Konisitanitaine Ko e Lahi—Ko ha Mafi ʻo e Lotu Faka-Kalisitiané?

Ko e ʻEmipola Loma ko Konisitanitainé ʻoku ʻi he lotolotonga ia ʻo e kau tangata tokosiʻi ʻa ia kuo teuteuʻiʻaki ʻe he hisitōliá hono hingoá ʻa e kupuʻi lea ko e “Lahi.” Kuo tānaki atu ki ai ʻe Puleʻanga-Haʻa-Kalisitiane ʻa e ngaahi kupuʻi lea ko e “sangato,” “ʻaposetolo hono taha tolú,” “tatau māʻoniʻoni ʻo e kau ʻaposetoló,” mo e ‘filiʻi ʻe he Tataki ʻa e ʻOtuá ke fakahoko ʻa e liliu lahi taha ʻi he māmaní kotoa.’ ʻI he vakai mei he tafaʻaki ʻe tahá, ʻoku fakamatalaʻi ʻe he niʻihi ʻa Konisitanitaine ko e “lingitoto, kuo fakaongoongokoviʻiʻaki ʻa e ngaahi meʻa fakalilifu taʻefaʻalaua pea fonu ʻi he kākaá, . . . ko ha fuʻu fakaaoao palakū fau, halaia ʻi he ngaahi faihia fakalilifu.”

KUO akoʻi ki he kau Kalisitiane lau tokolahi ko Konisitanitaine ko e Lahí ko e taha ia ʻi he faʻahinga tokoni tuʻu-ki-muʻa lahi taha ki he lotu faka-Kalisitiané. ʻOku nau tuku ki ai ʻa hono fakatauʻatāinaʻi ʻa e kau Kalisitiané mei he fakamamahi ʻo e fakatanga ʻa Lomá pea ʻoange kiate kinautolu ʻa e tauʻatāina fakalotú. ʻIkai ngata aí, ʻoku tui ʻa e fuʻu kakai tokolahi ko iá ko ha tokotaha muimui anga-tonu kia Sīsū Kalaisi fakataha mo ha holi mālohi ke fakalahi atu ʻa e ngaʻunu faka-Kalisitiané. Ko e Siasi ʻOfotokisī Fakahahaké mo e Siasi Kopitikí kuó na talaki, fakatouʻosi ʻa Konisitanitaine mo ʻene faʻeé, ko Helena, ko e “ongo sangato.” Ko hona kātoangá ʻoku fakamanatu ia ʻi Sune 3 pe fakatatau ki he tohi māhina ʻa e siasí, ʻi Mē 21.

Ko hai moʻoni ʻa Konisitanitaine ko e Lahí? Ko e hā hono ngafa ʻi he tupu fakautuutu ʻa e Lotu faka-Kalisitiané hili ʻa e taimi ʻo e kau ʻaposetoló? ʻOku mātuʻaki fakamaama ʻa hono tuku ki he hisitōliá mo e kau mataotaó ke nau tali ʻa e ongo fehuʻí ni.

Ko e Tuʻunga Fakahisitōlia ʻo Konisitanitainé

Ko Konisitanitainé, ko e foha ia ʻo Konisitanitiusi Kololasi, naʻe fāʻeleʻi ia ʻi Naissus ʻi Sēpia ʻi he taʻu 275 T.S. nai. ʻI he taimi naʻe hoko ai ʻene tamaí ko e ʻemipola ʻo e ngaahi vahefonua fakahihifo ʻo Lomá ʻi he 293 T.S., naʻá ne ʻi he tau ai ʻi he Danube ʻi he malumalu ʻo e ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni meia ʻEmipola Kalīliasi. Naʻe foki ʻa Konisitanitaine ki Pilitānia ki he tafaʻaki ʻo ʻene tamaí ʻa ia naʻe fakatōtōlaʻā ʻi he taʻu 306 T.S. Taimi siʻi pē hili ʻa e mate ʻa ʻene tamaí, naʻe ʻohake ai ʻa Konisitanitaine ki he tuʻunga ʻo ha ʻemipola ʻe he kau taú.

