Malifalensi a Kabuku ka Umoyo na Utumiki
JULY 5-11
CUMA COPEZEKA M’MAWU A MULUNGU | DEUTERONOMO 11-12
“Kodi Yehova Amafuna Kuti Tizimulambila Motani?”
it-2 1007 ¶4
Moyo, Camoyo
Kutumikila na Moyo Wonse. Monga taonela, liwu lakuti “moyo” (soul) kweni-kweni limatanthauza munthu yense wathunthu. Komabe, pali Malemba ena amene amatilimbikitsa kufuna-funa Mulungu, kum’konda, na kum’tumikila ‘ndi mtima wathu wonse ndiponso moyo wathu wonse’ (Deut. 4:29; 11:13, 18). Lemba la Deuteronomo 6:5 limati: “Uzikonda Yehova Mulungu wako ndi mtima wako wonse, moyo wako wonse, ndi mphamvu zako zonse.” Yesu anati tiyenela kutumikila na moyo wathu wonse, mphamvu zathu zonse, ndipo anawonjezela kuti “ndi maganizo ako onse.” (Maliko 12:30; Luka 10:27) Izi zimabweletsa funso lakuti, N’cifukwa ciani zinthu zinazi zimachulidwa pamodzi na moyo popeza moyo umaphatikizapo zonse zimenezi? Kuti timvetsetse tanthauzo lake, tiyelekezele motele: Tinene kuti munthu wadzigulitsa (wagulitsa moyo wake) monga kapolo wa munthu wina. Akatelo amakhala wa munthu winayo, amene ni mbuye wake. Koma zingatheke kuti munthuyo sakutumikila mbuye wake na mtima wonse, ndipo alibe cifuno com’kondweletsa. Munthu wotelo sangagwilitsile nchito mphamvu zake zonse kapena nzelu zake zonse pocita cifunilo ca mbuye wakeyo. (Yelekezelani na Aef. 6:5; Akol. 3:22.) Conco n’zoonekelatu kuti mbali zinazi za moyo zimachulidwa pofuna kuonetsa kuti n’zofunika, ndipo sitiyenela kuziiŵala koma tiyenela kuzigwilitsila nchito potumikila Mulungu, amene ni Mbuye wathu, komanso Mwana wake, amene tinagulidwa na moyo wake wopelekedwa monga dipo. Kutumikila Mulungu na “moyo wathu wonse” kumaphatikizapo munthu yense wathunthu. Kumaloŵetsapo mbali iliyonse ya thupi lathu, nzelu, mphamvu, kapena zimene timalakalaka.—Yelekezelani na Mat. 5:28-30; Luka 21:34-36; Aef. 6:6-9; Afil. 3:19; Akol. 3:23, 24.
it-1 84 ¶3
Guwa la Nsembe
Aisiraeli analangizidwa kuti akagwetse maguwa ansembe onse a anthu a ku Kanani, kuphwanya zipilala zawo zopatulika, na kudula mizati yawo yopatulika, imene nthawi zambili inali kumangidwa pafupi na maguwawo. (Eks. 34:13; Deut. 7:5, 6; 12:1-3) Anawacenjeza kuti asakapangeko zinthu ngati zimenezo, kapena kupeleka ana awo nsembe mwa kuwatentha pamoto, mmene Akanani anali kucitila. (Deut. 12:30, 31; 16:21) Aisiraeli anauzidwanso kuti asakakhale na maguwa ansembe ambili. Koma guwa limodzi cabe, loseŵenzetsa polambila Mulungu mmodzi yekha woona, limene linali kudzamangidwa pa malo osankhidwa na Yehova. (Deut. 12:2-6, 13, 14, 27; onani kusiyana kwa zimenezi na Ababulo, amene mulungu wawo mmodzi cabe wamkazi wochedwa Ishitara anali na maguwa ansembe 180.) Aisiraeli atawoloka Mtsinje wa Yorodano, coyamba anauzidwa kuti amange guwa lansembe la miyala yosasema (Deut. 27:4-8), ndipo Yoswa ndiye anamanga guwalo pa Phili la Ebala. (Yos. 8:30-32) Pambuyo pakuti Aisiraeli alanda dziko la Kanani na kuligaŵana, mafuko a Rubeni, Gadi, na hafu ya fuko la Manase anamanga guwa lansembe lalikulu kwambili m’mbali mwa Mtsinje wa Yorodano, zimene zinakwiyitsa mafuko enawo kwa kanthawi, mpaka pamene zinadziŵika kuti guwalo silinali umboni wa kupanduka, koma linali cabe cikumbutso cakuti anayenela kukhala okhulupilika kwa Yehova, Mulungu woona.—Jos 22:10-34.
Kufufuza Cuma Cauzimu
it-1 925-926
Gerizimu, Phili
Pomvela malangizo a Mose, mafuko a Isiraeli motsogoleledwa na Yoswa anasonkhana pa Mapili a Gerizimu na Ebala, atangogonjetsa kumene Ai. Ali kumeneko, anthuwo anamvetsela pamene Yoswa anali kuŵelenga madalitso amene akanalandila ngati akanamvela Yehova, komanso matembelelo amene akanawagwela akanapanda kumvela. Mafuko a Simiyoni, Levi, Yuda, Isakara, Yosefe, na Benjamini anaima m’Phili la Gerizimu. Alevi na likasa la pangano anaima m’cigwa, ndipo mafuko enawo 6 anaima m’Phili la Ebala. (Deut. 11:29, 30; 27:11-13; Yos. 8:28-35) Cioneka kuti mafuko amene anaima m’Phili la Gerizimu anali kuyankha ngati madalitso aŵelengedwa moyang’ana iwo anali, ndipo mafuko enawo anali kuyankha matembelelo akaŵelengedwa moyang’ana Phili la Ebala. Ena amakamba kuti madalitso anali kuŵelengedwa moyang’ana Phili la Gerizimu cifukwa n’lokongola komanso laconde kusiyana na Phili la Ebala, limene n’lamiyala ndiponso lopanda conde kweni-kweni. Koma Baibo siikambapo ciliconse pankhaniyi. Cilamulo cinaŵelengedwa “pamaso pa mpingo wonse wa Isiraeli, akazi ndi ana aang’ono komanso alendo okhala pakati pawo anali pomwepo.” (Yos. 8:35) Khamu lalikulu limeneli la anthu linali kumva mawu amene anali kuŵelengedwa olo kuti anthuwo anakhala pa mapili aŵili osiyana. Mwina cifukwa cimodzi cimene cinapangitsa kuti zimenezi zitheke n’cakuti malowa ni a bata kwambili.
