Ese wari ubizi?
Uretse vino, ni ibihe binyobwa bindi bisindisha byengwaga mu bihe bya Bibiliya?
▪ Incuro nyinshi, muri Bibiliya amagambo ngo “vino cyangwa igisindisha” akoreshwa ari kumwe (Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 14:26; Luka 1:15) Ibinyobwa bisindisha byakorwaga mu mbuto z’imizabibu, imikindo, imitini, imitapuwa, amakomamanga no mu buki.
Ijambo “igisindisha” rishobora nanone gusobanura kimwe n’inzoga. Ijambo ry’Igiheburayo ryahinduwemo “igisindisha” rifitanye isano n’ijambo ryo mu rurimi rw’Abakadi risobanura inzoga yakorwaga mu ngano za sayiri, yari izwi cyane muri Mesopotamiya. Icyo kinyobwa nticyasindishaga cyane, ariko iyo umuntu yakinywaga akarenza urugero cyaramusindishaga (Imigani 20:1). Hari ibibumbano bishushanyijeho inzengero n’amashusho agaragaza abenzi, byavumbuwe mu mva za kera zo mu Misiri. Abantu b’i Babuloni banywaga inzoga cyane, haba i bwami cyangwa mu ngo z’abakene. Abafilisitiya na bo bakundaga inzoga. Mu duce dutandukanye twa Palesitina, abahanga mu bushakashatsi bw’ibyataburuwe mu matongo bataburuye utubindi tumeze nk’uducuma. Utwo tubindi twabaga dufite utuyunguruzo twatumaga abanywi banywa inzoga iyunguruye, dore ko izo nzoga zabaga zenze mu ngano za sayiri.
Kuki mu gihe cy’intumwa Pawulo, gukora urugendo rwo mu bwato mu bihe bimwe na bimwe by’umwaka byari biteje akaga?
▪ Ubwato intumwa Pawulo yarimo bwamaze igihe kinini bugerageza kwerekeza mu Burengerazuba bugenda bukikije Aziya Ntoya, kubera imiyaga ikaze. Bibiliya ivuga ko hari ahantu bageze, maze “kunyura mu nyanja bikaba byarashoboraga guteza akaga, kuko n’igihe cyo kwiyiriza ubusa cy’umunsi w’impongano cyari cyararangiye.” Pawulo yabwiye bagenzi be bari mu bwato ko gukomeza urugendo byari gutuma hangirika byinshi, ‘atari imizigo n’ubwato gusa, ahubwo n’ubugingo bwabo na bwo.’—Ibyakozwe 27:4-10.
Igihe cyo kwiyiriza ubusa cy’Umunsi w’Impongano cyabaga mu mpera z’ukwezi kwa Nzeri cyangwa mu ntangiriro z’Ukwakira. Abasare b’Abaroma bari bazi ko muri rusange gukora ingendo hagati y’itariki ya 27 Gicurasi n’iya 14 Nzeri, nta kibazo byatezaga. Gukora ingendo hagati y’itariki ya 14 Nzeri na 11 Ugushyingo ntibyari byiza, kandi muri rusange nta ngendo zakorwaga mu nyanja kuva ku itariki ya 11 Ugushyingo kugeza ku ya 10 Werurwe. Dukurikije ibyabaye kuri Pawulo, imwe mu mpamvu yabiteraga ni uko icyo gihe ikirere cyabaga kitameze neza (Ibyakozwe 27:13-44). Icyo gihe, abasare babaga bashobora guhura n’umuyaga w’ishuheri ukaze, ku buryo kuyobora ubwato byashoboraga kubagora cyane. Ibicu byarabakingirizaga bigatuma ku manywa batabona izuba, kandi nijoro ntibabone inyenyeri. Ibihu n’imvura na byo byatumaga batareba neza, ku buryo batabonaga ibintu byashoboraga kubateza impanuka.
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 23]
Igishushanyo kibajwe cyerekana amacupa abanyamisiri banyweragamo inzoga
[Aho ifoto yavuye]
Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 23]
Ubwato bw’abaroma butwara imizigo bwo hagati y’umwaka wa 100 n’uwa 200
[Aho ifoto yavuye]
Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.