ʻI he taimi ko iá, naʻe taukaveʻi ʻe he toko nima kehe ia naʻa nau ʻEmipola. ʻI he vahaʻa taimi ʻi he 306 mo e 324 T.S., hili ia ʻa e hoko ʻo ʻemipola tokotaha pē ʻa Konisitanitainé, ko ha taimi ia ʻo e tau fakalotofonua tuʻumaʻu. Ko e ikuna ʻi ha ongo feingatau ʻe ua, naʻá ne fakapapauʻi ai ha tuʻunga ʻo Konisitanitaine ʻi he hisitōlia ʻo Lomá pea ʻai ai ia ko e pule tokotaha pē ʻo e ʻEmipaea Lomá.

ʻI he 312 T.S., naʻe ikunaʻi ai ʻe Konisitanitaine ʻa e taha naʻá ne fepaki mo ia ko Mekisenitiusi ʻi he tau ʻo e Halafakakavakava Miliviení ʻi tuʻa, ʻi Loma. Naʻe taukaveʻi ʻe he kau taukapo ʻo e tui faka-Kalisitiané, naʻe ʻi ai ʻo hā mai ʻi he lolotonga ʻa e feingatau ko iá, ʻi he lalo laʻaá ha kolosi uloulo naʻe tuʻu ai ʻa e ngaahi foʻi lea faka-Latina ko e In hoc signo vinces, ko hono ʻuhingá ko e “ʻOku ʻi he fakaʻilonga ko ʻení ʻa e ikuna.” ʻOku toe pehē tokua ʻi ha misi, naʻe tala ai kia Konisitanitaine ke vali ʻa e ongo ʻuluaki mataʻitohi faka-Kalisi ʻo e hingoa ʻo Kalaisí ʻi he pā ʻa ʻene kau taú. Kae kehe, ʻoku lahi ʻa e hokohoko taʻetotonu ʻo e taimí ʻi he talanoa ko ʻení. ʻOku pehē ʻe he tohi ko e A History of Christianity: “ʻOku ʻi ai ha fepaki ʻi he fakamoʻoni fekauʻaki mo e taimi totonú, feituʻu mo e ngaahi fakaikiiki ʻo e vīsone ko ʻení.” ʻI hono talitali lelei ʻo Konisitanitaine ʻi Lomá, naʻe talaki ai ia ʻe ha Sēnatu pangani ko ʻeiki ʻAokositusi mo Ponitifeki Mekisimasi, ʻa ia ko e taulaʻeiki lahi ia ʻo e lotu fakapangani ʻa e ʻemipaeá.

ʻI he 313 T.S., naʻe fokotuʻutuʻu ai ʻe Konisitanitaine ha hoa mo ʻEmipola Līsiniasi, ko e pule ʻo e ngaahi vahefonua fakahahaké. Fakafou ʻi he Tuʻutuʻuni ʻo Mīlaní, naʻá na ʻoatu fakataha ai ʻa e tauʻatāina ʻo e lotú mo e ngaahi totonu faitatau ki he ngaahi kulupu fakalotú. Kae kehe, ʻoku tuku hifo ʻe he kau faihisitōlia tokolahi ʻa e mahuʻinga ʻo e tohi fakamoʻoni ko ʻení, ʻo pehē ko e tohi fakaʻōfisi anga-maheni pē ia ʻo ʻikai ko ha tohi fakamoʻoni lahi fakaʻemipola ʻo fakahaaʻi ha liliu ʻo e founga ki he lotu faka-Kalisitiané.

ʻI loto ʻi he taʻu ʻe hongofulu hono hokó, naʻe ikunaʻi ai ʻe Konisitanitaine ʻa hono kaungā feʻauhi fakamuimui taha naʻe toé, ʻa Līsiniasi, peá ne hoko ai ko e pule taʻealafakakikihiʻi ʻo e māmani ʻo Lomá. ʻI he 325 T.S., ʻi he lolotonga ʻo ʻene taʻepapitaisó, naʻá ne tokangaʻi ai ʻa e ʻuluaki kosilio lahi ʻa e ngaahi siasi fakatahatahá ʻo e siasi “faka-Kalisitiané,” ʻa ia ʻokú ne fakahalaiaʻi ʻa e tui faka-ʻEliasí peá ne ʻomai ha fakamatala ʻo e ngaahi tui tefito naʻe ui ko e Keleto Nīseá.