JULY 12-18
CUMA COPEZEKA M’MAWU A MULUNGU | DEUTERONOMO 13-15
“Mmene Cilamulo Cinaonetsela Kuti Yehova Amadela Nkhawa Osauka”
it-2 1110 ¶3
Cakhumi
Cioneka kuti panali kukhala cakhumi cina caciŵili cimene Aisiraeli anali kusunga padela caka ciliconse pa zolinga zina, osati pofuna kuthandizila ansembe acilevi. Ngakhale n’telo, nawonso Alevi anali kupindula na makonzedwe amenewa. Nthawi zambili mbali yaikulu ya cakhumi cimeneci inali kugwilitsidwa nchito na mabanja a Isiraeli akasonkhana pa zikondwelelo za mtundu wonse. Ngati kumene munthu anali kukhala kunali kutali kwambili na Yerusalemu moti sakanakwanitsa kunyamula cakhumi, anali kugulitsa cakhumico, ndipo akafika ku Yerusalemu ndalama yake anali kugulila cakudya ca banja lake na zinthu zina kuti asangalale pa msonkhano wopatulika kumeneko. (Deut. 12:4-7, 11, 17, 18; 14:22-27) Ndiyeno kumapeto kwa caka cacitatu na caka ca 6 ciliconse m’zaka 7 za Sabata, Aisiraeli sanali kuseŵenzetsa cakhumi pogula zinthu zofunikila pa misonkhano ya mtundu wonse. Koma anali kucipeleka kwa Alevi, alendo, ndi ana amasiye okhala m’madela awo.—Deut. 14:28, 29; 26:12.
it-2 833
Caka ca Sabata
Caka ca Sabata “cinali kuchedwa caka copuma [comasula, hash·shemit·tahʹ].” (Deut. 15:9; 31:10) M’caka cimeneco minda inali kupuma. Inali kumasuka; siinali kulimidwa. (Eks. 23:11) Nawonso anthu amene anali na nkhongole anali kupuma, kapena kuti kumasulidwa ku nkhongole zawo. Inali nthawi ya kumasuka ‘pamaso pa Yehova,’ pofuna kum’lemekeza. Olo kuti pali maganizo osiyana, anthu ena amakamba kuti nkhongolezo sanali kuzithetselatu, koma kuti wokongoza sanali kuloledwa kukakamiza Mheberi mnzake kubweza nkhongole, cifukwa mlimi sanali kukhala na ndalama caka cimeneco. Koma wokongoza anali na ufulu wokakamiza mlendo kubweza nkhongole yake. (Deut. 15:1-3) Arabi ena amakamba kuti nkhongole zimene zinali kupelekedwa kwa Ayuda osauka anali kuzithetselatu. Koma nkhongole zimene zinali kupelekedwa pa zolinga za bizinesi anali kuziona mosiyana. Iwo amakamba kuti m’nthawi ya Akhristu oyambilila, Hillel anakhazikitsa makonzedwe amene anali kulola munthu wokongoza mnzake nkhongole kupita kukhoti kukapempha kuti nkhongoleyo isafafanizidwe mwa kucita lumbilo linalake.—The Pentateuch and Haftorahs, edited by J. Hertz, London, 1972, p. 811, 812.
it-2 978 ¶6
Kapolo
Malamulo okhudza kapolo na mbuye wake. Pakati pa Aisiraeli, kapolo waciheberi anali wosiyana na kapolo amene anali mlendo kapena mlendo wokhala pakati pawo. Kapolo amene sanali Mheberi anali kukhala katundu wacikhalile wa Mwisiraeli, ndipo tate waciisiraeli anali kusiila mwana wake wamwamuna kapoloyo monga coloŵa cake. (Lev. 25:44-46) Koma kapolo waciheberi anali kuyenela kumasulidwa m’caka ca 7 ca utumiki wake kapena m’Caka ca Ufulu, ngati n’cimene cayambila kukwana. Pa nthawi ya utumiki wake, kapolo waciheberi anayenela kucita naye zinthu monga waganyu. (Eks. 21:2; Lev. 25:10; Deut. 15:12) Mheberi akadzigulitsa kwa mlendo wokhala pakati pawo kapena kwa wina wa m’banja la mlendoyo anali na mwayi woomboledwa nthawi iliyonse, kaya kudziombola yekha kapena kuwomboledwa na wina amene anali na ufulu wocita zimenezo. Mtengo womuwombolela unali kudalila kuculuka kwa zaka zimene zatsala kuti afike m’Caka ca Ufulu kapena kuti akwanitse zaka 7 za ukapolo wake. (Lev. 25:47-52; Deut. 15:12) Pomasula kapolo waciheberi, mbuye wake anayenela kum’patsa mphatso yom’thandiza pokayamba umoyo watsopano monga mfulu. (Deut. 15:13-15) Ngati kapoloyo anabwela na mkazi wake, mkaziyo anali kupita naye limodzi. Koma ngati mbuye wake ndiye anam’patsa mkazi (mwacidziŵikile mkazi wacilendo, amene analibe ufulu womasulidwa m’caka ca 7 ca ukapolo wake), mkaziyo ndi ana ake anali kutsalila monga katundu wa mbuye wawo. Zikakhala conco, kapolo waciheberiyo anali na mwayi wosankha kukhalabe na mbuye wake. Ngati wasankha kukhala, mbuye wake anali kumuboola khutu na coboolela, kuonetsa kuti adzakhala kapolo wake kwa moyo wake wonse.—Eks. 21:2-6; Deut. 15:16, 17.
