Pawulo akora gahunda yo gutanga imfashanyo zo gufasha abera

ABAKRISTO b’ukuri bashishikazwa mbere na mbere n’inyungu z’iby’umwuka. Ariko nanone, bahangayikishwa n’imimerere myiza yo mu buryo bw’umubiri y’abandi bantu. Incuro nyinshi, bagiye bafasha abari mu mimerere igoranye. Urukundo rwa kivandimwe rusunikira Abakristo gufasha bagenzi babo bahuje ukwizera baba bakeneye ubufasha.​—Yohana 13:34, 35.

Urukundo intumwa Pawulo yari ifitiye abavandimwe na bashiki bayo bo mu buryo bw’umwuka rwayisunikiye gukora gahunda yo gukusanya imfashanyo mu matorero yo muri Akaya, ay’i Galatiya, ay’i Makedoniya n’ayo mu ntara ya Aziya. Ni iki cyatumye iyo mfashanyo iba ngombwa? Ni gute gahunda yo gutanga imfashanyo yateguwe? Ni gute yitabiriwe? Kandi se, kuki tugomba gushishikazwa n’ibyo bintu byabayeho?

Imimerere Itorero ry’i Yerusalemu Ryari Ririmo

Nyuma ya Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33 I.C., Abayahudi n’abanyamahanga bari barahindukiriye idini ry’Abayahudi bari baraturutse mu tundi turere bakaba barahindutse abigishwa kuri Pentekote, bagumye i Yerusalemu mu gihe runaka, kugira ngo bamenye byinshi kurushaho ku bihereranye n’ukwizera k’ukuri. Aho byabaga ari ngombwa, bagenzi babo bahuje ukwizera bishimiraga kubafasha kwita ku bibazo byaterwaga no kuba baragumye aho ngaho icyo gihe cyose (Ibyakozwe 2:7-11, 41-44; 4:32-37). Imyivumbagatanyo y’abaturage ishobora kuba yaratumye ubukene bwiyongera igihe Abayahudi bakundaga igihugu by’agakabyo batangizaga ibikorwa byo kwigomeka n’urugomo rwakorwaga n’udutsiko tw’inzererezi. Ariko kandi, abapfakazi bakennye bahabwaga igerero rya buri munsi kugira ngo hatagira umwigishwa wa Kristo wicwa n’inzara (Ibyakozwe 6:1-6). Herode ubwe yiyemeje gutoteza itorero, kandi amapfa yayogozaga akarere k’i Yudaya mu myaka ya za 40 rwagati I.C. Ku bihereranye n’abigishwa ba Yesu, ibyo byose byabagezeho bishobora kuba byaraturutse ku byo Pawulo yise “imibabaro” no “kunyagwa ibintu [byabo].”​—Abaheburayo 10:32-34; Ibyakozwe 11:27–12:1.

Ahagana mu mwaka wa 49 I.C., imimerere y’ibintu yari igikomeye. Ni yo mpamvu ubwo Petero, Yakobo na Yohana bari bamaze kwemeza ko Pawulo yibanda ku Banyamahanga mu murimo we wo kubwiriza, bamusabye no gukomeza “[k]wibuka abakene.” Ibyo ni byo Pawulo yihatiye gukora.​—Abagalatiya 2:7-10.

Gukora Gahunda yo Gukusanya Imfashanyo

Pawulo yacungaga amafaranga yo gufasha Abakristo b’abakene b’i Yudaya. Ahagana mu mwaka wa 55 I.C., yabwiye Abakorinto ati “ibyerekeye ku byo gusonzoranyiriza abera impiya, nk’uko nategetse amatorero y’i Galatiya, abe ari ko namwe mukora. Ku wa mbere w’iminsi irind[w]i hose umuntu wese muri mwe abike iwe ibimushobokera nk’uko atunze . . . [Hanyuma] abo muzashima nzabatuma mbahaye inzandiko, kugira ngo abe ari bo bajyana iby’ubuntu bwanyu i Yerusalemu” (1 Abakorinto 16:1-3). Hashize umwaka umwe nyuma y’aho, Pawulo yavuze ko ab’i Makedoniya n’abo mu Akaya bifatanyije muri uko gutanga imfashanyo. Kandi igihe amafaranga yakusanyijwe yoherezwaga i Yerusalemu, kuba hari hari intumwa zaturukaga mu ntara yo muri Aziya bisa n’aho bigaragaza ko amatorero yo muri ako karere na yo yari yaratanze imfashanyo.​—Ibyakozwe 20:4; 2 Abakorinto 8:1-4; 9:1, 2.

Nta muntu n’umwe wahatirwaga gutanga ibirenze ibyo yashoboraga gutanga. Ahubwo, kwari ukugira ngo habeho iringaniza, ku buryo ibyo bamwe basaguraga byose byashoboraga kuziba icyuho cy’ibyo abera b’i Yerusalemu n’i Yudaya bari bakeneye (2 Abakorinto 8:13-15). Pawulo yagize ati “umuntu wese atange nk’uko abigambiriye mu mutima we, atinuba kandi adahatwa, kuko Imana ikunda utanga anezerewe.”​—2 Abakorinto 9:7.

Iyo ntumwa yahaye Abakorinto impamvu nziza yagombaga gutuma bagira umutima wo gutanga. Yesu yari ‘yarahindutse umukene ku bwabo, kugira ngo ubukene bwe bubatungishe’ mu buryo bw’umwuka (2 Abakorinto 8:9). Nta gushidikanya, bari kwifuza kwigana umutima we wo gutanga. Ikindi kandi, kubera ko Imana yari yarabahaye ubutunzi ‘ngo bagire ubuntu bwose,’ byari bikwiriye ko bafasha abera mu kubaha ibyo bakeneye.​—2 Abakorinto 9:10-12.

Imyifatire y’Abifatanyije mu Gutanga

Dushobora kumenya byinshi ku byerekeranye n’imfashanyo zatangwaga ku bushake, turebye imyifatire abifatanyije muri gahunda yo gufasha abera mu kinyejana cya mbere bari bafite. Ibyo gukusanya imfashanyo byagaragazaga ibirenze ibyo kuba barahangayikiraga abakene bagenzi babo basenga Yehova. Byagaragazaga ko hari hari umurunga w’ubumwe bwa kivandimwe wahuzaga Abakristo b’Abayahudi n’ab’Abanyamahanga. Gutanga imfashanyo no kwemera kuzakira byari ikimenyetso cy’ubumwe n’ubucuti byarangaga abo Banyamahanga n’Abayahudi. Ugusangira kwabo kwari gukubiyemo ibintu byo mu buryo bw’umubiri n’ibyo mu buryo bw’umwuka.​—Abaroma 15:26, 27.

Mu mizo ya mbere, Pawulo ashobora kuba atarasabye Abakristo b’i Makedoniya kwifatanya muri uko gutanga​—kubera ko na bo bari bakennye cyane. Ariko kandi, bakomeje ‘kumwinginga cyane kugira ngo yakire ubuntu bwabo batanze.’ N’ikimenyimenyi, n’ubwo ‘bageragezwaga cyane n’amakuba menshi,’ batanze “kurenza ibyo bashoboye” babigiranye ibyishimo (2 Abakorinto 8:1-4)! Uko bigaragara, ikigeragezo gikomeye bari bafite cyari gikubiyemo ibirego babaregaga bavuga ko bakurikiza idini ritemewe n’amategeko y’Abaroma. Bityo rero, birumvikana ko bari kwishyira mu mwanya w’abavandimwe babo b’i Yudaya bari bahuje ingorane.​—Ibyakozwe 16:20, 21; 17:5-9; 1 Abatesalonike 2:14.

N’ubwo Pawulo yari yarifashishije umwete Abakorinto bari baragaragaje mbere bitabira ibyo gukusanya imfashanyo kugira ngo atere inkunga Abanyamakedoniya, uwo mwete wabo wari waragabanutse. Icyo gihe noneho, intumwa yavuze ibihereranye n’umutima wo gutanga w’Abanyamakedoniya kugira ngo isunikire Abakorinto kugira icyo bakora. Yasanze ari ngombwa kubibutsa ko igihe cyari kigeze kugira ngo barangize ibyo bari baratangiye gukora mu mwaka umwe mbere y’aho. Ni gute byari byarabagendekeye?​—2 Abakorinto 8:10, 11; 9:1-5.

Tito yari yaratangije igikorwa cyo gukusanya imfashanyo i Korinto, ariko havutse ibibazo bishobora kuba byaraburijemo imihati ye. Tito amaze kubivuganaho na Pawulo i Makedoniya, yasubiranyeyo n’abandi babiri bajya gutera itorero ry’i Korinto inkunga yo kurangiza ibyo gukusanya imfashanyo. Hari abantu bamwe na bamwe bumvikanishaga ko Pawulo yari yaragerageje kugira Abakorinto ibikoresho bye. Wenda yaba ari yo mpamvu yatumye yohereza abagabo batatu kurangiza ibyo gukusanya imfashanyo, akanabagira inama bose. Pawulo yagize ati “twirinda ngo hatagira umuntu utugaya ku bw’izo mpano nyinshi tugwiza hose. Dushaka gukora ibyiza, uretse imbere y’Umwami wacu gusa, ahubwo n’imbere y’abantu.”​—2 Abakorinto 8:6, 18-23; 12:18.