Ko e puke fakaʻosi ʻa Konisitanitainé naʻe ʻi he taʻu 337 T.S. ʻI he houa fakaʻosi ko ia ʻo ʻene moʻuí, naʻá ne papitaiso, peá ne toki mate. Hili ʻene maté naʻe tuku ia ʻe he Sēnatú ki he lotolotonga ʻo e ngaahi ʻotua Lomá.

Lotú ʻi he Palani ʻa Konisitanitainé

ʻI he felāveʻi mo e fakakaukau fakalūkufua naʻe maʻu ʻe he kau ʻemipola Loma ʻo e senituli tolú mo e faá ʻo kau ki he lotú, ʻoku pehē ʻe he tohi ko e Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous (Hisitōlia ʻo e Puleʻanga Kalisí): “Naʻa mo e ʻi he taimi naʻe ʻikai ke maʻu ai ʻe he faʻahinga ʻoku nau nofo ʻi he taloni fakaʻemipolá ʻa e ngaahi hehema fakalotu lolotó, ke fakaai ʻa e fakakaukau ʻoku loto ki ai ʻa e kakaí, naʻa nau ʻilo ʻoku fiemaʻu ke ʻoange ha tuʻunga mahuʻinga ki he lotú ʻi he tefito ʻo ʻenau ngaahi faʻufaʻu fakapolitikalé, ke ʻoatu ai ha mālohi lahi ange fakalotu ki heʻenau ngaahi ngāué.”

Ko e moʻoni, ko Konisitanitainé ko ha tangata ia naʻe feʻunga mo hono kuongá. ʻI he kamataʻanga ʻo ʻene ngāué, naʻá ne fiemaʻu ha poupou “fakaʻotua,” pea naʻe ʻikai lava ke tokonaki mai ʻa e meʻá ni ʻe he ngaahi ʻotua Loma kuo nau mole atú. Ko e ʻemipaeá, kau ai ʻa ʻene lotú mo e ngaahi fokotuʻutuʻu kehé, naʻe faai hifo, pea naʻe fiemaʻu ha meʻa mālohi mo longomoʻui ke fakaivimālohiʻiʻaki ia. ʻOku pehē ʻe he ʻenisaikolopētia Hidria: “Naʻe tautefito ʻa e mahuʻingaʻia ʻa Konisitanitaine ʻi he lotu faka-Kalisitiané koeʻuhi naʻá ne poupouʻi ʻo ʻikai ngata pē ʻi heʻene ikuná kae pehē foki ki he toe fokotuʻutuʻu maau ʻa hono ʻemipaeá. Naʻe hoko ʻa e ngaahi siasi faka-Kalisitiane naʻe ʻi ai ʻi he feituʻu kotoa pē ko hono kau poupou fakapolitikale. . . . Naʻá ne takatakaiʻiʻaki ia ʻa e kau pīsope lalahi ʻo e taimi ko iá . . . , peá ne kole ange ke tauhi ʻenau fāʻūtahá ke kakato.”

Naʻe ʻiloʻi ʻe Konisitanitaine ko e lotu “faka-Kalisitiané”​—neongo ʻene tafoki mei he moʻoní pea fakameleʻi lahi ʻi he taimi ko iá​—ʻe lava ke ngāueʻaki ola lelei ia ko ha fakaivifoʻou mo e mālohi fāʻūtaha ke tauhi ʻa ʻene faʻufaʻu maʻongoʻonga maʻá e pule ʻa e ʻemipaeá. ʻI hono ohi ʻa e ngaahi tuʻunga ʻa e lotu faka-Kalisitiane tafoki mei he moʻoní ke maʻu ʻa e poupou ki hono hakeakiʻi ʻa ʻene ngaahi taumuʻa fakapolitikale ʻaʻaná, naʻá ne fakapapauʻi ke fakafāʻūtahaʻi ʻa e kakaí ʻi he malumalu ʻo e lotu pē ʻe taha “katolika” pe fakaleveleva. Ko e ngaahi tōʻonga mo e ngaahi kātoanga fakapanganí naʻe ʻoange ki ai ʻa e ngaahi hingoa “faka-Kalisitiane.” Pea naʻe ʻoange ki he kau tangata faifekau “Kalisitiané” ʻa e tuʻunga, vāhenga, mo e tākiekina fakapolitikale ʻa e kau taulaʻeiki panganí.