Kufufuza Cuma Cauzimu
w06 4/1 31
Mafunso Ocokela kwa Oŵelenga
Kodi tingaphunzilepo ciani pa lamulo lopezeka pa Ekisodo 23:19, lakuti: “Musawilitse mwana wa mbuzi mumkaka wa mayi wake”?
Lamulo la m’Cilamulo ca Moseli, lomwe limapezeka katatu m’Baibo, lingatithandize kuona kuti ni zinthu zotani zimene Yehova amaziona kuti n’zoyenela, kuti Yehova ni wacifundo, ndiponso kuti ni wokoma mtima. Komanso limaonetsa kuti Yehova amadana kwambili na kulambila konyenga.—Ekisodo 34:26; Deuteronomo 14:21.
Kuphika mwana wa mbuzi kapena nyama ina iliyonse mu mkaka wa mayi ake n’kosemphana na cilengedwe ca Yehova. Mulungu anapeleka mkaka n’colinga coti mbuzi iziyamwitsila mwana wake kuti azikula. Motelo monga mmene ananenela munthu wina wophunzila kwambili, kuphika mwanayo mu mkaka wa make, kumaonetsa “kunyoza mgwilizano wa pakati pa mayi na mwana wake, umene Mulungu anakhazikitsa na kuuyeletsa.”
Kuphatikizanso apo, anthu ena amanena kuti n’zotheka kuti kuphika mwana mu mkaka wa make unali mwambo wacikunja woitanitsila mvula. Ngati izi zili zoona, ndiye kuti lamulo loletsa zimenezi linateteza Aisiraeli ku miyambo yoteleyi ya anthu a mitundu yowazungulila, yomwe inali yopusa ndiponso yankhanza. Cilamulo ca Mose cinaletsa mwacindunji kutsatila malamulo a mitundu imeneyo.—Levitiko 20:23.
Potsiliza, lamulo limeneli likusonyeza cikondi ca Yehova. Kwenikweni, Cilamulo cinali na malamulo angapo otelewa oletsa kucitila nkhanza zinyama ndiponso kucita zinthu zosemphana na cilengedwe ca Yehova. Mwacitsanzo, malamulo ena a Cilamulo anali kuletsa zopeleka nsembe ciweto cimene sicinakwanitse masiku seveni cili na mayi wake. Anali kuletsanso kupha ciweto na mwana wake pa tsiku lomwelo, ndiponso kupita pa cisa n’kutenga mbalame pamodzi na mazila ake kapena anapiye ake.—Levitiko 22:27, 28; Deuteronomo 22:6, 7.
N’zoonekelatu kuti malamulo ambili-mbili a m’Cilamulo aja sanali malamulo ongofuna kuletsa zinthu zosiyana-siyana ayi. Cilamulo n’copindulitsa m’njila zosiyana-siyana. Mfundo zake zimatithandiza kukhala na makhalidwe apamwamba kwambili amene amasonyezadi makhalidwe abwino kwambili a Yehova.—Salimo 19:7-11.
JULY 19-25
CUMA COPEZEKA M’MAWU A MULUNGU | DEUTERONOMO 16-18
“Mfundo Zothandiza Kuweluza Milandu Mwacilungamo”
it-1 343 ¶5
Khungu
Kuweluza milandu mopanda cilungamo anakuyelekezela na khungu. Ndipo m’Cilamulo muli malangizo ambili oletsa kulandila na kupeleka ziphuphu, mphatso kapena kucita tsankho, cifukwa zinthu ngati zimenezi zingacititse khungu woweluza na kum’sonkhezela kuweluza mokondela. Baibo imati: “Ciphuphu cimacititsa khungu anthu a maso akuthwa.” (Eks. 23:8) “Ciphuphu cimacititsa khungu maso a anthu anzelu.” (Deut. 16:19) Ngakhale woweluza wolungama komanso wozindikila kwambili angasokonedwe poweluza mlandu, kaya mozindikila kapena mosazindikila, ngati wapatsidwa mphatso na wina wokhudzidwa na mlanduwo. Cilamulo ca Mulungu cinaonetsanso kuti kuwonjezela pa mphatso, kuona nkhope nako kungacititse khungu woweluza. Cinati: “Musamakondele munthu wosauka ndiponso musamakondele munthu wolemela.” (Lev. 19:15) Conco woweluza sanayenele kuyang’ana nkhope kapena kuweluza pofuna kukondweletsa khamu la anthu. Sanayenela kupeleka ciweluzo cotsutsana na munthu wolemela, cabe cifukwa cakuti munthuyo ni wolemela ayi.—Eks. 23:2, 3.
it-2 511 ¶7
Nambala
Ziŵili. Nambala ya ziŵili imapezeka kaŵili-kaŵili m’nkhani zokhudza malamulo. Mwacitsanzo, ngati umboni wa pakamwa pa mboni ziŵili wagwilizana, zinali kuwonjezela mphamvu ya umboni wawo. Komanso panali kufunika mboni ziŵili ngakhale zitatu kuti colakwa citsimikizilike pamaso pa oweluza. Mfundo imeneyi ni imenenso imatsatilidwa mumpingo wacikhristu. (Deut. 17:6; 19:15; Mat. 18:16; 2 Akor. 13:1; 1 Tim. 5:19; Aheb. 10:28) Mulungu anatsatilanso mfundo imeneyi popeleka Mwana wake kwa anthu monga Mpulumutsi wawo. Yesu anati: “M’Cilamulo canu comweci analembamo kuti, ‘Umboni wa anthu awili, ndi woona.’ Ineyo pandekha ndimadzicitila umboni, ndipo Atate amene anandituma amandicitilanso umboni.”—Yoh. 8:17, 18.