Kujyana Imfashanyo

Mu rugaryi rwo mu mwaka wa 56 I.C., amafaranga yari yatanzwe yari agiye kujyanwa i Yerusalemu. Pawulo yari kujyana n’intumwa zatoranyijwe na ba nyir’ugutanga izo mfashanyo. Mu Byakozwe n’Intumwa 20:4 hagira hati “abajyanaga na we ni Sopatero mwene Puro w’i Beroya, na Arisitariko na Sekondo b’i Tesalonike, na Gayo w’i Derube, na Timoteyo na Tukiko na Tirofimo bo mu Asiya.” Uko bigaragara, muri bo hari hari na Luka, ushobora kuba yari ahagarariye Abakristo b’i Filipi. Bityo rero, hari abagabo nibura icyenda boherejwe muri ubwo butumwa.

Intiti yitwa Dieter Georgi yavuze ko “amafaranga yose yakusanyijwe agomba kuba yari atubutse cyane, naho ubundi, imihati ya nyuma yashyizweho na Pawulo n’izo ntumwa nyinshi nta cyo yari kuba imaze ugereranyije n’imihangayiko bagize n’ikiguzi byabasabaga.” Iryo tsinda ntiryari iryo kurinda umutekano w’ayo mafaranga gusa, ahubwo nanone ryari gukingira Pawulo kugira ngo hatagira ikintu runaka cy’ubuhemu bamushinja. Aboherejwe bari bahagarariye amatorero y’Abanyamahanga imbere y’abera b’i Yerusalemu.

Iyo izo ntumwa zigenda mu bwato kuva i Korinto kugera i Siriya, zari kuba zageze i Yerusalemu kuri Pasika. Ariko kandi, zamenye inkuru ihereranye n’akagambane kari kakozwe ko kwica Pawulo, bituma zihindura imigambi (Ibyakozwe 20:3). Wenda abanzi be bari bafite umugambi wo kumutsinda mu nyanja.

Pawulo yari afite ibindi byari bimuhangayikishije. Mbere y’uko agenda, yandikiye Abakristo b’i Roma abasaba ko bamusengera kugira ngo ‘akire ab’i Yudaya batamwumvira [“batizera,” NW ] , kandi kugira ngo imfashanyo yari ajyanye i Yerusalemu zishimwe n’abera’ (Abaroma 15:30, 31). N’ubwo nta gushidikanya abera bari kwakira izo mfashanyo babigiranye ugushimira mu buryo bwimbitse, Pawulo ashobora kuba yarahangayikishwaga n’inkeke ukuza kwe kwari gutera hagati y’Abayahudi muri rusange.

Nta gushidikanya, iyo ntumwa yakomeje kuzirikana abakene. N’ubwo Ibyanditswe bitavuga igihe imfashanyo yatangiwe, gutangwa kwayo kwateje imbere ubumwe kandi kwatumye Abakristo b’Abanyamahanga bashobora kugaragariza bagenzi babo b’Abayahudi bahuje ukwizera ko babashimira ku bw’ubutunzi bwo mu buryo bw’umwuka bari barabahaye. Kuba Pawulo yariyerekanye mu rusengero nyuma gato y’aho agereye i Yerusalemu, byabyukije imyivumbagatanyo kandi bituma afatwa. Amaherezo ariko, yaboneyeho umwanya wo kubwiriza abatware n’abami.​—Ibyakozwe 9:15; 21:17-36; 23:11; 24:1–26:32.

Imfashanyo Dutanga Muri Iki Gihe

Hari byinshi byahindutse uhereye mu kinyejana cya mbere​—ariko amahame y’ishingiro ntiyigeze ahinduka. Abakristo bamenyeshwa mu buryo bukwiriye ibikenewe mu byerekeranye n’amafaranga. Imfashanyo zose batanga zo gufasha abakeneye ubufasha zagombye gutangwa ku bushake, basunitswe n’urukundo bakunda Yehova na bagenzi babo.​—Mariko 12:28-31.

Ingamba zafashwe zo guha imfashanyo abera bo mu kinyejana cya mbere zigaragaza ko umurimo wo kugenzura ibihereranye n’izo mfashanyo ugomba gukorwa kuri gahunda nziza kandi ugasohozwa mu buryo buzira amakemwa. Birumvikana ko Yehova Imana azi neza ibiba bikenewe, kandi aha abagaragu be ibyo bakeneye kugira ngo bashobore gukomeza kugeza ku bandi ubutumwa bwiza bw’Ubwami, n’ubwo habaho ingorane (Matayo 6:25-34). Ariko kandi, twese dushobora gushyiraho akacu, uko imimerere yacu y’iby’ubukungu yaba yifashe kose. Muri ubwo buryo, ‘uwatoraguye byinshi, nta cyo azatubukirwa; kandi n’uwatoraguye bike nta cyo azatubirwa.’—2 Abakorinto 8:15.