ʻI he kumi ki he feongoongoi fakalotu maʻá e ngaahi ʻuhinga fakapolitikalé, naʻe fakavaivaiʻi fakaʻaufuli vave ʻe Konisitanitaine ha ngaahi lea taʻeloto ki ai pē, ʻo ʻikai ʻi he ngaahi makatuʻunga ʻo e moʻoni fakatokāteliné, kae makatuʻunga ʻi hono tali ʻe he tokolahi tahá. Ko e ngaahi faikehekehe lahi fakaetokāteline ʻi loto ʻi he siasi “Kalisitiane” kuo māvahevahe lahí naʻá ne ʻoange ai kiate ia ʻa e faingamālie ke kau mai ko ha tokotaha fakalaloa “fekau mai ʻe he ʻOtuá.” Fakafou ʻi heʻene feangainga mo e kau tui faka-Tōneitisí ʻi ʻAfilika Tokelau pea mo e kau muimui ʻo ʻEliasí ʻi he konga fakahahake ʻo e ʻemipaeá, naʻá ne ʻiloʻi vave naʻe ʻikai ke feʻunga pē ʻa e fakalotoʻí ki hono faʻu ʻo ha tui fefeka, fāʻūtaha.a Naʻá ne fai ʻa e ʻuluaki kosilio ʻa e ngaahi siasi fakatahatahá ʻi he hisitōlia ʻo e siasí, ʻi ha feinga ke fakasiʻisiʻiʻaki ʻa e fekīhiaki ʻi he tui faka-ʻEliasí.​—Sio ki he puha ko e “Konisitanitaine mo e Kosilio ʻi Nīseá.”

Fekauʻaki mo Konisitanitainé, ʻoku pehē ʻe he faihisitōlia ko Paul Johnson: “Ko e taha ʻi heʻene ngaahi ʻuhinga tefito ki hono kātakiʻi ʻa e lotu faka-Kalisitiané koeʻuhi pē ko ʻene ʻoange kiate ia mo e Puleʻangá ʻa e faingamālie ke puleʻi ʻa e founga ʻa e Siasí ʻi he tuʻunga fakaʻofotokisií mo e tuʻunga ʻikai fakaʻofotokisií.”

Naʻá Ne Teitei Hoko ko ha Kalisitiané?

ʻOku fakamatala ʻa Johnson: “Naʻe ʻikai teitei liʻaki ʻe Konisitanitaine ia ʻa e lotu ki he laʻaá peá ne tauhi ʻa e laʻaá ʻi heʻene ngaahi foʻi koiní.” ʻOku pehē ʻi he Catholic Encyclopedia: “Naʻe fakahaaʻi ʻe Konisitanitaine ʻa e leleiʻia tatau fakatouʻosi ʻi he ongo lotú. ʻI hono tuʻunga ko e ponitifeki mekisimasí naʻá ne tokangaʻi ʻa e founga-lotu fakahītení ʻo maluʻi ʻa ʻene ngaahi totonú.” “Naʻe ʻikai teitei hoko ʻa Konisitanitaine ko ha Kalisitiane,” ko e fakamatala ia ʻa e ʻenisaikolopētia Hidria, ʻi heʻene tānaki mai: “Ko ʻIusepiasi ʻo Sesaliá, ʻa ia naʻá ne tohi ʻa hono piokālafí, ʻokú ne pehē naʻá ne hoko ko ha Kalisitiane ʻi he ngaahi mōmeniti fakaʻosi ʻo ʻene moʻuí. ʻOku ʻikai falalaʻanga ʻa e meʻá ni, he ʻi he ʻaho ki muʻá, naʻe fai ai ʻe [Konisitanitaine] ha feilaulau kia Siusi koeʻuhi he naʻá ne toe maʻu ʻa e hingoa fakalakanga Ponitifeki Mekisimasí.”