it-2 685 ¶6
Wansembe
Ansembe maka-maka ndiwo anali na mwayi wofotokozela anthu Cilamulo ca Mulungu, ndipo anali kucita mbali yaikulu pa nkhani yoweluza milandu mu Isiraeli. M’mizinda yawo, ansembe anali kuthandiza oweluza poweluza milandu. Anali kutumikilanso pamodzi na oweluza posamalila milandu yovuta kwambili, imene oweluza a mzinda sakanatha kuisamalila paokha. (Deut. 17:8, 9) Ansembe anali kuyenela kuthandizana na oweluza a mzinda posamalila mlandu wopha munthu, pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti ndondomeko yonse yoyenelela yatsitilidwa kuti mzindawo usakhale na mlandu wamagazi. (Deut. 21:1, 2, 5) Ngati mwamuna wansanje akuimba mkazi wake mlandu wakuti anacita cigololo mwamseli, mkaziyo anali kupita naye ku malo opatulika. Kumeneko, ansembe anali kucita mwambo umene anauzidwa, umene colinga cake cinali kupempha Yehova kuti apeleke yekha ciweluzo pa mlanduwo cifukwa ndiye anali kudziŵa ngati mkaziyo anacitadi cigololo kapena ayi. (Num. 5:11-31) Pa mlandu uliwonse, ciweluzo cimene ansembe kapena oweluza apeleka cinayenela kulemekezedwa. Ngati munthu mwadala sanalemekeze kapena kulabadila ciweluzo cawo anali kuphedwa.—Num. 15:30; Deut. 17:10-13.
Kufufuza Cuma Cauzimu
it-1 787
Kucotsa
M’Cilamulo, kuti munthu wolakwa aphedwe, panali kufunika mboni zosacepela ziŵili zotsimikizila colakwa cake. (Deut. 19:15) Mbonizo zinayenela kukhala zoyamba kum’ponya miyala wolakwayo. (Deut. 17:7) Kucita izi kukanaonetsa kuti anthuwo anali kukondadi Cilamulo ca Mulungu, ndipo anali kufunitsitsa kuti khamu la Isiraeli likhale loyela. Zikanathandizanso kuti anthu asamangopeleka umboni wabodza, kupeleka umboni mosasamala, kapena mosaganiza bwino.
JULY 26–AUGUST 1
CUMA COPEZEKA M’MAWU A MULUNGU | DEUTERONOMO 19-21
“Moyo wa Munthu Ni Wamtengo Wapatali kwa Yehova”
Tengelani Cilungamo ca Yehova na Cifundo Cake
4Mizinda 6 yothaŵilako inali yosavuta kufikako. Yehova analamula Aisiraeli kuti asankhe mizinda itatu kum’maŵa kwa Mtsinje wa Yorodano, na ina itatu kum’madzulo kwake. N’cifukwa ciani anacita zimenezi? Colinga cinali cakuti munthu wothaŵa azifika mwamsanga ndi mosavuta mumzinda wothaŵilako. (Num. 35:11-14) Misewu yopita ku mizinda yothaŵilako anali kuilambula na kuikonza bwino. (Deut. 19:3) Malinga na mbili ya Ayuda, Aisiraeli anali kuika zikwangwani zothandiza munthu wothaŵa kudziŵa kumene kuli mizinda yothaŵilako. Popeza mizinda yothaŵilako inalipo, munthu amene wapha mnzake mwangozi sanali kuthaŵila kudziko lina, kumene akanayamba kulambila mafano.
Tengelani Cilungamo ca Yehova na Cifundo Cake
9Colinga cacikulu ca mizinda yothaŵilako cinali cofuna kuteteza Aisiraeli kuti asakhale na mlandu wa magazi. (Deut. 19:10) Yehova amaona kuti moyo ni wamtengo wapatali, ndipo amadana ndi “manja okhetsa magazi a anthu osalakwa.” (Miy. 6:16, 17) Popeza kuti Mulungu ni wacilungamo ndiponso woyela, sanalekelele anthu opha anzawo, olo kuti acita zimenezo mwangozi. N’zoona kuti munthu akapha mnzake mwangozi anali kumucitila cifundo. Komabe, iye anali kufunika kufotokozela akulu nkhaniyo. Ndipo akuluwo akapeza kuti sanaphe mnzake mwadala, munthuyo anali kufunika kukhala mumzinda wothaŵilako mpaka mkulu wa ansembe atamwalila. Nthawi zina, anali kukhala kumeneko kwa moyo wake wonse. Kuganizila zovuta zimene munthu wopha mnzake anali kukumana nazo, kunathandiza Aisiraeli onse kuona kuti moyo wa munthu ni wopatulika. Kuti Aisiraeli aonetse kuti anali kulemekeza wopatsa moyo, anali kufunika kupewa kucita zinthu zimene zikanaika moyo wa mnzawo paciopsezo.
it-1 344
Magazi
Munthu ali na ufulu wosangalala na moyo umene Mulungu anamupatsa, ndipo aliyense wopha munthu adzayankha mlandu kwa Mulungu. Izi zinaonekela bwino pa zimene Mulungu anakamba kwa Kaini pambuyo pakuti wapha m’bale wake. Mulungu anati: “Magazi a m’bale wako akundililila munthaka.” (Gen. 4:10) Ngakhale munthu wozonda m’bale wake, amene anali kufuna kuti mnzakeyo afe, kapena amene anali kumudyela misece, kapenanso kupeleka umboni wonama motsutsana naye mpaka kuika moyo wa mnzakeyo paciopsezo, anali kukhala na mlandu wa magazi.—Lev. 19:16; Deut. 19:18-21; 1 Yoh. 3:15.
