tsɔɔ bɔ ni blemabii lɛ tsɛ Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛi lɛ yɛ faŋŋ mli. Yɛ sane nɛɛ hewɔ lɛ, kɛhoo kwraa lɛ woloŋlelɔi komɛi kpɛlɛɔ nɔ akɛ bɔ ni atsɛɔ gbɛi lɛ akɛ “Yehowa” lɛ jeee nɔ ko ni ‘tamɔɔɔ bɔ ni eji diɛŋtsɛ lɛ.”
[Mfoniri ni yɔɔ baafa 31]
“Yehowa” ji gbɛi ni ale waa ni akɛtsɛɔ Nyɔŋmɔ