ʻI he aʻu mai ki he ʻaho ʻo ʻene maté ʻi he 337 T.S., naʻe ʻai ai ʻe Konisitanitaine ʻa e hingoa fakalakanga fakapangani ko e Ponitifeki Mekisimasí, ko e ʻulu taupotu ia ʻo e ngaahi meʻa fakalotú. Fekauʻaki mo ʻene papitaisó, ʻoku ʻuhinga lelei ke ʻeke, Naʻe fai ia ʻi muʻa ʻaki ʻa e fakatomala moʻoni mo ha tafoki, hangē ko ia ʻoku fiemaʻu ʻi he ngaahi Konga Tohitapú? (Ngāue 2:​38, 40, 41) Ko ha fakauku kakato ia ʻi he vaí ʻi he tuʻunga ko ha fakaʻilonga ʻo e fakatapui ʻa Konisitanitaine kia Sihova ko e ʻOtuá?​—Fakafehoanaki mo Ngāue 8:​36-39.

Ko ha “Sangato”?

Ko e Encyclopædia Britannica ʻoku pehē ai: “Naʻe fakanofo ʻa Konisitanitaine ke ui ko e Lahí ʻi he meʻa naʻá ne lavaʻí kae ʻikai ʻi heʻene tōʻonga ʻulungāngá. Ko e moʻoni, kapau naʻe ʻahiʻahiʻi ia ʻaki ʻa e ʻulungāngá, ʻokú ne kau ʻi he tuʻunga māʻulalo taha ʻia kinautolu ko ia ʻa ia kuo ngāueʻaki ki ai ʻa e hingoa fakatenetene [Lahí] ʻi he kuonga muʻá pe ʻi onopooni.” Pea ko e tohi ko e A History of Christianity ʻoku fakahinohinoʻi ai kitautolu: “Naʻe ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi muʻaki līpooti fekauʻaki mo ʻene ʻita fakamālohí mo ʻene anga-fakamamahi ʻi heʻene ʻitá. . . . Naʻe ʻikai haʻane tokaʻi ʻa e moʻui fakaetangatá . . . Naʻe hoko ʻo fakalilifu ʻa ʻene moʻui fakafoʻituituí ʻi heʻene hoholo ke motuʻá.”

ʻOku hā mahino naʻe ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi palopalema mafatukituki fakaeʻulungaanga ʻo Konisitanitaine. ʻOku pehē ʻe he tokotaha fekumi hisitōlia, ko “ʻene tōʻonga ʻulungāngá ʻa e ʻuhinga lahi ki heʻene fai ʻo e ngaahi faihiá.” (Sio ki he puha “Ngaahi Fakapō Fakaehaʻatuʻi.”) Naʻe ʻikai “ko ha tokotaha Kalisitiane” ʻa Konisitanitaine, ko e lau ia ʻa e faihisitōlia ko H. Fisher ʻi heʻene History of Europe. Ko e ngaahi moʻoniʻi meʻá, ʻoku ʻikai te ne fakaʻilongaʻi ia ko ha Kalisitiane moʻoni ʻa ia kuó ne ʻai ʻa e “tangata foʻou” pea ʻe ʻikai lava ke maʻu ai ʻa e fua ʻo e laumālie māʻoniʻoni ʻo e ʻOtuá​—ko e ʻofa, loto-fiefia, melino, kātaki fuoloa, anga-ʻofa, anga-lelei, tui, anga-malū, mo e mapuleʻi-kita.​—Kolose 3:9, 10; Kaletia 5:​22, 23.

Ko e Ngaahi Nunuʻa ʻo ʻEne Ngaahi Feingá

ʻI hono tuʻunga ko e Ponitefeki Mekisimasi panganí​—pea ko ia ʻa e ʻulu fakalotu ʻo e ʻEmipaea Lomá​—naʻe feinga ʻa Konisitanitaine ke ne maʻu ʻa e loto ʻo e kau pīsope ʻo e siasi tafoki mei he tuí. Naʻá ne ʻoange kiate kinautolu ʻa e ngaahi tuʻunga mafai, tuʻu-ki-muʻa, mo e koloa ʻi he tuʻunga ko e kau fakafofonga ʻo e lotu ʻa e Puleʻanga Lomá. ʻOku fakahā ʻe he Catholic Encyclopedia: “Naʻe fakakuihi ʻe he lāngilangi ʻo e nofoʻangá ʻa e kau pīsope ʻe niʻihi, naʻa mo ʻenau aʻu ki he tuʻunga ko hono fakahīkihikiʻi ʻa e ʻemipolá ko ha ʻāngelo ʻa e ʻOtuá, ko ha tokotaha toputapu, pea ke palofisai te ne tatau mo e ʻAlo ʻo e ʻOtuá, ʻo pule ʻi hēvani.”