Kufufuza Cuma Cauzimu
it-1 518 ¶1
Bwalo la Milandu
Bwalo loweluzila milandu linali kukhala pa cipata ca mzinda. (Deut. 16:18; 21:19; 22:15, 24; 25:7; Rute 4:1) Mawu akuti “cipata” atanthauza malo opanda kanthu a mkati mwa mzinda amene anali pafupi na cipata. Pa malo amenewa m’pamene Cilamulo cinali kuŵelengedwa kwa anthu amene asonkhana. M’pamenenso anali kupelekela malangizo. (Neh. 8:1-3) Pacipata panali posavuta kupeza mboni pa milandu ya mikangano pakati pa anthu, monga yokhudza kugulitsana malo kapena katundu na milandu ina yaconco, cifukwa masana anthu ambili anali kudutsapo poloŵa na kutuluka mumzinda. Komanso milandu yoweluzidwila pa cipata inali kudziŵika kwa anthu ambili. Izi zikanasonkhezela oweluza kucita zinthu mosamala komanso mwacilungamo poweluza milanduyo. Mwacionekele, pafupi na cipata panali kukhala malo abwino amene oweluzawo anali kukhalapo poweluza milanduyo. (Yobu 29:7) Samueli anali kuzungulila m’madela a Beteli, Giligala, na Mizipa, ndipo “anali kuweluza Isiraeli m’malo onsewa,” komanso ku Rama kumene kunali nyumba yake.—1 Sam. 7:16, 17.
AUGUST 2-8
CUMA COPEZEKA M’MAWU A MULUNGU | DEUTERONOMO 22-23
“Mmene Cilamulo Cinaonetsela Kuti Yehova Amadela Nkhawa Nyama”
it-1 375-376
Katundu
M’nthawi yakale, nyama kaŵili-kaŵili anali kuzigwilitsila nchito ponyamula katundu. Aisiraeli analangizidwa kuti akaona bulu wa munthu wodana nawo atagona pansi polemedwa na katundu, sanayenele kumusiya buluyo koma ‘kuthandizana naye munthuyo’ kum’masula. (Eks. 23:5) Zinthu zimene nyama inali kukwanitsa kunyamula zinali kuchedwa katundu. Mwacitsanzo, pa 2 Mafumu 5:17 (BL, Buku Lopatulika) pamakamba za “akatundu a dothi osenza nyulu ziŵili.”
it-1 621 ¶1
Deuteronomo
M’buku la Deuteronomo mulinso malangizo olimbikitsa kukomela mtima nyama. Aisiraeli sanaloledwe kutenga mbalame yaikazi imene ikufungatila ana ake kapena mazila m’cisa, cifukwa cibadwa cofuna kuteteza ana ake cinali kuipangitsa kukhala yosatetezeka. Make wa tuŵanato anali kumuleka kuti athawe, koma anali na ufulu wotenga anawo. Conco, mayiyo anali na ufulu wokakhala ndi ana ena. (Deut. 22:6, 7) Mlimi sanali kuloledwa kumanga bulu na ng’ombe kuti azilimitse pamodzi kuti nyama yocepa mphamvu isapwetekeke. (22:10) Ng’ombe imene inali kupuntha mbewu sanayenele kuimanga pakamwa, kuti isapwetekeke na njala pamene cakudya cili pafupi ndiponso ikugwila nchito zolimba popuntha mbewuzo.—25:4.
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‘Musakhale Womangidwa m’Goli ndi Wosiyana’
MONGA mukuonela pacithunzipa, ngamila na ng’ombe zimene zikukokela limodzi pulawo zikuoneka kuti zikuvutika kwambili. Goli limene azimangilila, limene anapangila nyama zofanana msinkhu ndiponso mphamvu, likupangitsa nyama zonsezi kuvutika. Poonetsa kuganizila moyo wa nyama zotelezi zokoka zinthu, Mulungu anauza Aisiraeli kuti: “Usamange ng’ombe ndi bulu kuti uzilimitse pamodzi.” (Deuteronomo 22:10) Mfundo yomweyi inali kugwilanso nchito pa ng’ombe na ngamila.
Nthaŵi zambili, mlimi sanali kucita zimenezi na nyama zake. Koma ngati alibe ng’ombe ziŵili amatha kumangilila pamodzi nyama zimene ali nazo. Ziyenela kuti zimenezi n’zimene anacita mlimi wa m’ma 1800 amene ali pacithunzipa. Cifukwa cosiyana misinkhu ndiponso mphamvu, nyama yocepa mphamvu ingavutike kuti iziyenda mofanana ndi yamphamvu, ndipo nyama yamphamvuyo ingalemedwe kwambili.
Kufufuza Cuma Cauzimu
it-1 600
Nkhongole, Munthu Wankhongole
Nkhongole ni cinthu cimene munthu wabweleka, udindo wolipila kapena kupeleka cinacake. M’nthawi ya Aisiraeli akale, anthu anali kutenga nkhongole maka-maka cifukwa ca mavuto azacuma. Ngati Mwiisiraeli wagwa m’nkhongole, linali kukhala vuto cifukwa wobweleka anali kukhala ngati kapolo wa munthu womubweleketsa. (Miy. 22:7) Conco anthu a Mulungu analamulidwa kuti azikhala owoloŵa manja komanso opanda dyela pokongoza Aisiraeli osauka, osati kupezelapo phindu pa tsoka la mnzawo mwa kum’lipilitsa ciwongoladzanja. (Eks. 22:25; Deut. 15:7, 8; Sal. 37:26; 112:5) Koma Aisiraeli anali na ufulu wolipilitsa mlendo ciwongoladzanja. (Deut. 23:20) Akatswili ena aciyuda amakamba kuti makonzedwe amenewa opeleka ciwongoladzanja anali kugwila nchito ngati munthu watenga nkhongole pa zolinga za malonda, osati cifukwa ca umphawi. Kaŵili-ŵili alendo sanali kukhalitsa mu Isiraeli, ndipo nthawi zambili anali kukhala anthu amalonda. Conco kunali koyenela kuwalipilitsa ciwongoladzanja, maka-maka cifukwa cakuti nawonso anali kukongoza ena na kuwalipilitsa ciwongoladzanja.
