Inyigisho z’Ingirakamaro mu Bihe Birushya Turimo
“Umenye yuko mu minsi y’imperuka hazaza ibihe birushya. . . . Kandi abantu babi, n’abiyita uko batari, bazarushaho kuba babi, bayobya bakayobywa.”—2 TIMOTEYO 3:1, 13.
1, 2. Kuki twagombye gushishikazwa n’inyigisho dukurikirana?
MBESE, waba urimo ufashwa, cyangwa urababazwa? Mbese, ibibazo byawe birimo birakemurwa, cyangwa se birarushaho kuzamba? Bitewe ni iki? Bitewe n’inyigisho. Ni koko, inyigisho zishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe mu buryo bukomeye, zikaba zatuma buba bwiza cyangwa bubi kurushaho.
2 Vuba aha, hari abarimu batatu bo muri kaminuza bifatanije maze biga iby’icyo kibazo, hanyuma baza kwandika ibyo bagezeho mu kinyamakuru cyitwa Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. Wenda bashobora kuba batarize ibikureba ku giti cyawe cyangwa umuryango wawe. Icyakora, ibyo bagezeho bigaragaza ko hari isano ritaziguye riri hagati y’inyigisho no gushobora cyangwa kudashobora guhangana n’ibihe birushya turimo. Mu gice gikurikira iki, tuzagaruka ku bihereranye n’ibyo abo barimu bavumbuye.
3, 4. Ni ibihe bintu bimwe na bimwe bigaragaza ko turi mu bihe birushya?
3 Ariko noneho, reka tubanze dusuzume iki kibazo: mbese wemera ko turi mu bihe bigoye? Niba ari ko biri rero, nta gushidikanya rwose ko wibonera ibihamya bigaragaza ko turi mu “bihe birushya” (2 Timoteyo 3:1-5). Ibyo bigera ku bantu mu buryo bunyuranye. Urugero, wenda ushobora kuba uzi ibihugu ubu birimo biyogozwa n’udutsiko tunyuranye tumaranira ubutegetsi bwa gipolitiki. Ahandi na ho hari ubwicanyi bukomoka ku makimbirane ashingiye ku madini cyangwa ku moko. Ibyo ntibigira ingaruka ku basirikare gusa. Tekereza ku bagore n’abakobwa batabarika bahutazwa, cyangwa abantu bageze mu za bukuru batabona ibyo kurya, ikibasusurutsa, ndetse n’ubwugamo. Hari abantu batabarika bababazwa urw’agashinyaguro birenze urugero, bigatuma habaho impunzi ziteraganwa hirya no hino, hamwe n’ibindi byago.
4 Nanone kandi, ibihe turimo birangwa n’ubukungu bwifashe nabi, bityo bigatuma inganda zifungwa, hakavuka ibibazo byo kubura akazi, guhomba no kubura amafaranga ya pansiyo, guta agaciro kw’amafaranga, no kugabanuka kw’ibyo kurya. Mbese, hari ibindi bibazo byakongerwa kuri urwo rutonde? Birashoboka. Hari za miriyoni z’abandi bantu mu isi yose bashonje kandi barwaye. Birashoboka ko waba warabonye amafoto ateye agahinda yo muri Afurika y’i Burasirazuba yerekana abagabo, abagore, n’abana bananutse cyane. Muri Aziya na ho, abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni bagerwaho n’imibabaro nk’iyo.
5, 6. Kuki twavuga ko indwara na zo ari ikimenyetso cy’ingenzi kiranga ibihe birushya turimo?
