Ko e Hā ʻOku Tā Ai ʻe he Kakai Tangatá ʻa e Kakai Fefiné?
ʻOKU pehē ʻe he kau mataotao ʻe niʻihi ʻoku ngalingali lahi ange ke tāmateʻi ʻa e kakai fefiné ʻe honau ngaahi hoa tangatá ʻi he fakatahaʻi ʻo e faʻahinga kehe kotoa pē ʻo e kau faihiá. ʻI ha feinga ke fakangata ʻa e hehema ko ia ki hono ngaohikovia ʻa e hoa malí, kuo fakahoko ai ha ngaahi ako lahi. Ko e faʻahinga tangata fēfē ʻokú ne tā hono uaifí? Naʻe fēfē ʻa e taimi ʻo ʻene tupu haké? Naʻá ne anga-fakamālohi lolotonga ʻa e faisoó? ʻOku anga-fēfē ʻa e tali ʻa e tokotaha taá ki he meʻa ʻoku fai ange ki aí?
Ko e meʻa ʻe taha kuo ʻiloʻi ʻe he kau mataotaó ʻoku ʻikai ke tatau ʻa e faʻahinga kotoa ʻoku nau fai ʻa e taá. ʻI he tafaʻaki ʻe taha ʻo e tokotaha taá, ko ha tangata ʻa ia ko ʻene fakamālohí ʻoku tātātaha. ʻOku ʻikai te ne ngāueʻaki ha meʻatau pea ʻoku ʻikai hano lēkooti fekauʻaki mo hano ngaohikovia hono hoá. Kiate ia, ko ha hoko ha fakamālohi ʻoku taʻengali ia pea ʻoku hā ngali ueʻi ia ʻe ha ngaahi tuʻunga ʻātakai ʻi tuʻa. ʻI he tafaʻaki leva ʻe tahá, ko ha tangata ia kuó ne fakatupu ha tōʻonga tuʻumaʻu ʻo e taá. Ko ʻene ngaohikoviá ʻoku hokohoko, pea ʻoku siʻi pe ʻikai meimei ai ha fakaʻilonga ia ʻo ha loto-lavea.
Kae kehe, ko e moʻoniʻi meʻa ko ia ʻo e ʻi ai ʻa e faʻahinga kehekehe ʻo e faʻahinga taá ʻoku ʻikai ʻuhinga ia ai ʻoku ʻikai ke mafatukituki ʻa e founga ia ʻe niʻihi ʻo e taá. Ko e moʻoni, ʻe lava ke fakatupunga lavea ha faʻahinga ngaohikovia fakaesino pē—naʻa mo e mate. Ko ia ai, ko e moʻoniʻi meʻa ko ia ʻa e siʻi ange ʻo e hokohoko ʻa e fakamālohi ʻa ha tangata ʻe tahá pe siʻi ange ʻene lahí ʻi he tokotaha ʻe tahá ʻoku ʻikai ʻai ia ai ke ala fakatonuhiaʻi. ʻOku ʻikai pē ke ʻi ai ha meʻa ia ko ha tā ʻoku “ala tali.” Ko ia ai, ko e hā ʻa e ngaahi meʻa ʻokú ne fakatupunga nai ha tangata ke ne ngaohikovia fakaesino ʻa e fefine naʻá ne fuakava ke tauhi ʻi he toenga ʻo ʻene moʻuí?
Ko e Felāveʻi Fakafāmilí
ʻOku ʻikai ha ofo, ko ha kau tangata tokolahi ʻoku nau fai ʻa e ngaohikovia fakaesinó naʻe ʻohake tonu kinautolu ʻi he ngaahi fāmili ngaohikovia. “Ko e tokolahi taha ʻo e faʻahinga taá naʻe tauhi hake kinautolu ʻi he ‘ngaahi ʻapi ʻoku tau’ fakafāmili,” ko e tohi ia ʻa Michael Groetsch, ʻa ia kuó ne fakamoleki ʻa e hongofuluʻi taʻu laka hake he uá ʻi hono fakatotoloʻi ʻa e ngaohikovia ʻo e hoa malí. “ʻI he tuʻunga ko e fanga kiʻi pēpē mo e fānau īkí, naʻa nau tupu hake ʻi he ngaahi ʻātakai fakaaoao ʻa ia naʻe ‘anga-maheni’ ʻaki ai ʻa e fakamālohi fakaeongo mo fakaesino.” Fakatatau ki he lau ʻa ha mataotao ʻe taha, ko ha tangata ʻa ia ʻoku ʻohake ʻi ha ʻātakai pehē “ʻe lava ke ne maʻu ʻa e fehiʻa ʻa ʻene tamaí ki he kakai fefiné ʻi he muʻaki taimi tonu ʻo e moʻuí. ʻOku ako ai ʻa e tamasiʻí kuo pau maʻu pē ki ha tangata ke ne puleʻi ʻa e kakai fefiné pea ko e founga ke maʻu ai ʻa e pule ko iá ko hono fakailifiaʻi kinautolu, fakamamahiʻi kinautolu pea tuku hifo kinautolu. ʻI he taimi tatau, ʻokú ne ako ko e founga pau pē taha ke maʻu ai ʻa e leleiʻia ʻa ʻene tamaí ko e tōʻonga ʻo hangē pē ko ia ʻoku fai ʻe heʻene tamaí.”