AUGUST 9-15
CUMA COPEZEKA M’MAWU A MULUNGU | DEUTERONOMO 24-26
“Mmene Cilamulo Cinaonetsela Kuti Yehova Amadela Nkhawa Akazi”
it-2 1196 ¶4
Mkazi
Ngakhale malamulo a kunkhondo anali kupindulitsa mwamuna na mkazi wake, cifukwa sanali kulola mwamuna amene wangokwatila kumene kupita kunkhondo mpaka caka cimodzi citatha. Izi zinapatsa banjalo mwayi wobeleka mwana, amene akanakhala citonthozo cacikulu kwa mayiyo pamene mwamuna wake kulibe, komanso maka-maka ngati mwamunayo wafa kunkhondo.—Deut. 20:7; 24:5.
it-1 963 ¶2
Kukunkha
Makonzedwe abwino amenewa othandizila anthu osauka anali kulimbikitsa kuwoloŵa manja, kupanda dyela, komanso kudalila madalitso a Yehova. Ndiponso n’zoonekelatu kuti makonzedwewa sanali kulimbikitsa ulesi ngakhale pang’ono. Izi zitithandiza kumvetsa cifukwa cake Davide anakamba kuti: “Sindinaonepo munthu aliyense wolungama atasiyidwa, kapena ana ake akupemphapempha cakudya.” (Sal. 37:25) Poseŵenzetsa makonzedwe amenewa a m’Cilamulo, ngakhale anthu osauka, cifukwa cogwila nchito molimbika sakanakhala na njala. Ndipo iwo kapena ana awo sakanapemphapempha cakudya.
Kodi Mukudziŵa?
Kale ku Isiraeli munthu akamwalila opanda mwana wamwamuna, m’bale wake anayenela kukwatila mkazi wamasiyeyo n’colinga cakuti amubelekele ana kuti dzina la munthu womwalila uja lisafe. (Genesis 38:8) Kenako, dongosolo limeneli linakhala mbali ya Cilamulo ca Mose ndipo linali kuchedwa ukwati wapacilamu kapena kuloŵa cokolo. (Deuteronomo 25:5, 6) Zimene Boazi anacita, zomwe zafotokozedwa m’buku la Rute, zikuonetsa kuti ngati munthu womwalilayo analibe mkulu wake kapena mng’ono wake aliyense, wacibale wake wina anayenela kuloŵa cokolo kwa mkazi wa masiyeyo.—Rute 1:3, 4; 2:19, 20; 4:1-6.
Umboni woonetsa kuti m’nthawi ya Yesu anthu anali kucitabe ukwati wa pacilamu ni nkhani yopezeka pa Maliko 12:20-22, pamene Asaduki anachula za ukwati umenewu. Myuda wina wolemba mbili yakale, dzina lake Flavius Josephus ndipo anakhalapo m’nthawi ya atumwi, ananena kuti ukwati wa pacilamu unali kuthandiza kuti dzina lisafe komanso kuti cuma ca banjalo citetezeke. Unali kuthandizanso kuti mkazi wamasiyeyo asavutike na umasiye. Nthawi imeneyo mkazi sanali kupatsidwa ciliconse pa cuma ca mwamuna wake. Koma mwana wobadwa mu ukwati wa cokolo anali kupatsidwa cuma ca munthu womwalila uja.
Kufufuza Cuma Cauzimu
it-1 640 ¶5
Cisudzulo
Kalata ya Cisudzulo. Nkhanza zimene amuna ena anali kucita pambuyo pake, si umboni wakuti lamulo la m’Cilamulo ca Mose lolola cisudzulo linapangitsa kuti cikhale cosavuta amuna aciisiraeli kusudzula akazi awo. Kuti mwamuna asudzule mkazi wake, pali zinthu zimene anayenela kucita coyamba. Anayenela kulembela mkaziyo ‘kalata yothetsela cikwati.’ Kenako anayenela “kum’patsa m’manja mwake, n’kumucotsa panyumba pake.” (Deut. 24:1) Ngakhale kuti Malemba safotokoza mwatsatane-tsatane zonse zimene zinali kucitika, n’zoonekelatu kuti polemba kalatayo mwamuna anali kufunsila kwa akulu, amene coyamba akanamuthandiza kuti agwilizanenso na mkazi wake. Nthawi yolemba kalatayo komanso yoonetsetsa kuti watsatila malamulo onse osudzulila mkazi wake mwalamulo, inali kupatsa mpata mwamunayo woganizilanso bwino cosankha cakeco. Panayenelanso kukhala maziko a cisudzulo. Ngati malangizo amenewa atsatilidwa bwino-bwino akanacititsa kuti amuna asamathamangile kusudzula akazi awo. Kuwonjezela apo, izi zinali kuteteza ufulu na moyo wa mkaziyo. Malemba safotokoza zimene zinali kulembedwa mu ‘kalata yothetsela cikwati.’
AUGUST 16-22
CUMA COPEZEKA M’MAWU A MULUNGU | DEUTERONOMO 27-28
‘Madalitso Onsewa Adzakupeza’
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Pezani Madalitso Kudzela mwa Mfumu Yotsogoleledwa ndi Mzimu wa Mulungu
18 Mawu akuti kumvela amaphatikizapo kusunga mu mtima Mawu a Mulungu na cakudya cauzimu cimene iye amapeleka. (Mat. 24:45) Kumvela kumatanthauzanso kutsatila zonena za Mulungu na Mwana wake. Yesu ananena kuti: “Sikuti aliyense wonena kwa ine kuti, ‘Ambuye, Ambuye,’ adzalowa ufumu wakumwamba ayi, koma yekhayo amene akucita cifunilo ca Atate wanga wakumwamba.” (Mat. 7:21) Kumvela Mulungu kumatanthauzanso kugonjela dongosolo lakuti mpingo wacikhristu uzikhala na akulu oikidwa omwe ni “mphatso za amuna.”—Aef. 4:8.