5 Twese twumvise iby’indwara ziteye ubwoba zigenda ziyongera muri iki gihe. Ku itariki ya 25 Mutarama 1993, ikinyamakuru cyitwa The New York Times cyanditse kigira kiti “icyorezo cya SIDA kiyogoza ibintu muri Amerika y’Epfo, kikaba kigenda gikwirakwira binyuriye mu busambanyi bw’akahebwe, uburyarya no mu buryo bwo kucyirinda butagira gahunda . . . kiri hafi yo kugera ku ntera iruta iyo kigezeho muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika. . . Uko gukwirakwira kwacyo, ahanini bituruka ku kwandura kwiyongera mu . . . bagore.” Mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 1992, ikinyamakuru cyitwa U.S. News and World Report cyanditse kigira kiti “hashize imyaka makumyabiri gusa ubwo minisitiri w’ubuzima wo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika yashimagizaga kimwe mu bikorwa bikomeye cyane byagezweho mu bihereranye n’ubuzima bw’abantu, yavuze ko igihe cyari kigeze cyo ‘kubumba igitabo cy’indwara zandura.’ ” Ariko se, byifashe bite muri iki gihe? Icyo kinyamakuru cyakomeje kigira kiti “ibitaro byongeye kuzuramo abantu bafashwe n’ibyorezo abantu bibwiraga ko byaneshejwe burundu. . . . Za mikorobe zihora zihanga izindi ngamba zishingiye ku ngirabuzima fatizo zikoranywe ubuhanga kurushaho, zituma zisiga ubuvumbuzi bw’imiti mishyashya. . . . ‘Indwara zandura zinjiye mu cyiciro gishyashya.’ ”
6 Urugero, ikinyamakuru cyitwa Newsweek cyo ku itariki 11 Mutarama 1993, cyagize kiti “bavuga ko buri mwaka abantu bagera kuri miriyoni 270 bandura udukoko twa maraliya, abagera kuri miriyoni 2 bagahitanwa na two . . . kandi nibura abantu bagera kuri miriyoni 100 bakaba ari indembe. . . . Byongeye kandi, iyo ndwara iragenda irushaho kunanira imiti isanzwe iyivura. . . . Birashoboka ko vuba aha ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bw’iyo ndwara butazashobora kuvurwa.” Ibyo bikaba bitabura gutera ubwoba.
7. Ni gute abantu benshi bifata ku bihereranye n’ibihe bigoye turimo?
7 Ushobora kuba warabonye ko muri ibi bihe birushya, abantu benshi barimo bashaka ubufasha kugira ngo bakemure ingorane zabo. Tekereza abahindukirira ibitabo bisobanura uburyo bwo guhangana n’imihangayiko cyangwa indwara zimwe na zimwe z’inzaduka. Abandi na bo usanga barabuze aho bavana inama ku bihereranye n’ingo zisenyuka, uburyo bwo kurera abana, ku bihereranye n’ingaruka mbi ziterwa n’ibisindisha cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge, cyangwa se kutabogama ku bihereranye n’ibyo basabwa kuzuza ku kazi kabo n’inshingano zo mu ngo zabo. Ni koko, bakeneye ubufasha! Mbese, waba uhanganye n’ikibazo cya bwite, cyangwa se ukaba ufite ingorane zatewe n’intambara, inzara, cyangwa impanuka? N’ubwo ikibazo runaka kikubuza amahwemo cyaba gisa n’aho kidashobora kubonerwa umuti, ufite impamvu zo kuba wakwibaza uti ‘kuki tugeze mu mimerere iruhije bene aka kageni?’
8. Kuki twagombye guhindukirira Bibiliya kugira ngo tugire ubushishozi kandi tubone ubuyobozi?
8 Mbere y’uko dushobora guhangana n’ibibazo kandi tukabonera ibyishimo mu buzima muri iki gihe no mu gihe kizaza, dukeneye kubanza kumenya impamvu turi mu bihe birushya. Mu by’ukuri, ibyo biha buri wese muri twe impamvu yo gusuzuma Bibiliya. Kuki tuvuze ibyerekeye Bibiliya? Ni ukubera ko ari yo yonyine ikubiyemo ubuhanuzi bw’ukuri, amateka yanditswe mbere y’igihe, yerekana impamvu ibyago bitwugarije, aho tugeze ndetse n’aho tujya.
Isomo Twavana mu Mateka
9, 10. Ni gute ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu buri muri Matayo igice cya 24 bwasohoye mu kinyejana cya mbere?
9 Igazeti y’Umunara w’Umurinzi yo ku itariki ya 1 Ukwakira 1994, yakoze isuzuma rishishikaje ry’ubuhanuzi butangaje bwa Yesu bwo muri Matayo igice cya 24. Urambuye Bibiliya yawe kuri icyo gice, usanga ku murongo wa 3 abigishwa ba Yesu baramubajije ikimenyetso cy’ukuhaba kwe ko mu gihe cyari kuza, n’icy’iherezo rya gahunda y’ibintu. Hanyuma, ku murongo wa 5 kugeza ku wa 14, Yesu yavuze ko hari kuzabaho abiyita Kristo, intambara, ibura ry’ibiribwa, ugutotezwa kw’Abakristo, ubwicamategeko, hamwe no kwaguka k’umurimo wo kubwiriza ibihereranye n’Ubwami bw’Imana.