ʻOku fakamaʻalaʻala mai ʻe he Tohitapú ko e ʻulungaanga ʻo ha mātuʻa ʻe lava ke ʻi ai ʻene tākiekina lahi ʻi ha kiʻi tama, ki he lelei pe ki he kovi. (Palovepi 22:6; Kolose 3:21) Ko e moʻoni, ko e ʻātakai fakafāmilí ʻoku ʻikai ke fakatonuhiaʻi ai ha tā ʻa ha tangata, ka ʻe tokoni nai ke fakamatalaʻi ʻa e feituʻu naʻe kamata mei ai ʻa e tupu ʻa ha ʻulungaanga fakamālohi.
Tākiekina Fakasivilaise
ʻI he ngaahi fonua ʻe niʻihi ko hono tā ha fefiné ʻoku vakai ki ai ʻoku ala tali ia, naʻa mo totonu. “Ko e totonu ʻa ha husepāniti ke tā pe fakamanaʻi fakaesino ʻa hono uaifí ko ha tuipau ia ʻoku mātuʻaki tauhi ʻi he ngaahi sōsaieti lahi,” ko e fakamatala ia ʻa ha līpooti ʻa e Ngaahi Puleʻanga Fakatahatahá.
Naʻa mo e ʻi he ngaahi fonua ʻoku ʻikai ala tali ai ʻa e ngaohikovia peheé, ʻoku ohi ʻe he faʻahinga tāutaha tokolahi ha sīpinga ʻulungaanga fakamālohi. Ko e fakakaukau taʻeʻuhinga ʻa e kakai tangata ʻe niʻihi ʻi he fekauʻaki mo e meʻá ni ʻoku fakaʻohovale. Fakatatau ki he Weekly Mail and Guardian ʻa ʻAfilika Tongá, ko ha ako ʻi he Cape Peninsula naʻe ʻiloʻi ai ko e tokolahi taha ʻo e kakai tangata naʻa nau taukaveʻi ʻoku ʻikai te nau ngaohikovia honau ngaahi hoá naʻa nau ongoʻi ko hono taaʻi ha fefiné naʻe ala tali pē ia pea ko e ʻulungaanga peheé ʻoku ʻikai ke hoko ia ko ha fakamālohi.
ʻOku hā mahino, ko ha fakakaukau mioʻi pehē ʻoku faʻa kamata ia ʻi he taimi ʻo e tupu haké. Ko e fakatātaá, ʻi Pilitānia, naʻe fakahaaʻi ai ʻi ha fakatotolo ʻe taha ko e peseti ʻe 75 ʻo e tamaiki tangata taʻu 11 mo e 12 ʻoku nau ongoʻi ʻoku ala tali pē ke taaʻi ʻe ha tangata ha fefine kapau ʻoku fakaʻitaʻi ia.
ʻIkai ha Fakatonuhia ki he Taá
Ko e ngaahi meʻa ʻi ʻolungá ʻe tokoni nai ia ke fakamatalaʻiʻaki ʻa e ngaohikovia ʻo e hoa malí, ka ʻoku ʻikai te nau fakatonuhiaʻi ia. ʻI hono fakahaaʻi mahinó, ko hono tā ha hoa ʻo ha taha ko ha angahala mamafa ia ʻi he ʻafio mai ʻa e ʻOtuá. ʻI heʻene Folofolá, ʻa e Tohitapú, ʻoku tau lau ai: “ʻOku totonu ke . . . ʻofa ʻa e ngaahi husepaniti ki siʻonau ngaahi uaifi, he ko siʻonau sino kinautolu. Ko ia, ʻoku ne ʻofa ki hono uaifi ʻoku ne ʻofa kiate ia. Seuke, ʻanefē ia ʻa e fehiʻa ʻa ha taha ki hono kakano oʻona; kaekehe ʻoku ne fafanga mo tauhi ia, ʻo hangē foki ko e fai ʻa Kalaisi ki he Siasi.”—Efeso 5:28, 29.
Naʻe tomuʻa tala fuoloa ʻe he Tohitapú ʻi he lolotonga ʻa e “ngaahi ʻaho fakaʻosi” ʻo e fokotuʻutuʻu ʻo e ngaahi meʻa ko ení, ko e tokolahi te nau “fai ʻa e ngaohikovia,” ʻo “ʻikai ha ongoʻi ʻofa fakanatula,” mo “anga-fītaʻa.” (2 Timote 3:1-3, The New English Bible) Ko e mafolalahia ʻa e ngaohikovia ʻo e hoa malí ko hono toe fakaʻilongaʻi pē ia ʻe taha ʻoku tau moʻui ʻi he vahaʻa taimi tofu pē ko ia naʻe fakahaaʻi ʻe he kikite ko ení. Ka ko e hā ʻe lava ke fai ke tokoniʻiʻaki ʻa e faʻahinga ʻoku maʻukovia ʻe he ngaohikovia fakaesinó? ʻOku ʻi ai ha ʻamanaki ʻe lava ke liliu ʻe he faʻahinga taá ʻa e ʻalunga ʻo ʻenau tōʻongá?
[Fakamatala ʻi he peesi 5]
“Ko ha tokotaha tā kuó ne ngaohikoviʻi hono uaifí ʻoku ʻikai toe siʻi hifo ia ʻi ha faihia ʻa ha tangata ʻa ia kuó ne tukiʻi ha sola.”—Taimi ʻOku Tā Ai ʻe he Kakai Tangatá ʻa e Kakai Fefiné
[Puha ʻi he peesi 6]
Fakamālohi ʻi he Fāmilí—Ko ha Palopalema ʻi Māmani Lahi
Ko e kakai tangata pōlepole ʻoku nau maʻu ʻa e fakakaukau ki hono ngaohikovia ʻo e kakai fefiné ko ha palopalema fakaemāmani lahi ia, ʻo hangē ko hono fakahaaʻi ʻe he ngaahi līpooti ko ení.
ʻIsipite: Naʻe fakahaaʻi ʻi ha ako māhina ʻe tolu ʻi ʻAlekisanitulia ko e fakamālohi ʻi he fāmilí ʻa e tupuʻanga tefito ʻo e ngaahi lavea ʻa e kakai fefiné. Ko e tupuʻanga ia ʻo e peseti ʻe 27.9 ʻo e ʻaʻahi kotoa ʻoku fai ʻe he kakai fefiné ki he ngaahi fale faitoʻo laveá.—Fakamatala fakanounou hono 5 ia ʻa e Konifelenisi Hono Fā ʻa e Māmaní ki he Kakai Fefiné.
Taileni: ʻI he tuʻa kolo lahi taha ʻo Bangkok, ʻoku tā maʻu pē ai ʻa e peseti ʻe 50 ʻo e kakai fefine malí.—Kautaha ʻa e Pasifikí ki he Moʻui Lelei ʻa e Kakai Fefiné.
Hongo Kongo: “Ko e tokolahi ʻo e kakai fefine ʻoku nau pehē ne haha kinautolu ʻe honau ngaahi hoá kuo mahiki hake ia ʻo laka ʻi he peseti ʻe 40 ʻi he taʻu kuo maliu atú.”—South China Morning Post, Siulai 21, 2000.
Siapani: Ko e tokolahi ʻo e kakai fefine ʻoku nau kumi ki ha maluʻangá kuo mahiki hake ia mei he toko 4,843 ʻi he 1995 ki he toko 6,340 ʻi he 1998. “Naʻe pehē ʻe he vahe tolu ʻe taha nai, naʻa nau kumi ha maluʻangá koeʻuhi ko e tōʻonga fakamālohi ʻoku fai ange ʻe honau ngaahi husepānití.”—The Japan Times, Sepitema 10, 2000.
