Igice cya 2

Umutwe mukuru wa Bibiliya

Gusobanura Ibyanditswe Ubwiru bukubiye mu gitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe bwabereye urujijo abigishwa ba Bibiliya b’umutima utaryarya mu gihe kirekire. Mu gihe cyagenwe n’Imana, ubwo bwiru bwagombaga guhishurwa. Ariko se bwari guhishurwa gute, ryari kandi bwari guhishurirwa nde? Umwuka w’Imana ni wo wonyine washoboraga kubusobanura uko igihe cyagenwe cyari kugenda cyegereza (Ibyahishuwe 1:3). Ubwo bwiru bwera bwagombaga guhishurirwa abagaragu b’Imana barangwa n’ishyaka ba hano ku isi kugira ngo babone imbaraga zo gutangaza imanza zayo (Matayo 13:10, 11). Nta wakwihandagaza ngo avuge ko ibisobanuro biri muri iki gitabo bidashobora kubonekamo ikosa na rimwe. Kimwe na Yozefu wo mu bihe bya kera, twavuga tuti “gusobanura si ukw’Imana se?” (Itangiriro 40:8). Ariko nanone, twizera rwose ko ibisobanuro bitangwa muri iki gitabo bihuza na Bibiliya yose uko yakabaye, bikaba bigaragaza ukuntu ubuhanuzi bw’Imana bwagiye busohozwa mu buryo butangaje n’ibiba ku isi muri iki gihe cy’akaga.

1. Ni uwuhe mugambi ukomeye wa Yehova?

HARI umugani wo muri Bibiliya ugira uti “iherezo ry’ikintu riruta itangira ryacyo” (Umubwiriza 7:8). Mu gitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe havugwa indunduro itangaje y’umugambi ukomeye wa Yehova wo kweza izina rye imbere y’ibyaremwe byose. Ibyo bihuje n’uko Imana yabivuze kenshi binyuze kuri umwe mu bahanuzi bayo ba kera igira iti “bazamenya yuko ndi Uwiteka [“Yehova,” NW]”.​—Ezekiyeli 25:17; 38:23.

2. Ni ubuhe bumenyi bushimishije dukesha igitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe n’ibindi bitabo bibanza bya Bibiliya?

² Nk’uko igitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe kivuga indunduro y’ibintu ishimishije, ni na ko ibitabo bya Bibiliya bibanza bitubwira intangiriro yabyo. Gusuzuma ibyo bitabo bituma dushobora gusobanukirwa ibibazo byavutse kandi tukagira ubumenyi ku migambi y’Imana muri rusange. Mbega ukuntu bishimishije! Nanone iryo suzuma ryagombye kudutera kugira icyo dukora kugira ngo tuzibonere imigisha y’igihe kizaza gihebuje ihishiwe abantu (Zaburi 145:16, 20). Aho bigeze aha, biragaragara noneho ko dukwiriye kuvuga uko ibintu byose byagenze, tukanavuga umutwe rusange wa Bibiliya, kugira ngo dushobore gukomeza kuzirikana ikibazo gikomeye kireba abantu bose muri iki gihe, n’umugambi w’Imana usobanutse neza wo gukemura icyo kibazo.

3. Ni ubuhe buhanuzi bwo mu gitabo cy’Itangiriro bugaragaza umutwe mukuru wa Bibiliya, hakubiyemo n’Ibyahishuwe?

³ Igitabo cya mbere cya Bibiliya cy’Itangiriro kivuga ‘intangiriro,’ kikanavuga iby’imirimo y’Imana yo kurema, hakubiyemo n’ikiremwa yashorejeho imirimo yayo yo kurema yo ku isi, icyo kiremwa kikaba ari umuntu. Nanone igitabo cy’Itangiriro kigaragaza ubuhanuzi bwa mbere bwavuzwe n’Imana ubwayo mu busitani bwa Edeni, ubu hakaba hashize imyaka igera ku 6.000. Icyo gihe ni bwo inzoka yari ikimara gukoreshwa ngo ishuke umugore wa mbere, ari we Eva, hanyuma na we aza koshya Adamu umugabo we kwifatanya na we mu kwica itegeko rya Yehova, arya ku ‘giti cy’ubwenge bumenyesha icyiza n’ikibi.’ Mu guciraho iteka abo bantu bombi bacumuye, Imana yabwiye inzoka iti “nzashyira urwango hagati yawe n’uyu mugore, no hagati y’urubyaro rwawe n’urwe, ruzagukomeretsa umutwe nawe uzarukomeretsa agatsinsino” (Itangiriro 1:1; 2:17; 3:1-6, 14, 15). Ubwo buhanuzi bugaragaza umutwe mukuru wa Bibiliya, hakubiyemo n’Ibyahishuwe.