ʻI he leleiʻia ʻa e lotu faka-Kalisitiane tafoki mei he tuí ʻi he founga-pule fakapolitikalé, naʻá ne hoko lahi ange ai ko ha konga ʻo e māmani ko ʻení, ʻo e fokotuʻutuʻu fakaemāmani ko ʻení, pea tēkina mamaʻo ai mei he ngaahi akonaki ʻa Sīsū Kalaisí. (Sione 15:19; 17:​14, 16; Fakahā 17:​1, 2) Ko hono nunuʻá leva, naʻe ʻi ai ha tuifio ʻa e “lotu faka-Kalisitiané” mo e ngaahi tokāteline mo e tōʻongafai loí​—ko e Tolu-Tahaʻi-ʻOtuá, taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú, afi ʻo helí, pulekatolio, ngaahi hūfaki maʻá e kau maté, ngāueʻaki ʻo e ngaahi losalió, ngaahi fakatātā fakalotú, ngaahi ʻīmisi, mo e meʻa tatau mo ia.​—Fakafehoanaki mo 2 Kolinito 6:​14-​18.

Meia Konisitanitaine, naʻe toe maʻu mei ai ʻe he siasí ʻa e hehema ke hoko ʻo leleiʻia ʻi he tuʻunga mafaí. ʻOku pehē ʻe he ongo mataotao ko Henderson mo Buck: “Naʻe fakameleʻi ʻa e tonu ʻa e Kōsipelí, naʻe fakakau ki ai ʻa e ngaahi tōʻonga fakangeingeia mo e ngaahi ouau, naʻe foaki ki he kau faiako ʻo e lotu faka-Kalisitiané ʻa e ngaahi fakalāngilangi fakamāmani mo e vāhenga, pea tautefito ki hono liliu ʻa e Puleʻanga ʻo Kalaisí ʻo hoko ko ha puleʻanga ʻo e māmani ko ʻení.”

Ko Fē ʻa e Lotu Faka-Kalisitiane Moʻoní?

ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe he ngaahi moʻoniʻi meʻa fakahisitōliá ʻa e moʻoni ʻoku tuʻu mei mui ʻi he “tuʻunga-lahi” ʻo Konisitanitainé. ʻI he ʻikai ke hoko ʻo fokotuʻu ʻe Sīsū Kalaisi, ko e ʻUlu ʻo e fakatahaʻanga Kalisitiane moʻoní, ko Puleʻanga-Haʻa-Kalisitiane ko e konga ia ʻo e ola ʻo e lelei fakapolitikale mo e ngaahi faʻufaʻu olopoto fakakautau ʻa ha ʻemipola pangani. ʻOku mātuʻaki totonu ʻa e fehuʻi ʻa e faihisitōlia ko Paul Johnson: “Naʻe tukulolo ʻa e ʻemipaeá ki he lotu faka-Kalisitiané, pe naʻe tuku atu ʻe he lotu faka-Kalisitiané ia tonu ki he ʻemipaeá ke fakameleʻi?”

Ko kinautolu kotoa ʻoku nau loto-moʻoni ke pipiki ki he lotu faka-Kalisitiane maʻá ʻoku lava ke tokoniʻi ke nau ʻiloʻi pea feohi mo e fakatahaʻanga Kalisitiane moʻoni ʻi he ʻaho ní. ʻOku loto-lelei lahi ʻa e Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihova ʻi māmani lahí ke tokoniʻi ʻa e kakai loto-faitotonú ke nau fakapapauʻi ʻa e lotu faka-Kalisitiane moʻoní, pea ke lotu ki he ʻOtuá ʻi he founga ʻoku fakahōifua kiate iá.​—Sione 4:​23, 24.

[Fakamatala ʻi lalo]

[Puha ʻi he peesi 28]

Konisitanitaine mo e Kosilio ʻi Nīseá

Ko e hā ʻa e fatongia naʻe fai ʻe he ʻemipola taʻepapitaiso ko Konisitanitainé ʻi he Kosilio ʻi Nīseá? ʻOku pehē ʻe he Encyclopædia Britannica: “Naʻe tokangaʻi longomoʻui ʻe Konisitanitaine tonu, ʻa hono tataki ʻa e lāuleá . . . ʻI hono fakamanavaheeʻi ