Bahumushi Lababili Lababuyisela Ligama LaNkulunkulu EThestamentini Lelisha

Lomunye wemithantazo wekucala bantfu labanyenti labawufundzako ngumthantazo weNkhosi, loyo Jesu lawufundzisa balandzeli bakhe. Lomthantazo utfolakala kuloko lamuhla lokwatiwa ngekutsi liThestamante Lelisha. Lomthantazo ucala ngemavi latsi: “Babe wetfu losemazulwini, alingcweliswe libito lakho.” (Matewu 6:9) Nobe kunjalo, ligama laNkulunkulu, ngesiNgisi lelatiwa ngekutsi “Jehovah” nobe “Yahweh,” alikavami kutfolakala emahumushweni lamanyenti esiNgisi eliThestamente Lelisha. Lokumangalisako kutsi lamahumusho ayawafaka emagama abonkulunkulu bemanga labanjengaZeyusi, Hemesi kanye na-Athemisi. Ngako, akukafaneli yini balifake neligama laNkulunkulu weliciniso longumBhali weliBhayibheli?—Imisebenti 14:12; 19:35; 2 KuThimothi 3:16.

Bahumushi beliBhayibheli lesiNgisi boLancelot Shadwell naFrederick Parker bebakholela kutsi ligama laNkulunkulu bekufanele libuyiselwe eThestamentini Lelisha. Yini leyabenta basebentisa ligama lelitsi “libuyiselwe?” Kungobe labahumushi baphetsa ngekutsi ligama laNkulunkulu belikhona emiBhalweni yekucala, kodvwa labese liyakhishwa. Yini leyabenta bafika kulesiphetfo?

BoShadwell naParker bebati kutsi ligama laNkulunkulu belivela tikhatsi letinyenti emiBhalweni yesandla, lamuhla leyatiwa ngekutsi liThestamente Lelidzala, futsi lebeyibhalwe ngesiHebheru. Ngako, batibuta kutsi yini leyenta imiBhalo yesandla yeliThestamente Lelisha lebebanayo ingalifaki ligama laNkulunkulu.a Lokunye Shadwell lakunaka kutsi kubonakala shengatsi nangabe imiBhalo yesandla yeliThestamente Lelisha isebentisa emagama lavamile eliThestamente Lelidzala, lanjengalatsi “ingilosi yaJehova,” bakopishi beliThestamente Lelisha lesiGriki bebafaka ligama lelitsi Kyʹri·os, lelisho kutsi “Nkhosi” esikhundleni seligama laNkulunkulu.—2 Emakhosi 1:3, 15; Imisebenti 12:23.

Ngisho nangembikwekutsi boShadwell naParker bashicilele emahumusho emaBhayibheli abo esiNgisi, labanye bahumushi besebavele balibuyisele ligama laNkulunkulu emahumushweni abo esiNgisi eliThestamente Lelisha, kodvwa loko bebakwente etindzaweni letimbalwa.b Ngembikwa-1863, ngesikhatsi Parker ashicilela i-Literal Translation of the New Testament, kute umhumushi weliBhayibheli lesiNgisi lebekatiwa ngekutsi ubuyisele ligama laNkulunkulu tikhatsi letinyenti eThestamentini Lelisha. Bebabobani boLancelot Shadwell naFrederick Parker?

Lancelot Shadwell

Lancelot Shadwell (1808-1861) bekangummeli futsi ayindvodzana yaSir Lancelot Shadwell, lobekasesikhundleni lesihlonishwako eNgilandi. Lancelot Shadwell bekalilunga leliSontfo LaseNgilandi. Ngisho nobe bekakholelwa emfundzisweni yaMtsatfu Amunye, bekalihlonipha ligama laNkulunkulu, alibita ngekutsi “ligama laJEHOVA lelikhatimulako.” Ehumushweni lakhe, EVangelini laMatewu nelaMakho, wasebentisa ligama ‘laJehova’ tikhatsi letingu-28 emavesini, futsi walisebentisa tikhatsi letingu-465 emibhalweni lengemuva lechaza kabanti.

Kungenteka Shadwell wafundza ngeligama laNkulunkulu nakalibona eThestamentini Lelidzala lemiBhalo yekucala yesiHebheru. Watsi labo labafaka ligama lelitsi Kyʹri·os esikhundleni seligama laNkulunkulu ehumushweni lesiGriki leliThestamente Lelidzala, “bebabahumushi labangaketsembeki.”

The Gospel according to Matthew rendered into English with notes, by L. Shadwell (1859), provided by the Bodleian Libraries. Licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 UK. Modified: Text highlighted

Ehumushweni lakhe, Shadwell wasebentisa ligama lelitsi “Jehova” kwekucala kuMatewu 1:20. Embhalweni lochaza lelivesi watsi: “Ligama lelitsi [Kyʹri·os] kulelivesi nakulamanye eThestamentini Lelisha, lisho kutsi JEHOVA, lokuligama laNkulunkulu: futsi kubaluleke kakhulu kutsi leligama libuyisele ehumushweni lesiNgisi.” Waphindze watsi: “Kuze sikhombise kutsi siyamhlonipha Nkulunkulu kufanele silibuyisele. Utibita ngekutsi nguJEHOVA: futsi ayikho lenye indlela lencono yekumbita ngaphandle kwekusebentisa ligama lakhe.” Wabese utsi: “EBhayibhelini le-King James Version ligama laJehova litfolakala tikhatsi letimbalwa kakhulu . . . Esikhundleni salo, sitfola ligama lelitsi, Nkhosi.” Shadwell utsi: “Ligama lelitsi Nkhosi . . . alisilo ligama lelifanelakako” kutsi singafaka lona esikhundleni seligama laNkulunkulu. Wengeta watsi ngisho nasendzaweni yangakubo, yena ubitwa ngekutsi “Nkhosi.”

