Ubutatu Busobanurwa Bute?

KILIZIYA Gatolika y’i Roma iragira iti “Ubutatu ni ijambo rikunda gukoreshwa mu kwerekana inyigisho y’ibanze y’idini ya Gikristo . . . Bityo, dukurije amagambo ya Athanase, twavuga tuti ‘Data ni Imana, Umwana ni Imana, n’Umwuka Wera ni Imana, ariko ntihari Imana eshatu ahubwo ni Imana imwe.’ Muri ubwo Butatu . . . Abaperisona ni ab’ iteka kandi barangana, ni ukuvuga ko bose bataremwe kandi bashobora byose.”—Byavuye mu gitabo cyitwa The Catholic Encyclopedia.

Hafi amadini yose ya Kristendomu arabyemera. Urugero, Idini Orutodogisi y’Ubugiriki na yo ivuga ko Ubutatu ari “inyigisho y’ingenzi y’Ubukristo,” ndetse ikanavuga ko “Abakristo ari abemera ko Kristo ari Imana.” Mu gitabo cyitwa Our Orthodox Christian Faith, iyo kiliziya irakomeza igira iti “Imana ni Ubutatu . . . Data ni Imana byuzuye. Umwana ni Imana byuzuye. Umwuka Wera ni Imana byuzuye.”

Hakurikijwe ibyo abashyigikira Ubutatu bavuga rero, umuntu yakumva ko hari “Imana imwe igizwe n’Abaperisona batatu.” Buri wese avugwa ko atagira itangiriro ko yabayeho kuva iteka ryose. Buri wese avugwaho ko ashobora byose, ntawusumba undi ndetse ngo nta n’umugufi ku wundi.

Mbese biragoranye gusobanukirwa igitekerezo nk’icyo? Abantu benshi b’imitima itaryarya iyo babitekerejeho basanga ari umuvurungano gusa, binyuranye n’ubwenge busanzwe, bidahwanye rwose na kimwe mu byo bagiye bibonera. Baribaza bati mbese ni mu buryo ki Data yaba Imana, Yesu akaba Imana, n’umwuka wera ukaba Imana, kandi ngo ntihabe Imana eshatu ahubwo ngo zose zikaba ari Imana imwe gusa?

“Birenze Ubwenge bwa Kimuntu”

INYIGISHO y’Ubutatu ishobera abantu benshi cyane. Dukurikije igitabo cyitwa L’Encyclopédie américaine, iyo nyigisho ivugwaho kuba ari ikintu “kirenze ubwenge bwa kimuntu.”

Abantu benshi bemera Ubutatu, uko ni ko babubona. Musenyeri Eugene Clark aragira ati “Imana ni imwe, kandi Imana ni eshatu. Kubera ko nta kintu na kimwe mu byaremwe kimeze gityo, ntidushobora kubyumva, ariko turabyemera gusa.” Karidinali John O’Connor aragira ati “Tuzi ko ari iyobera rikomeye cyane tudashobora kugera ubwo turyumva.” Na Papa Yohani Paulo II avuga ko ari “iyobera ridacengerwa ry’Imana y’Ubutatu.”

Ku bw’ibyo, igitabo cyitwa A Dictionary of Religious Knowledge kivuga kiti “Iyo nyigisho uko imeze uku, na ko uko igomba gusobanurwa koko, abemera Ubutatu ntibabyumvikanaho ubwabo.”

Dushobora kumva rero impamvu igitabo cyitwa New Catholic Encyclopedia kigira kiti “Abarimu bake gusa bigisha tewolojiya y’Ubutatu mu maseminari ya Gatolika y’i Roma ni bo baba batarageze ubwo bashoberwa ngo bibaze iki kibazo ngo ‘Ariko umuntu yakwigisha ate Ubutatu?’ Kandi uko icyo kibazo kigaragaza umuvurungano mu bitekerezo by’abanyeshuri, ni na ko kigaragaza umuvurungano mu bitekerezo by’abarimu.”

Ukuri gushingiye kuri icyo gitekerezo kugaragara neza iyo umuntu agiye mu nzu y’ibitabo maze agasuzuma ibitabo bishyigikira Ubutatu. Handitswe impapuro zitabarika mu kugerageza kubusobanura. Nyamara, n’iyo umusomyi [ushakashaka] abashije kugira icyo atora muri urwo rusobe rw’amagambo n’ubusobanuro bya tewolojiya bivurunganye, n’ubundi ataha yumva atanyuzwe.