4. (a) Ni iki cyabaye ku babyeyi bacu ba mbere Imana imaze kuvuga ubuhanuzi bwa mbere? (b) Ni ibihe bibazo bivuka birebana n’ubwo buhanuzi, kandi se kuki dukeneye kumenya ibisubizo byabyo?

⁴ Imana ikimara kuvuga ubwo buhanuzi, yahise yirukana ababyeyi bacu ba mbere muri Edeni. Ibyiringiro byabo byo kubaho iteka muri Paradizo byari bishize; bagombaga kuba hanze yayo, ku butaka butari butunganyijwe. Nyuma yo gucirwaho iteka ryo gupfa, bari kuzajya babyara abana banduye icyaha (Itangiriro 3:23 kugeza 4:1; Abaroma 5:12). Ariko se, ubuhanuzi bwo muri Edeni busobanura iki? Ni ba nde bavugwa muri ubwo buhanuzi? Ni irihe sano bufitanye n’Ibyahishuwe? Ni ubuhe butumwa budufitiye muri iki gihe? Kugira ngo tuvanirweho ingaruka z’ibintu bibabaje byatumye Yehova avuga ubwo buhanuzi, ni iby’ingenzi rwose ko tumenya ibisubizo by’ibyo bibazo

Ab’ingenzi bavugwa muri ubwo buhanuzi

5. Igihe inzoka yoshyaga Eva, ni iki cyabaye ku butegetsi bw’ikirenga bw’Imana no ku izina ryayo, kandi se ibyo bizakemuka bite?

⁵ Ubuhanuzi bwo mu Itangiriro 3:15 bwabwiwe inzoka yabeshye Eva imwumvisha ko atari gupfa azira kutumvira, ko ahubwo yari kwigenga akaba imana. Uko ni ko inzoka yahinduye Yehova umubeshyi kandi yumvikanisha ko abantu barushaho kugira imibereho myiza baramutse bitaruye ubutegetsi Bwe bw’ikirenga (Itangiriro 3:1-5). Ubutegetsi bw’ikirenga bwa Yehova bwashidikanyijweho kandi izina rye ryiza riranduzwa. Igitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe kivuga ukuntu Umucamanza ukiranuka, Yehova, azakoresha ubutware bw’Ubwami bw’Umwana we Yesu Kristo, kugira ngo agaragaze ko ari we ukwiriye kuba umutegetsi w’ikirenga kandi avane igitutsi cyose ku izina rye.​—Ibyahishuwe 12:10; 14:7.

6. Ibyahishuwe bigaragaza bite ikiremwa cyavuganye na Eva gikoresheje inzoka?

⁶ Naho ku bihereranye n’imvugo ngo “inzoka,” mbese yaba yerekezwa ku nzoka nyanzoka? Ashwi da! Ibyahishuwe bitugaragariza ko ikiremwa kibi cy’umwuka ari cyo cyavugaga cyifashishije iyo nzoka. Ni cyo cya “kiyoka kinini, . . . ari cyo ya nzoka ya kera yitwa Umwanzi na Satani, ari cyo kiyobya abari mu isi bose,” kandi ni yo “yohesheje Eva uburyarya bwayo.”​—Ibyahishuwe 12:9; 2 Abakorinto 11:3.

7. Ni iki kigaragaza ko umugore uvugwa mu Itangiriro 3:15 ari uw’ahantu ho mu buryo bw’umwuka?

⁷ Nanone mu Itangiriro 3:15 havugwamo “umugore.” Ese yaba ari Eva? Wenda yaba yaratekereje atyo. (Gereranya n’Itangiriro 4:1.) Ariko kandi, ntibyashobotse ko urwango rwagombaga kumara igihe kirekire hagati ya Eva na Satani rukomeza kubaho, kuko Eva yapfuye, ubu hakaba hashize imyaka irenga 5.000. Byongeye kandi, ubwo Inzoka Yehova yavuganye na yo yari ikiremwa cy’umwuka kitaboneka, birakwiriye gutekereza ko umugore na we ari uwo ahantu ho mu buryo bw’umwuka. Mu Byahishuwe 12:1, 2 harabyemeza, hakagaragaza ko uwo mugore w’ikigereranyo ari umuteguro wo mu ijuru wa Yehova ugizwe n’ibiremwa by’umwuka.​—Reba nanone Yesaya 54:1, 5, 13.

Imbyaro ebyiri zishyamiranye

8. Kuki twagombye gushishikazwa cyane n’ibivugwa ku mbyaro ebyiri?

⁸ Nanone mu Itangiriro 3:15 hagaragazwa imbyaro ebyiri. Ibyo byagombye kudushishikaza cyane, kubera ko izo mbyaro zifitanye isano rya bugufi n’ikibazo gikomeye kirebana n’ubutegetsi bw’ikirenga bukwiriye kuyobora isi. Icyo kibazo kireba buri wese muri twe, yaba muto cyangwa mukuru. Ni uruhe rubyaro ushyigikiye muri izo zombi?

9. Mu rubyaro rw’Inzoka hakubiyemo na ba nde nta gushidikanya?

⁹ Mbere na mbere hari urubyaro rw’Inzoka. Urwo rubyaro ni uruhe? Nta gushidikanya ko muri urwo rubyaro harimo n’ibindi biremwa by’umwuka byifatanyije na Satani mu kwigomeka kwe hanyuma bikaza ‘kujugunyanwa na we’ ahahereranye n’isi (Ibyahishuwe 12:9). Kubera ko Satani, cyangwa Belizebuli, ari “umukuru w’abadayimoni,” biragaragara ko ibyo biremwa bigize umuteguro we utaboneka.​—Mariko 3:22; Abefeso 6:12.

10. Ni gute Bibiliya igaragaza abandi bantu bari mu bagize urubyaro rwa Satani?

¹⁰ Ikindi kandi, Yesu yabwiye abayobozi b’idini rya kiyahudi bo mu gihe cye ati “mukomoka kuri so Satani, kandi ibyo so ararikira ni byo namwe mushaka gukora” (Yohana 8: 44). Kuba abo bayobozi bidini bararwanyije Umwana w’Imana Yesu, byagaragaje ko na bo bari urubyaro rwa Satani. Bari mu bagize urubyaro rwa Satani bamukorera nkaho ari se mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo. Mu mateka hagiye habonekamo n’abandi bantu benshi na bo bigaragaje ko bakorera Satani, cyane cyane nk’igihe babaga barwanya abigishwa ba Yesu bakanabatoteza. Abo bantu bose muri rusange, umuntu yavuga ko bagize umuteguro ugaragara wa Satani ku isi.​—Reba Yohana 15:20; 16:33; 17:15.

Uko urubyaro rw’umugore rwamenyekanye

11. Mu binyejana byinshi, Imana yagiye ihishura iki ku bihereranye n’urubyaro rw’umugore?

¹¹ Nanone kandi, ubuhanuzi bwo mu Itangiriro 3:15 buvuga iby’urubyaro rw’umugore. Mu gihe Satani yakomezaga kwagura urubyaro rwe, Yehova we yateguraga “umugore we,” cyangwa umuteguro we wo mu ijuru ugereranywa n’umugore, kugira ngo wibaruke urubyaro. Mu gihe cyimyaka igera ku 4.000, abumvira Yehova bakanamutinya yagiye abahishurira ibyo kuza k’urwo rubyaro (Yesaya 46:9, 10). Ibyo byatumye Aburahamu, Isaka, Yakobo n’abandi, bizera isezerano ry’urwo rubyaro rwari kuzakomoka mu muryango wabo (Itangiriro 22:15-18; 26:4; 28:14). Satani n’abayoboke be bagiye batoteza kenshi abagaragu ba Yehova nk’abo bagaragaje ko bafite ukwizera kutajegajega.​—Abaheburayo 11:1, 2, 32-38.