Shadwell washicilela lihumusho laMatewu nga-1859 futsi washicilela lihumusho laMatewu leselihlanganiswe nelaMakho nga-1861. Nobe kunjalo, umsebenti wakhe wabese uyaphela. Washona ngaJanuary 11, 1861, aneminyaka lengu-52, kodvwa umsebenti wakhe bewungasilo lite.

Frederick Parker

Lihumusho laShadwell lencwadzi yaMatewu lanakwa ngusomabhizinisi lonjingile waseLondon lokutsiwa nguFrederick Parker (1804-1888) lobekafuna kuhumusha liThestamenti Lelisha nakaneminyaka lengu-20. Ngalokungafani naShadwell, Parker bekangakholelwa emfundzisweni yaMtsatfu Amunye. Wabhala: “[Shengatsi] lonkhe libandla leNdvodzana [yaNkulunkulu] letsandzekako . . . lingemukela liciniso ngenhlitiyo yonkhe . . . futsi likhonte Jehova longuSomandla.” Parker wabona shengatsi imiBhalo yesandla yeliThestamente Lelisha lesebentisa ligama lelitsi Kyʹri·os nayikhuluma ngaNkulunkulu nangaJesu, yenta bantfu bangawucondzi umehluko emkhatsini walabantfu lababili. Ngako, wajabula kakhulu nakabona kutsi Shadwell bekahumushe ligama lelitsi Kyʹri·os ngekutsi “Jehova” kuletinye tindzawo.

Parker bekakwatela kuphi konkhe loku? Bekafundze siGriki futsi wabhala netincwadzi letinyenti kanye nemapheshana lamayelana nelulwimi lwesiGriki. Bekaphindze alilunga le-Anglo-Biblical Institute, lebeyinake kakhulu kucwaninga imibhalo yeliBhayibheli yesandla kuze kushicilelwe liBhayibheli lesiNgisi lelincono. Nga-1842, Parker wacala kushicilela tincenye telihumusho lakhe lekucala leliThestamente Lelisha.c

Imetamo YaParker Yekubuyisela Ligama LaNkulunkulu

Kwaphela iminyaka Parker abhala timphendvulo temibuto lenjengaletsi: “Kunini lapho Kyʹri·os abhekisela kuJesu, futsi kunini lapho khona abhekisela kuNkulunkulu?” “Yini leyenta kutsi esikhatsini lesinyenti Kyʹri·os asetjentiswe njengeligama, hhayi njengesicu?”

Ngako, ngesikhatsi Parker abona lihumusho laShadwell langa-1859 lencwadzi yaMatewu, kanye nendlela lachaza ngayo ligama lelitsi Kyʹri·os, waciniseka kutsi kuletinye tindzawo, leligama “kufanele lihunyushwe ngekutsi Jehova.” Ngako, wabuyeketa lonkhe lihumusho lakhe leliThestamente Lelisha, wafaka ligama lelitsi “Jehova” lapho bekakholelwa kutsi kukhulunywa ngaJehova khona, nobe lapho khona lulwimi lwesiGriki libhekisela kuJehova. Ngaleyondlela, lihumusho laParker langa-1863 le-Literal Translation of the New Testament belisebentise ligama laNkulunkulu tikhatsi letingu-187. Kwatiwa kutsi leli lihumusho lekucala lesiNgisi lelasebentisa ligama laNkulunkulu kuyo yonkhe imiBhalo YemaKhristu YesiGriki.d

Nga-1864, Parker wakhulula liBhayibheli lelihlanganisa emahumusho lamabili lelibitwa ngekutsi yi-Collation of an English Version of the New Testament . . . With the Authorized English Version. Sizatfu lesamenta wahlanganisa lamahumusho lamabili eliThestamente Lelisha kutsi bekafuna kubonakale kutsi umehluko ukuphi emkhatsini walamahumusho lamabili.e

Kuze achaze kubaluleka kwekubuyisela ligama laNkulunkulu, Parker wakhuluma ngemavesi lambalwa laku-King James Version, lafaka ekhatsi KubaseRoma 10:13, lotsi: “Wonkhe umuntfu lotibika abite libito leNkhosi, uyawusindziswa.” Wase uphakamisa nangu umbuto: “[Ngubani] locondzako kutsi nguJehova lokukhulunywa ngaye kulamavesi, hhayi iNdvodzana lenguJesu Khristu iNkhosi yetfu?”

Parker wasebentisa imali letinkhulungwane tema-pounds, lobekuyimali lenyenti ngaleso sikhatsi, kuze ashicilele futsi akhangise ngemapheshana akhe kanye naletinye tintfo lebekatibhalile. Ecinisweni, ngemnyaka munye nje kuphela, wasebentisa imali lengu-800 pounds, lokuyimali lelingana na-100 000 wema-pounds aseBrithani ($132,000 U.S.) lamuhla. Watfumela emakhophi lamanyenti etincwadzi takhe kubantfu lebekabati kanye nakubafundzisi labasetikhundleni letisetulu kuze bawahlole.

Letinye tati tahlekisa ngetincwadzi taParker kanye nelihumusho lakhe leliThestamente Lelisha, lobekunemakhophi lambalwa kakhulu. Ngekwenta njalo, letati tenta bantfu bangayinaki imetamo lecotfo yaParker, Shadwell kanye nalabanye, yekubuyisela ligama laNkulunkulu eThestamentini Lelisha lesiNgisi.

Nawutsandza, ungabukela nayi i-video lenekwatiswa lokunyenti lenemizuzu lengu-10 letsi: Kuvakashela Emsamo Lose-Warwick: “LiBhayibheli Nelibito LaNkulunkulu..”