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Kodi Madalitso a Yehova Adzakupezani?
2Liwu la Ciheberi limene analimasulila kuti “ukumvela” pa Deuteronomo 28:2 limaonetsa kuti kumvelako kuyenela kupitiliza. Anthu a Yehova sayenela kumangomumvela mwa apo na apo ayi. Ayenela kumumvela nthaŵi zonse. Akatelo m’pamene madalitso a Mulungu adzawapeza. Anthu apeza kuti liwu la Ciheberi limene analimasulila kuti “kukupeza,” ni liwu loonetsa kufuna-funa limene nthaŵi zambili limatanthauza “kucipeza cinthu” kapena “kucifikila.”
Muzifunafuna Madalitso a Yehova ndi Mtima Wonse
4Kuti Aisiraeli akhale omvela kodi anafunika kukhala na mtima wotani? Cilamulo ca Mulungu cinanena kuti Mulungu akanakhala wosangalala ngati anthuwo akanam’tumikila “mokondwela, ndi mtima wosangalala.” (Ŵelengani Deuteronomo 28:45-47.) Yehova safuna kuti anthu azimvela malangizo ake mokakamizika ngati mmene nyama kapena ziwanda zingacitile. (Maliko 1:27; Yak. 3:3) Munthu amamvela Mulungu na mtima wonse cifukwa comukonda. Munthu woteleyu amasangalala kwambili cifukwa cokhulupilila kuti malamulo a Yehova si olemetsa ndiponso amakhulupilila kuti Mulungu “amapeleka mphoto kwa anthu omufunafuna ndi mtima wonse.”—Aheb. 11:6; 1 Yoh. 5:3.
Kufufuza Cuma Cauzimu
it-1 360
Cizindikilo ca Malile
Cilamulo ca Yehova cinaletsa mcitidwe wosuntha cizindikilo ca malile. (Deut. 19:14; onaninso Miy. 22:28.) Munthu wosuntha “cizindikilo ca malile a mnzake,” anali kukhala wotembeleledwa. (Deut. 27:17) Nthawi zambili anthu amene anali na minda anali kudalila zokolola za m’mindayo kuti apeze cakudya. Conco kusuntha malile a munda wa munthu kunali ngati kumulanda zina mwa zinthu zomuthandiza kupeza cakudya. Kucita zimenezo kunali kofanana na kuba, ndipo ni mmenenso anthu akale-kale anali kuonela khalidweli. (Yobu 24:2) Koma panali anthu ena a khalidwe loipa amene anali kucita zimenezi. Akalonga a Yuda a m’nthawi ya Hoseya anawayelekezela ndi anthu osuntha malile.—Hos. 5:10.
AUGUST 23-29
CUMA COPEZEKA M’MAWU A MULUNGU | DEUTERONOMO 29-30
“Kutumikila Yehova Sikovuta”
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Yehova Amatipatsa Ufulu Wosankha Zocita
Kodi n’zosatheka kudziŵa zimene Mulungu amafuna kuti tizicita? Nanga kodi n’zovuta kucita zimene Mulungu amafuna kuti tizicitazo? Mose ananena kuti: “Lamulo limene ndikukupatsa lelo si lovuta kwa iwe kulitsatila, ndipo si lapatali.” (Vesi 11) Yehova safuna kuti ticite zimene sitingathe. Malamulo ake ni oti tingakwanitse kuwatsatila. Komanso ni odziŵika bwino kwambili. Sitifunikila kukwela “kumwamba” kapena kupita “tsidya lina la nyanja,” kuti tidziŵe zimene Mulungu amafuna kuti tizicita. (Vesi 12 na 13) Baibo imatiuza momveka bwino zimene tiyenela kucita pamoyo wathu.—Mika 6:8.
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Yehova Amatipatsa Ufulu Wosankha Zocita
MAYI wina wacikhristu amene anali kuganiza kuti sangathenso kucita zinthu zabwino cifukwa ca zimene zinamucitikila ali mwana, ananena kuti: “Nthawi zambili nimayopa kuti mwina nikhoza kulakwila Yehova.” Kodi nanunso mumaona conco? Kodi n’zoona kuti sitingathe kucita zinthu zabwino? Ayi, cifukwa Yehova Mulungu watipatsa ufulu wosankha zocita. Conco tikhoza kusankha zimene tikufuna kucita pamoyo wathu. Koma Yehova amafuna kuti tizisankha kucita zoyenela ndipo Baibo, yomwe ni Mawu ake, imatiuza mmene tingacitile zimenezi. Taganizilani mawu a Mose opezeka pa Deuteronomo caputala 30.
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Yehova Amatipatsa Ufulu Wosankha Zocita
Kodi zimene tasankha kucita zimam’khudza Yehova? Inde, zimam’khudza. Mouzilidwa na Mulungu, Mose anena kuti: “Sankhani moyo.” (Vesi 19) Ndiyeno kodi tingatani kuti tisankhe moyo? Mose anafotokoza kuti cofunika ni “kukonda Yehova Mulungu wanu, kumvela mawu ake, ndi kum’mamatila.” (Vesi 20) Ngati timakonda Yehova, tidzayesetsa kumumvela na kutsatila mokhulupilika malamulo ake, zivute zitani. Tikamacita zimenezi ndiye kuti tikusankha moyo ndipo tidzakhala osangalala panopo komanso tingadzakhale na moyo wosatha m’dziko latsopano limene Mulungu walonjeza.—2 Petulo 3:11-13; 1 Yohane 5:3.
Kufufuza Cuma Cauzimu
it-1 665 ¶3
Khutu
Yehova kupitila mwa atumiki ake, anakamba kuti Aisiraeli ouma khosi komanso osamvela anali na ‘makutu osacita mdulidwe.’ (Yer. 6:10; Mac. 7:51) Cinali ngati kuti makutuwo anatsekeka na cinacake colepheletsa munthu kumva. Anali makutu osatsegulidwa na Yehova, amene amapeleka makutu omvetsa zinthu komanso omvela kwa anthu amene amam’funa-funa, koma amalola anthu osamvela kukhala ogontha mwauzimu. (Deut. 29:4; Aroma 11:8) Mtumwi Paulo anakambilatu za nthawi pamene anthu ena odzicha Akhristu adzapatuka pa coonadi, ndipo sadzafuna kumva coonadi ca m’Mawu a Mulungu, koma adzamvetsela kwa aphunzitsi onama kuti “amve zowakomela m’khutu.” (2 Tim. 4:3, 4; 1 Tim. 4:1) Komanso makutu a munthu “angalile” cifukwa comva nkhani yocititsa mantha, maka-maka yokhudza tsoka.—1 Sam. 3:11; 2 Maf. 21:12; Yer. 19:3.
AUGUST 30–SEPTEMBER 5
CUMA COPEZEKA M’MAWU A MULUNGU | DEUTERONOMO 31-32
“Zimene Tingaphunzile pa Mafanizo a m’Nyimbo Youzilidwa”
“Ndipatseni Mtima Wosagawanika Kuti Ndiope Dzina Lanu”
8Aisiraeli atangotsala pang’ono kuloŵa m’Dziko Lolonjezedwa, Yehova anam’phunzitsa nyimbo Mose. (Deut. 31:19) Nayenso Mose anafunika kuphunzitsako Aisiraeli nyimboyo. (Ŵelengani Deuteronomo 32:2, 3.) Tikaganizila mawu a mu vesi 2 na 3, tingathe kuona kuti Yehova safuna kuti dzina lake libisike kwa anthu. Safuna kuti anthu aziopa kulichula cifukwa coona kuti n’lopatulika kwambili. Iye amafuna kuti anthu onse na angelo alidziŵe dzina lake. Ndithudi, unali mwayi waukulu kwa Aisiraeli kumvela Mose akuwaphunzitsa za Yehova komanso za dzina lake laulemelelo. Zimene Mose anawaphunzitsa zinalimbitsa cikhulupililo cawo, ndiponso zinawatsitsimula monga mmene mvula yowaza imatsitsimulila zomela. Nanga ife tingacite ciani kuti kaphunzitsidwe kathu kazikhala kolimbikitsa komanso kotsitsimula?
9Polalikila ku nyumba na nyumba kapena pocita ulaliki wapoyela, tiyenela kuonetsa anthu dzina la Mulungu lakuti Yehova poseŵenzetsa Baibo. Ndiponso tingawagaŵile mabuku, mavidiyo, na zinthu zina za pa webusaiti yathu zimene n’zolemekeza Yehova. Tikakhala kunchito, kusukulu, kapena paulendo, tingapeze mpata wouzako ena za Mulungu wathu wacikondi kuti amudziŵe. Tikamauzako ena za colinga ca Yehova kwa anthu komanso dziko lapansi, timawathandiza kuzindikila kuti iye amatikonda kwambili. Timathandizanso kuyeletsa dzina la Mulungu mwa kuuzako ena coonadi ponena za Atate wathu wacikondi. Tikatelo, timawathandiza kuti aleke kukhulupilila mabodza amene anthu ena anawaphunzitsa ponena za Yehova. Coonadi ca m’Baibo cimene timaphunzitsa anthu cimawatsitsimula kwambili.—Yes. 65:13, 14.
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Kodi Mafanizo a M’Baibulo Mumawamvetsa Bwino?
Baibo imayelekezelanso Yehova na zinthu zina zopanda moyo. Mwacitsanzo, limati iye ni “Thanthwe la Isiraeli,” “thanthwe,” ndiponso “malo anga acitetezo.” (2 Samueli 23:3; Salimo 18:2; Deuteronomo 32:4) Kodi zinthu zimenezi zikufanana bwanji na Yehova? Monga mmene thanthwe lilili lolimba ndiponso losasunthika, Yehova Mulungu ndiye citetezo cathu colimba ndiponso cosasunthika.
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Tsanzilani Yehova Pophunzitsa Ana Anu
7Taganizani mmene Yehova anaonetsela cikondi kwa Aisiraeli. Mose anagwilitsa nchito fanizo lokhudza mtima pofotokoza mmene Yehova anaukondela mtundu waung’ono wa Isiraeli. Timaŵelenga kuti: “Monga mmene ciwombankhanga cimagwedezela mwamphamvu cisa cake, mmene cimaulukila pamwamba pa ana ake, mmene cimatambasulila mapiko ake, ndi kutenga anawo, n’kuwanyamula pamapiko ake, Yehova yekha anapitiliza kumutsogolela [Yakobo].” (Deuteronomo 32:9, 11, 12) Ciwombankhanga cacikazi pofuna kuphunzitsa ana ake kuuluka, ‘cimagwedeza mwamphamvu cisa cake,’ ndipo cimakupiza mapiko ake n’colinga cowalimbikitsa anawo kuti ayambe kuuluka. Mwana wakeyo akadumpha kucoka m’cisamo, cimene nthaŵi zambili cimakhala pathanthwe lotsetseleka, mayiyo ‘amaulukila pamwamba’ pa mwana wakeyo. Akaona kuti mwana wakeyo akugwa, mayiyo amaulukila pansi pa mwanayo, na kum’nyamula ‘pamapiko ake.’ Yehova mwacikondi anasamalilanso cimodzi-modzi mtundu wa Isiraeli umene unali utangobadwa kumene. Anawapatsa anthuwo Cilamulo ca Mose. (Salimo 78:5-7) Ndiyeno Mulungu anateteza mtundu wakewo mosamala ndipo anali wokonzeka kuwapulumutsa akagwa m’mavuto.
Kufufuza Cuma Cauzimu
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Mfundo Zazikulu za M’buku la Deuteronomo
31:12. Ana ayenela kukhala pamodzi na akulu-akulu pamisonkhano yampingo na kumamvetsela ndiponso n’kumaphunzila.