12. (a) Ni ryari uw’ingenzi mu bagize urubyaro rw’umugore yaje kandi habaye iki cyagaragaje ukuza kwe? (b) Yesu yasizwe ku bw’uwuhe mugambi?

¹² Hanyuma mu mwaka wa 29, umuntu utunganye, ari we Yesu, yagiye ku ruzi rwa Yorodani maze arabatizwa. Aho kuri Yorodani, Yehova yabyaye Yesu binyuze ku mwuka wera, maze aravuga ati “nguyu Umwana wanjye nkunda nkamwishimira” (Matayo 3:17). Aho ni ho Yesu yagaragajwe ko ari we wari waroherejwe avuye mu ijuru mu muteguro w’Imana wo mu buryo bwumwuka. Nanone Yesu yasigiwe kuzaba Umwami w’Ubwami bwo mu ijuru wagombaga kugarura ku isi ubutegetsi buyobora mu izina rya Yehova, bityo agakemura burundu ikibazo cy’ubutegetsi cyangwa ubutware bw’ikirenga (Ibyahishuwe 11:15). Bityo rero, Yesu ni we w’ingenzi mu bagize urubyaro rw’umugore, akaba ari na we Mesiya wavuzwe mu buhanuzi.​—Gereranya n’Abagalatiya 3:16; Daniyeli 9:25.

13, 14. (a) Kuki tutagomba gutangazwa n’uko urubyaro rw’umugore rutari kuba umuntu umwe gusa ukomeye? (b) Ni abantu bangahe Imana yatoranyije mu bandi bantu ngo babe igice cya kabiri cy’urubyaro, kandi se bagize umuteguro bwoko ki? (c) Ni ba nde bandi bakorana n’urubyaro mu bumwe?

¹³ Mbese urubyaro rw’umugore rwari kuba umuntu umwe gusa ukomeye? Bimeze bite se ku birebana n’urubyaro rwa Satani? Bibiliya igaragaza ko urubyaro rwa Satani rugizwe n’ingabo z’abamarayika babi hamwe n’abantu basuzuguza Imana. Bityo rero, ntitwagombye gutangazwa no kumenya iby’umugambi w’Imana wo gutoranya abantu b’indahemuka 144.000 mu bandi bantu, kugira ngo bazabe abami n’abatambyi hamwe na Yesu Kristo, ari we rubyaro rwa kimesiya. Ibyo ni byo Ibyahishuwe byerekezaho iyo bivuga ko Satani, abitewe n’urwango afitiye umuteguro cyangwa umugore w’Imana, ‘yagiye kurwanya abo mu rubyaro rwe basigaye.’​—Ibyahishuwe 12:17; 14:1-4.

¹⁴ Muri Bibiliya, abo Bakristo basizwe bitwa abavandimwe ba Yesu, bityo bakaba basangiye Se na nyina (Abaheburayo 2:11). Yehova Imana ni we ubabereye Se. Ku bw’ibyo rero, nyina agomba kuba ari ‘umugore’ w’Imana, ni ukuvuga umuteguro wayo wo mu ijuru ugereranywa n’umugore. Abo baba ari igice cya kabiri mu bice bigize urubyaro, Kristo Yesu akaba ari we gice cy’ibanze. Itorero ry’abo Bakristo babyawe n’umwuka hano ku isi, ni ryo muteguro ugaragara w’Imana uyoborwa n’umuteguro wo mu ijuru ugereranywa n’umugore, aho bazifatanya na Kristo Yesu bazutse (Abaroma 8: 14-17; Abagalatiya 3:16, 29). Nubwo abagize izindi ntama babarirwa muri za miriyoni bo mu mahanga yose batari mu bice bigize urubyaro, bahurizwa hamwe kugira ngo bakorere Imana bafatanyije n’umuteguro wayo ku isi. Ese wowe waba uri umwe mu bagize izo ntama zindi? Niba ari ko bimeze, ibyiringiro byawe bishimishije ni ibyo kuzabaho iteka muri paradizo ku isi.​—Yohana 10:16; 17:1-3.