Pilitānia: “Ko ha tohotoho, haha pe hokaʻí ʻoku hoko ia ʻi ha ʻapi ʻi ha feituʻu pē ʻi Pilitānia kotoa ʻi he sekoni ʻe ono kotoa pē.” Fakatatau ki ha līpooti ʻa e Scotland Yard, “ʻoku maʻu ʻe he kau polisí ʻa e ngaahi telefoni ʻe 1,300 mei he faʻahinga maʻukovia ʻe he fakamālohi ʻi he fāmilí ʻi he ʻaho kotoa pē—ʻo laka hake ʻi he 570,000 he taʻu. Ko e peseti ʻe 81 ai ko e kakai fefine maʻukovia kuo ʻohofi ʻe he kakai tangatá.”—The Times, ʻOkatopa 25, 2000.
Pelū: Ko e peseti ʻe 70 ʻo e ngaahi faihia kotoa naʻe līpooti ki he kau polisí naʻe fekauʻaki ia mo e kakai fefine naʻe tā ʻe honau ngaahi husepānití.—Kautaha ʻa e Pasifikí ki he Moʻui Lelei ʻa e Kakai Fefiné.
Lūsia: “ʻI he taʻu ʻe tahá, naʻe tāmateʻi ai ha kakai fefine Lūsia ʻe toko 14,500 ʻe honau ngaahi husepānití, pea ko e toe toko 56,400 naʻe ʻikai te nau toe malava ha meʻa, pe lavea lahi ʻi he ngaahi ʻohofi ʻi he fāmilí.”—The Guardian.
Siaina: “Ko ha palopalema foʻou ia. ʻOku tupulaki vave ia, tautefito ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu koló,” ko e lau ia ʻa Palōfesa Chen Yiyun, ko e talēkita ʻa e Senitā Fakafāmili Jinglun. “Ko e tākiekina mālohi mei he ngaahi kaungāʻapí ʻoku ʻikai te ne kei taʻofi ʻa e fakamālohi ʻi he fāmilí.”—The Guardian.
Nikalākuā: “Ko e fakamālohi ki he kakai fefiné ʻi Nikalākuaá ʻoku mahiki hake. Naʻe pehē ʻi ha savea ʻe taha, ʻi he taʻu kuo ʻosí pē taha naʻe faingataʻaʻia ai ʻa e peseti ʻe 52 ʻo e kakai fefine Nikalākuaá ʻi ha founga ʻo e fakamālohi ʻi he fāmilí ko hono fai ʻe honau kakai tangatá.”—Ongoongo BBC.
[Puha ʻi he peesi 7]
Ngaahi Fakaʻilonga Fakatuʻutāmaki
Fakatatau ki ha fakatotolo naʻe tataki ʻe Richard J. Gelles ʻi he ʻUnivēsiti ʻo Rhode Island, U.S.A., ko e ngaahi fakaʻilonga fakatuʻutāmaki eni ki he ngaohikovia fakaesino mo fakaeongo ʻi he ʻātakai ʻo e fāmilí:
1. Ko e tangatá naʻe kau ia ki muʻa ʻi ha fakamālohi he fāmilí.
2. ʻOku ʻikai te ne ngāue.
3. ʻOkú ne ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi faitoʻo kona tapu taʻefakalaó ʻo tuʻo taha ʻi he taʻu ʻi he siʻisiʻi tahá.
4. ʻI he taimi naʻá ne nofo ai ʻi ʻapí, naʻá ne sio ʻi hono tā ʻe heʻene tamaí ʻa ʻene faʻeé.
5. Ko e ongo meʻá ʻoku ʻikai te na mali; ʻokú na nonofo.
6. Kapau ʻoku ngāue, ʻoku totongi kovi ʻa ʻene ngāué.
7. Naʻe ʻikai te ne maʻu tohi fakamoʻoni ako mei he akoʻanga māʻolungá.
8. ʻOkú ne ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e taʻu 18 ki he 30.
9. Ko e tokotaha, pe ko kinaua fakatouʻosi ʻokú na ngāueʻaki ʻa e fakamālohí ki he fānau ʻi ʻapí.
10. Ko e paʻanga hū maí ʻoku ʻi lalo ia ʻi he tuʻunga masivá.
11. Ko e tangatá mo e fefiné ʻokú na mei he ongo ʻātakai fakaesivilaise kehekehe.
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 7]
Ko e fakamālohi ʻi he fāmilí ʻe lava ke ne uesia lahi ʻa e fānaú