Ku bihereranye n’ibyo, umuyezuwiti witwa Joseph Bracken, mu gitabo cye cyitwa What Are They Saying About The Trinity?, aragira ati “Abapadiri bagize umuhati mwinshi biga . . . Ubutatu mu gihe cy’imyaka myinshi bamaze mu maseminari, bashidikanyaga kubibwira abantu babo kuri alitari, ndetse no ku cyumweru cy’Ubutatu . . . Ni kuki twatesha abandi umutwe tubabwira ibintu batazigera bagira ubwo babyumva neza?” Arakomeza agira ati “Ubutatu ni ikintu cy’ukwemera kuri aho gusa, ariko bufite [ingaruka] ntoya cyangwa nta n’iyo bufite mu buzima no gusenga bya Gikristo bya buri munsi.” Igitangaje nyamara, ni uko usanga ari yo “nyigisho y’ibanze” y’amadini!

Umunyatewolojiya w’umugatolika witwa Hans Küng mu gitabo cye cyitwa Le Chritianisme et les religions du monde, yavuze ko ubutatu ari impamvu imwe yatumye amadini adashobora gucengera mu buryo bugaragara mu bantu batari Abakristo. Aragira ati “Ndetse n’Abayisilamu bahugutse neza ntibashobora rwose gupfa kubyumva, nk’uko Abayahudi kugeza ubu batashoboye kwiyumvisha igitekerezo cy’ubutatu . . . Inyigisho y’Ubutatu isobanura aho Imana imwe rukumbi itandukaniye n’imana eshatu z’ubutatu, ntinyura Abayisilamu, basanga bivurunganye aho kugira ngo bamurikirwe n’amagambo ya gitewolojiya akomoka ku rurimi rw’igisiriyaki, twavuga nk’Ikigiriki n’Ikilatini. Abayisilamu basanga ibyo byose ari nk’umukino w’amagambo . . . Kuki umuntu yashaka kugira icyo yongera ku gitekerezo cy’uko Imana ari imwe kandi rukumbi ku buryo byagabanya cyangwa bikonona icyemezo cy’uko Imana ari imwe kandi rukumbi?”

“Si Imana y’Umuvurungano”

NI GUTE iyo nyigisho y’umuvurungano yaje kuvuka? Igitabo cyitwa The Catholic Encyclopedia kivuga ko “Ihame ry’amayobera rityo rigaragaza ihishurwa ry’Imana.” Abahanga b’Abagatolika nka Karl Rahner na Herbert Vorgrimler mu gitabo cyabo cyitwa Theological Dictionary baragira bati “Ubutatu ni iyobera . . . mu buryo bwuzuye . . . , ntirishobora kumenywa nta hishurwa, ndetse na nyuma y’ihishurwa, ntirishobora kumvikana byuzuye.”

Nyamara kwemeza ko ngo kuba Ubutatu ari iyobera rivuruganye rityo, ari byo bigaragaza ko bwaba bwaravuye ku ihishurwa ry’Imana bibyutsa ikindi kibazo gikomeye. Kubera iki? Kubera ko ihishurwa riva ku Mana atari uko rigaragaza ibyerekeye Imana: “Kukw Imana itar’ iy’umuvurungano.”—1 Abakorinto 14:33.

Umuntu arebye iyo mvugo, mbese yavugako Imana yaba ari yo ikomokaho inyigisho ivurunganye bene ako kageni ku buryo ndetse n’abahanga b’Abaheburayo, Abagiriki n’Abalatini badashobora kuyisobanura neza?

Ikindi kandi, mbese abantu bagomba kuba abanyatewolojiya kugira ngo babone ‘kumenya Imana y’ukuri yonyine n’uwo yatumye ari we Yesu Kristo’? (Yohana 17:3). Iyaba byari bimeze bityo se, ni ukubera iki noneho ari bake cyane mu ntiti z’abayobozi b’idini ya Kiyahudi bemeye ko Yesu ari Mesiya? Nyamara abigishwa ba Yesu bizerwa bo bari abahinzi baciye bugufi, abarobyi, abakoresha b’ikoro, abagore bo mu rugo. Abo bantu bo muri rubanda rwagiseseka bizeraga rwose ibyo Yesu yigishije ku Mana ku buryo bashoboraga kubyigisha abandi ndetse bakaba bari baniteguye gupfira ukwemera kwabo.—Matayo 15:1-9; 21:23-32, 43; 23:13-36; Yohana 7:45-49; Ibyakozwe 4:13.

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 4]

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