Uko urwango rwaje gukomera

15. (a) Vuga uko urubyaro rwa Satani rwagutse mu bantu no mu bamarayika. (b) Ni iki cyabaye ku rubyaro rwa Satani igihe cy’Umwuzure wo mu minsi ya Nowa?

¹⁵ Abantu bagize urubyaro rwa Satani batangiye kwigaragaza kuva mu ntangiriro y’amateka y’abantu. Urugero, hari Kayini wavutse mbere mu bana b’abantu, “wari uw’Umubi, akica murumuna we” Abeli (1 Yohana 3:12). Nyuma yaho, Enoki yavuze ibyo kuza kwa Yehova ‘azanye n’inzovu nyinshi z’abera be, kugira ngo agirire bose ibihura n’amateka baciriweho, no kwemeza abatubaha Imana bose ukuri kw’imirimo yose yo kutubaha Imana bakoze batubaha Imana, n’amagambo yose akomeye abanyabyaha batubaha Imana bayitutse’ (Yuda 14, 15). Ikindi kandi, abamarayika bagomye bifatanyije na Satani maze baba igice kimwe cy’urubyaro rwe. Abo bamarayika baretse ubuturo bwabo mu ijuru kugira ngo bambare umubiri w’abantu maze barongore abakobwa babantu. Babyaye ubwoko bw’abantu b’ibyimanyi bafite ububasha ndengakamere kandi b’abanyarugomo. Isi y’icyo gihe yari yuzuye urugomo n’ububi, bituma Imana iyirimbuza Umwuzure, maze harokoka umuntu w’indahemuka Nowa n’umuryango we bonyine. Ba bamarayika batumviye, bari barahindutse abadayimoni bayoborwa na Satani, byabaye ngombwa ko bata abagore n’abana babo b’ibyimanyi bagombaga kurimbuka. Biyambuye imibiri y’abantu bisubirira mu buturo bwo mu buryo bw’umwuka, aho bategereje isohozwa ry’urubanza rwegereje cyane Imana yaciriye Satani n’urubyaro rwe.​—Yuda 6; Itangiriro 6:4-12; 7:21-23; 2 Petero 2:4, 5.

16. (a) Ni uwuhe mutegetsi w’igitugu wadutse nyuma y’umwuzure, kandi se ni gute yagaragaje ko yari uwo mu rubyaro rwa Satani? (b) Ni gute Imana yaburijemo umugambi w’abubatsi b’umunara wa Babeli?

¹⁶ Nyuma gato y’Umwuzure ukomeye, ku isi hadutse umutegetsi w’igitugu witwaga Nimurodi. Bibiliya igaragaza ko yari ‘umuhigi w’umunyamaboko warwanyaga Yehova,’ akaba ari umwe mu bagize urubyaro rwa Satani by’ukuri. Kimwe na Satani, yaranzwe n’umwuka wo kwigomeka maze yubaka umudugudu wa Babeli, cyangwa Babuloni, atitaye ku mugambi wa Yehova w’uko abantu bagombaga gukwira ku isi bakayuzura. Ikintu cy’akarusho cya Babuloni cyari umunara muremure ‘ugera ku ijuru.’ Imana yaburijemo umugambi w’abubatsi b’uwo munara. Yahinduye ururimi rwabo ruvamo nyinshi maze ‘abatatanyiriza gukwira mu isi yose,’ ariko Babuloni yo arayireka igumaho.​—Itangiriro 9:1; 10:8-12 gereranya na NW; 11:1-9.

Uko ubutegetsi bwa gipolitiki bw’ibihangange bwadutse

17. Uko abantu bagendaga biyongera, ni ikihe gice cyononekaye cyadutse mu bantu, kandi se ibyo byatumye habaho ubuhe bwami bugari?

¹⁷ I Babuloni hadutse ibice bigize umuryango wa kimuntu byagiye byaguka, ari na ko birwanya ubutegetsi bw’ikirenga bwa Yehova. Kimwe muri ibyo bice ni gahunda ya gipolitiki. Uko abantu bagendaga biyongera, hari abandi bantu bari bafite irari ryo gutegeka bakurikije urugero rwa Nimurodi maze biha ubutegetsi. Nuko umuntu atangira kugira ububasha ku wundi bwo kumugirira nabi (Umubwiriza 8:9). Urugero, mu gihe cya Aburahamu, Sodomu na Gomora n’indi midugudu yaho hafi yigaruriwe n’abami b’i Shinari n’ab’ibindi bihugu bya kure (Itangiriro 14:14). Amaherezo, abantu b’abahanga mu bya gisirikare no gushyira ibintu kuri gahunda bihangiye ubwami bugari bagamije kwibonera ubutunzi n’icyubahiro. Bibiliya ivuga bumwe muri ubwo bwami, harimo Egiputa, Ashuri, Ubwami bw’Abamedi n’Abaperesi, Ubugiriki na Roma.

18. (a) Ni iyihe myifatire abagaragu b’Imana bagira ku bategetsi ba gipolitiki? (b) Ni gute rimwe na rimwe abategetsi ba gipolitiki bagiye bakorera Imana? (c) Ni gute abayobozi ba gipolitiki benshi bagaragaje ko ari abo mu rubyaro rw’Inzoka?

¹⁸ Yehova yihanganiye ukubaho k’ubwo butegetsi bwa gipolitiki bw’ibihangange kandi abagaragu be bagiye babugandukira mu rugero runaka igihe cyose babaga batuye mu bihugu byayoborwaga na bwo (Abaroma 13:1, 2). Hari nubwo ndetse ubutegetsi bwa gipolitiki bwagiraga uruhare mu gusohoza imigambi y’Imana cyangwa bukarinda ubwoko bwayo (Ezira 1:1-4; 7:12-26; Ibyakozwe 25:11, 12; Ibyahishuwe 12:15, 16). Ariko kandi, abayobozi ba gipolitiki benshi barwanyije cyane ugusenga k’ukuri, bityo bagaragaza ko ari abo mu rubyaro rw’Inzoka.​—1 Yohana 5:19.

19. Ni gute ubutegetsi bw’ibihangange bw’isi buvugwa mu Byahishuwe?

¹⁹ Muri rusange, ubutegetsi bw’abantu bwananiwe mu buryo bubabaje kuzanira abantu ibyishimo cyangwa gukemura ibibazo byabo. Yehova yararetse abantu bagerageza gushyiraho ubutegetsi bw’uburyo bwose, ariko ntiyemera imikorere mibi cyangwa ukuntu za leta zagiye zitegeka abantu nabi (Imigani 22:22, 23). Ibyahishuwe bivuga ko ubutegetsi bw’isi bw’ibihangange butwaza igitugu ari inyamaswa ifite ubwibone kandi iteye ukwayo.​—Ibyahishuwe 13:1, 2.

Abacuruzi b’abanyamururumba

20, 21. Ni irihe tsinda rya kabiri rigomba kubarirwa mu ‘batware b’ingabo’ n’‘ab’ubushobozi’ bo mu rubyaro rubi rwa Satani, kandi kuki?

²⁰ Haje kwaduka abandi bantu bifatanya cyane n’abayobozi ba gipolitiki, ari bo bacuruzi b’abahemu. Inyandiko zataburuwe mu matongo ya Babuloni ya kera, zigaragaza ko muri icyo gihe ubucuruzi buvana indonke muri rubanda bwuririye ku mimerere mibi barimo yari yogeye. Kugeza n’ubu, abacuruzi b’iyi si bakomeje gukora bagamije kuronka inyungu zishingiye ku bwikunde, mu gihe mu bihugu byinshi abantu bake cyane bagenda barushaho gukira cyane, naho rubanda nyamwinshi bakazaharira mu bukene. Muri ibi bihe by’iterambere mu by’inganda, abacuruzi n’abanyenganda baboneye inyungu nyinshi mu kugemurira abayobozi ba gipolitiki umurundo w’intwaro zirimbura mu buryo bwa kidayimoni, harimo n’ibitwaro bishobora koreka imbaga bihangayikishije cyane. Abo baherwe b’abanyamururumba hamwe n’abandi bantu nk’abo, bagomba kubarirwa mu batware b’‘ingabo’ n’‘ab’ubushobozi’ bo mu rubyaro rubi rwa Satani. Bose bari mu muteguro wo ku isi, uwo Imana na Kristo babona ko ukwiriye kurimbuka.​—Ibyahishuwe 19:18.

²¹ Ku banyapolitiki bononekaye no ku bacuruzi b’abanyamururumba, hagomba kwiyongeraho igice cya gatatu cy’umuryango w’abantu ukwiriye gucirwaho iteka n’Imana. Icyo gice ni ikihe? Ushobora gutangazwa n’icyo Ibyahishuwe bivuga kuri uwo muteguro uzwi neza ku isi hose.

Babuloni Ikomeye

22. Idini ryavutse muri Babuloni ya kera ryari bwoko ki?

²² Kubaka Babuloni ya kera ntibyari umushinga wa gipolitiki gusa. Kuba uwo mudugudu warubatswe hirengagijwe ubutegetsi bw’ikirenga bwa Yehova, idini ryari ribifitemo uruhare. Mu by’ukuri, Babuloni ya kera yaje kuba inkomoko yo gusenga ibigirwamana bya kidini. Abatambyi bo muri yo bigishaga inyigisho zisuzuguza Imana, urugero nk’ivuga ko iyo umuntu apfuye ubugingo bwe bukomeza kubaho, kandi ko aho ubwo bugingo bujya ari ahantu hateye ubwoba ho kubabarizwa iteka, hategekwa n’abadayimoni. Bateje imbere ibyo gusenga ibyaremwe hamwe n’imana nyinshi. Bahanze imigani y’imihimbano kugira ngo basobanure inkomoko y’isi n’abantu bayituyeho, bakora ibikorwa by’akahebwe by’imihango no gutamba ibitambo, bumva ko ngo ibyo bituma habaho kororoka kw’abantu, kurumbuka kw’imyaka no gutsinda mu ntambara.

23. (a) Abantu batatanye bava i Babuloni bajyanye iki, kandi se ibyo byagize izihe ngaruka? (b) Ni irihe zina Ibyahishuwe biha ubutware bw’isi yose bw’idini ry’ikinyoma? (c) Ni iki idini ry’ikinyoma ryarwanyije kuva kera kose?

²³ Igihe udutsiko tw’abantu bavugaga indimi zitandukanye bavaga i Babuloni bagatatanira gukwira ku isi hose, bajyanye idini ry’i Babuloni. Uko ni ko imihango n’imyizerere isa n’iyi Babuloni ya kera yashinze imizi mu babanje gutura mu Burayi, muri Afurika, muri Amerika mu Burasirazuba bwa Kure no mu Nyanja z’Amajyepfo, kandi imyinshi muri iyo myizerere yagumyeho kugeza n’ubu. Birakwiriye rero kuba Ibyahishuwe bivuga ko ubutware bw’isi yose bw’idini ry’ikinyoma ari umudugudu witwa Babuloni Ikomeye (Ibyahishuwe igice cya 17, 18). Aho idini ry’ikinyoma ryabibwe hose, ryeze ubutambyi bw’igitugu, imiziririzo, ubujiji n’ubwiyandarike. Ryabaye igikoresho gikomeye cya Satani. Kuva kera kose, Babuloni Ikomeye yarwanyije ugusenga k’ukuri k’Umwami n’Umutegetsi w’Ikirenga Yehova, ibigiranye ubukana bwinshi.

24. (a) Ni gute Inzoka yashoboye gukomeretsa Urubyaro rw’umugore ku ‘gatsinsino’? (b) Kuki gukomeretsa urubyaro rw’umugore byiswe igikomere cyo ku gatsinsino gusa?

²⁴ Abo mu gice cy’urubyaro rw’Inzoka bariho urubanza kurusha abandi, ni abanditsi n’Abafarisayo bafashe iya mbere mu kinyejana cya mbere mu gutoteza uw’ingenzi mu rubyaro rw’umugore, hanyuma bakanamwica. Uko ni ko Inzoka yashoboye ‘gukomeretsa urubyaro ku gatsinsino’ (Itangiriro 3:15; Yohana 8:39-44; Ibyakozwe 3:12, 15). Kuki ibyo byiswe igikomere cyo ku gatsinsino gusa? Ni ukubera ko uko gukomeretswa byabayeho mu gihe gito gusa hano ku isi. Ntibyabaye mu buryo buhoraho, kuko Yehova yazuye Yesu ku munsi wa gatatu, hanyuma akamujyana mu buzima bwo mu buryo bw’umwuka.​—Ibyakozwe 2:32, 33; 1 Petero 3:18.

25. (a) Ni gute Yesu wahawe ikuzo yahagurukiye Satani n’abamarayika be? (b) Ni ryari urubyaro rwo ku isi rwa Satani ruzakurwaho? (c) Igihe urubyaro rw’umugore w’Imana ruzakomeretsa “umutwe” wa Satani, ari we ya Nzoka, bizaba bisobanura iki?

²⁵ Yesu Kristo wahawe ikuzo ubu arakorera iburyo bw’Imana acira imanza abanzi ba Yehova. Yahagurukiye Satani n’abamarayika be, abahanantura mu ijuru maze abacira ahahereranye n’isi, akaba ari na yo mpamvu ibyago byiyongera muri iki gihe (Ibyahishuwe 12:9, 12). Ariko nk’uko byahanuwe, urubyaro rwo ku isi rwa Satani ruzakurwaho igihe Imana izasohoreza urubanza kuri Babuloni Ikomeye n’ibindi bice byose bigize umuteguro wa Satani wo ku isi. Amaherezo, Yesu Kristo, we Rubyaro rw’umugore wImana, azakomeretsa Satani “umutwe,” ari we ya Nzoka ya kera ifite uburiganya, kandi kuri we bizaba kurimbuka burundu no kutazongera na rimwe kugira uruhare mu bikorwa by’abantu.​—Abaroma 16:20.

26. Kuki ari iby’ingenzi cyane kuri twe gusuzuma ubuhanuzi bwo mu Byahishuwe?

²⁶ Ni gute ibyo byose bizasohora? Ibyo ni byo duhishurirwa mu gitabo cya Bibiliya cy’Ibyahishuwe. Tubihishurirwa mu iyerekwa ry’uruhererekane rigizwe n’ibimenyetso bitangaje. Nimucyo dusuzume ubwo buhanuzi bukomeye tubishishikariye. Turahirwa rwose niba twumva kandi tukitondera amagambo yo mu Byahishuwe! Nitubigenza dutyo, tuzaba twifatanya mu guhesha icyubahiro izina ry’Umwami n’Umutegetsi w’Ikirenga Yehova, kandi tuzaragwa imigisha ye y’iteka ryose. Turagusaba gukomeza gusoma no gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo umenye ubigiranye ubwenge. Ibyo bishobora kuzaguhesha agakiza muri iki gihe cy’indunduro mu mateka y’abantu.

[Agasanduku/​Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 13]

Inyandiko ya kera y’iby’ubucuruzi imeze nk’udusumari

Hari igitabo gikubiyemo amategeko agera kuri 300 yakusanyijwe na Hammourabi mu gihe cya Babuloni (Ancient Near Eastern Texts, cyanditswe na James B. Pritchard). Ayo mategeko agaragaza ko byari ngombwa guca ubuhemu bukabije, uko bigaragara bwari bwiganje cyane mu by’ubucuruzi icyo gihe. Dore urugero: “nihagira umutware ugura cyangwa akaragizwa n’umwana w’umutware cyangwa imbata ye ifeza, izahabu, imbata, umuja, inka, intama, indogobe, cyangwa ikindi kintu icyo ari cyo cyose nta bagabo cyangwa amasezerano, uwo mutware azaba ari umujura, azicwe.”