10 Amateka agaragaza ko ibyo bintu byabayeho mu gihe cy’iherezo rya gahunda y’ibintu ya Kiyahudi. Iyo uza kuba uhari icyo gihe, mbese, ntiwari kubona ko ibyo byari kuba ari ibihe bigoye? Icyakora, ibintu byarimo bigana ku ndunduro, ni ukuvuga ku mubabaro ukomeye utari warigeze ubaho mbere hose wari kugera kuri Yerusalemu na gahunda ya Kiyahudi. Ku murongo wa 15, dutangira dusoma uko byagenze ubwo Abaroma bateraga i Yerusalemu mu wa 66 mu gihe cyacu. Ibyo byageze ku isonga yabyo mu mubabaro wari waravuzwe na Yesu ku murongo wa 21—ni ukuvuga irimbuka rya Yerusalemu ryabayeho mu wa 70 mu gihe cyacu, umubabaro uruta iyindi yose yageze kuri uwo murwa. Nyamara kandi, uzi ko amateka atarangiriye aho, nta n’ubwo kandi Yesu yigeze avuga ko yari kurangirira aho. Kuva ku murongo wa 23 kugeza ku wa 28, yerekanye ko hari ibindi bintu byagombaga kubaho nyuma y’umubabaro wo muri 70 mu gihe cyacu.
11. Ni mu buhe buryo isohozwa ryo mu kinyejana cya mbere ry’ibivugwa muri Matayo igice cya 24 rifitanye isano n’iki gihe?
11 Muri iki gihe, hari bamwe bashobora gupfobya ibyo bintu byabayeho mu gihe cyahise bavuga bati ‘ibyo biturebaho iki?’ Ibyo byaba ari ukwibeshya. Isohozwa ry’ubwo buhanuzi bwo mu gihe cyahise, ni iry’ingenzi cyane. Kubera iki? Kubera ko intambara, inzara, imitingito y’isi, ibyorezo by’indwara hamwe n’itotezwa ryabayeho mu gihe cy’iherezo rya gahunda ya Kiyahudi, byari kugaragara mu isohozwa ryagutse kurushaho nyuma y’ “ibihe byagenwe by’amahanga” byarangiye mu wa 1914 (Luka 21:24, Traduction du monde nouveau). Abantu benshi bariho ubu, biboneye Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose, igihe isohozwa ry’ibyo ryo muri iki gihe ryatangiraga. Ariko kandi, n’ubwo waba waravutse nyuma ya 1914, wiboneye isohozwa ry’ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu. Ibintu byagiye bibaho muri iki kinyejana cya 20, byerekana mu buryo bugaragara cyane ko turi mu iherezo ry’iyi gahunda mbi.
12. Dukurikije amagambo ya Yesu, ni iki twakwitega kuzabona?
12 Ibyo bishaka kuvuga ko “umubabaro” uvugwa muri Matayo 24:29 ari uwo mu gihe kizaza. Uzaba ukubiyemo ibimenyetso byo mu ijuru by’indengakamere. Umurongo wa 30 ugaragaza ko abantu bazabona ikimenyetso kinyuranye n’ibyo—ni ukuvuga ikimenyetso kizaba kigaragaza ko irimbuka ryegereje. Dukurikije inkuru ihuje n’iyo yo muri Luka 21:25-28, muri icyo gihe kizaza, “abantu bazagushwa igihumure n’ubwoba no kwibwira ibyenda kuba mu isi.” Nanone, inkuru yo muri Luka ivuga ko icyo gihe Abakristo bazararama bakubura imitwe yabo, kuko gucungurwa kwabo kuzaba kwenda gusohora.
13. Ni izihe ngingo ebyiri z’ingenzi dukwiriye kwitaho?
13 Wenda ushobora kuvuga uti ‘ibyo byose ni byiza rwose, uti ariko se, sinibwiraga ko aho ikibazo kiri ari ukuntu nashobora gusobanukirwa ibihereranye n’ibihe birushya turimo, n’ukuntu nashobora guhangana na byo?’ Ni byo rwose. Icya mbere ni ukumenya ibibazo by’ingenzi duhanganye na byo, hanyuma tukareba ukuntu dushobora kubyirinda. Na ho icya kabiri gifitanye isano n’icya mbere, ni ukureba ukuntu inyigisho z’Ibyanditswe zishobora kudufasha mu kugira imibereho myiza kurushaho muri iki gihe. Ku bihereranye n’ibyo, rambura Bibiliya yawe urebe muri 2 Timoteyo igice cya 3, maze urebe ukuntu amagambo y’intumwa Pawulo ashobora kudufasha guhangana n’ibihe bigoye turimo.
Ubuhanuzi Buhereranye n’Igihe Cyacu
14. Kuki dufite impamvu zo kwizera ko gusuzuma ibikubiye muri 2 Timoteyo 3:1-5 bishobora kutwungura?
14 Imana yahumekeye Pawulo kugira ngo yandikire Umukristo w’indahemuka Timoteyo inama nyinshi nziza cyane zamufashije kurushaho kugira imibereho myiza kandi irangwamo ibyishimo. Isohozwa ry’ingenzi rya bimwe mu byo Pawulo yanditse, ryagombaga kubaho muri iki gihe. N’ubwo waba wumva ko ayo magambo y’ubuhanuzi uyazi neza, reka tuyakurikirane twitonze muri 2 Timoteyo 3:1-5. Pawulo yanditse agira ati “umenye yuko mu minsi y’imperuka hazaza ibihe birushya; kuko abantu bazaba bikunda, bakunda impiya, birarīra, bibona, batukana, batumvira ababyeyi babo, indashima, batari abera, badakunda n’ababo, batūzura, babeshyerana, batirinda, bagira urugomo, badakunda ibyiza, bagambana, ibyigenge, bikakaza, bakunda ibibanezeza aho gukunda Imana, bafite ishusho yo kwera, ariko bahakana imbaraga zako.”
15. Kuki noneho muri 2 Timoteyo 3:1 hagombye kudushishikaza mu buryo bwihariye?
15 Uzirikane ko aho havugwa ibintu bigera kuri 19. Mbere y’uko tubisuzuma no kugira ngo tubashe kungukirwa, reka turebe ibikubiyemo muri rusange. Reba ku murongo wa 1. Pawulo yahanuye agira ati “mu minsi y’imperuka hazaza ibihe birushya.” Iyo “minsi y’imperuka” ni iyihe? Habayeho iminsi y’imperuka myinshi, urugero nk’iminsi y’imperuka ya Pompeii ya kera, cyangwa iminsi y’imperuka y’umwami cyangwa iy’umuryango runaka wakomokagamo abami. Ndetse na Bibiliya ivuga iminsi y’imperuka myinshi, nk’iminsi y’imperuka ya gahunda ya Kiyahudi (Ibyakozwe 2:16, 17). Bityo rero, Yesu yadushyiriyeho urufatiro rutuma dusobanukirwa ko ‘iminsi y’imperuka’ yavuzwe na Pawulo yerekeye kuri iki gihe turimo.
16. Ni iyihe mimerere yari kubaho muri iki gihe yahanuwe mu mugani w’ingano n’urumamfu?
16 Urwo rufatiro yarudushyiriyeho binyuriye mu mugani yaciye w’ingano n’urumamfu. Ibyo byombi byatewe mu murima maze barareka birakurana. Yesu yavuze ko ingano n’urumamfu bigereranya abantu—ni ukuvuga Abakristo b’ukuri n’ab’ibinyoma. Tuvuze iby’uwo mugani bitewe n’uko werekana ko mbere y’iherezo rya gahunda mbi yose uko yakabaye, hagombaga guhita igihe kirekire. Ubwo igihe cy’iryo herezo cyari kuba kigeze, hari ikintu cyagombaga kuba cyogeye. Icyo kintu ni ikihe? Ni ubuhakanyi, ari byo bivuga gutandukira Ubukristo bw’ukuri, kandi ubwo buhakanyi bwari kugira umusaruro utubutse w’ubugome. Ubundi buhanuzi bwa Bibiliya, buhamya ko ibyo byari kubaho mu minsi y’imperuka ya gahunda mbi. Icyo gihe ni cyo tugezemo, ni ukuvuga iherezo rya gahunda y’ibintu.—Matayo 13:24-30, 36-43.
17. Ibindi bintu bihuje n’ibyo bivugwa muri 2 Timoteyo 3:1-5 bigaragaza iki ku bihererenye n’iherezo rya gahunda y’ibintu?
17 Mbese, waba wiyumvisha intera y’ibyo bintu? Mu rwandiko rwa kabiri rwandikiwe Timoteyo 3:1-5, havugwa amagambo nk’ayo, hatugaragariza ko mu iherezo rya gahunda, cyangwa iminsi y’imperuka, imbuto z’abantu bakikije Abakristo zari kuba ari mbi. Nta bwo Pawulo yashakaga kuvuga ko bya bintu 19 yavuze byari kuba ikimenyetso cy’ibanze gihamya ko iminsi y’imperuka yasohoye. Ahubwo, yaduhaga umuburo ku bihereranye n’ibintu twari guhangana na byo mu minsi y’imperuka. Umurongo wa 1 uvuga iby’ “ibihe birushya.” Iyo mvugo yavanywe mu ijambo ry’Ikigiriki rifashwe uko ryakabaye inyuguti ku yindi, rikaba risobanura “ibihe byagenwe bikaze” (Kingdom Interlinear). Mbese ntiwemera ko ijambo “bikaze” ryumvikanisha neza ibihe turimo muri iki gihe? Icyo gice cyahumetswe, gikomeza kiduha ubusobanuro bwimbitse buva ku Mana ku byerekeye iki gihe turimo.
18. Ni iki twagombye kwibandaho mu gihe dusuzuma amagambo y’ubuhanuzi ya Pawulo?
18 Kuba dushishikajwe n’ubu buhanuzi, byagombye gutuma tubona ingero zibabaje z’ukuntu iki gihe turimo kirushya, cyangwa gikaze. Twibuke za ngingo ebyiri z’ingenzi: (1) kumenya ingorane zituma ibihe turimo bigorana, no kureba ukuntu dushobora kuzirinda; (2) gukurikiza inyigisho z’ingirakamaro by’ukuri kandi zishobora gutuma tugira imibereho myiza kurushaho. Bityo rero, aho gukomeza kwibanda ku bintu bitarangwamo icyizere, ahubwo tuzibanda ku nyigisho zishobora kudufasha twe n’imiryango yacu muri ibi bihe birushya.
Sarura Imigisha Ikungahaye
19. Ni ibihe bintu uzi bigaragaza ko abantu bikunda?
19 Pawulo atangira urutonde rwe ahanura ko mu minsi y’imperuka, “abantu bazaba bikunda” (2 Timoteyo 3:2). Ni iki yashakaga kuvuga? Ni koko, mu mateka yose hagiye habaho abagabo n’abagore bikunda kandi bibona. Ariko kandi, nta gushidikanya ko muri iki gihe iyo ngeso yogeye hose mu buryo budasanzwe. Kuri benshi ho birenze urugero. Mu banyapolitiki no mu bacuruzi, ni nk’aho ari ihame. Usanga abagabo n’abagore bashaka kugira ububasha n’ikuzo batitaye ku cyo ibyo byatwara cyose. Ubusanzwe, ibyo bigira icyo bitwara abandi, kuko abo bantu bikunda badaterwa impungenge n’ukuntu bagirira nabi abandi. Bihutira gushoza imanza ku bandi cyangwa kubabeshya. Ngiyo impamvu hari benshi bita iki gihe turimo “igihe cya ni jye ubanza.” Ba nyamwigendaho n’abikunda, bareze.
20. Ni gute inyigisho za Bibiliya zinyuranye n’umwuka wogeye hose w’ubwikunde?
20 Ntidukeneye kwibutswa ibintu bibabaje byatugezeho bitewe no gushyikirana n’abantu “bikunda.” Nyamara kandi, ni iby’ukuri ko mu kuvuga iby’icyo kibazo mu buryo bweruye, Bibiliya iradufasha, kuko itwigisha uburyo bwo kwirinda uwo mutego. Igira iti “ntimukagire icyo mukorera kwirema ibice cyangwa kwifata uko mutari, ahubwo mwicishe bugufi mu mitima, umuntu wese yibwire ko mugenzi we amuruta. Umuntu wese muri mwe areke kwizirikana ubwe gusa, ahubwo azirikane n’abandi.” “Mwe kwifata uko mutari, ahubwo mutekereze mwitonze.” Iyo nama ihebuje iboneka mu Bafilipi 2:3, 4 no mu Baroma 12:3.
21, 22. (a) Ni ibihe bihamya byinshi bigaragaza ko izo nama zishobora kuba ingirakamaro muri iki gihe? (b) Ni izihe ngaruka inama z’Imana zagiye zigira ku bantu basanzwe?
21 Wenda hari bamwe bashobora kubirwanya bagira bati, ‘ibyo ni byiza rwose, ariko ntibishoboka.’ Nyamara kandi, ibyo birashoboka rwose. Izo nama zishobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa, kandi abazishyira mu bikorwa muri iki gihe, ni abantu basanzwe. Mu mwaka wa 1990, umwanditsi wo muri kaminuza yitwa Oxford University yanditse igitabo cyitwa The Social Dimensions of Sectarianism. Igice cyacyo cya 8 cyari gifite umutwe uvuga ngo “Abahamya ba Yehova mu Gihugu cy’Abagatolika,” kikaba cyaravugaga iby’ubushakashatsi bwakorewe mu Bubiligi. Dusoma ngo “ubwo bavugaga icyatumye baba Abahamya, uretse gukururwa n’ ‘Ukuri’ ubwako, ababajijwe bagiye bavuga indi mico irenze umwe. . . . Igishyuhirane, ubucuti, urukundo, hamwe n’ubumwe, ni yo mico yakundaga kuvugwa kenshi, uretse ko kuba inyangamugayo hamwe n’ukuntu buri wese ‘ashyira mu bikorwa inyigisho za Bibiliya,’ na yo yari indi mico Abahamya bashimirwaga.”
22 Ibyo bintu muri rusange dushobora kubigereranya n’ifoto yafotowe hakoreshejwe icyuma gifotora gifata ahantu hanini; niba mu mwanya wacyo hakoreshejwe icyuma gifotora ibintu biri kure kibanje kubyiyegereza, washobora kubona neza ibintu byinshi bibaho mu mibereho y’abantu. Aho hakubiyemo abantu kera bahoze ari abirasi, bakagatiza, cyangwa se bikundaga bikabije, ariko ubu bakaba bitonda cyane, barabaye abagabo n’ababyeyi barushaho kugaragariza abo bashakanye, abana, ndetse n’abo hanze, urukundo n’impuhwe. Nanone wasangamo abagore bahoze ari ibishegabo cyangwa ibitsire, none ubu bakaba bafasha abandi kwiga inzira y’Ubukristo nyakuri. Dufite ingero zibarirwa mu bihumbi amagana z’abantu nk’abo. None se, mu by’ukuri, ntiwahitamo kwibanira n’abantu bameze batyo, aho guhora uri kumwe n’abagabo n’abagore bikunda? Mbese, ibyo ntibyatuma guhangana n’ibihe birushya turimo birushaho kutworohera? Kandi se, gukurikiza inyigisho nk’izo za Bibiliya, ntibyatuma urushaho kugira ibyishimo?
23. Kuki tuzagirirwa umumaro no gukomeza gusuzuma ibikubiye muri 2 Timoteyo 3:2-5?
23 Nyamara kandi, tumaze gusuzuma ikintu kimwe cya mbere mu rutonde rw’ibyo Pawulo yavuze muri 2 Timoteyo 3:2-5. Bite se ku bindi bisigaye? Mbese, kubisuzumana ubwitonzi, na byo byazagufasha kumenya ibibazo by’ingenzi byo muri iki gihe turimo kugira ngo ushobore kubyirinda, kandi bitume usobanukirwa inzira ishobora kukuzanira ibyishimo byinshi kurushaho, wowe n’ab’ukunda? Igice gikurikira, kizagufasha gusubiza ibyo bibazo no kuronka imigisha myinshi.
Ingingo zo Kuzirikana?
◻ Ni ibihe bintu bimwe na bimwe bigaragaza ko turi mu bihe birushya?
◻ Kuki tutashidikanya ko turi mu minsi y’imperuka?
◻ Ni izihe ngingo ebyiri z’ingenzi twavana mu gusuzuma 2 Timoteyo 3:1-5?
◻ Muri iki gihe benshi bikunda, ni gute inyigisho za Bibiliya zafashije ubwoko bwa Yehova?
[Aho ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 1 yavuye]
Igifubiko: Ifoto iri ahagana hejuru ibumoso: Andy Hernandez/Sipa Press; ifoto iri ahagana hasi iburyo: Jose Nicolas/Sipa Press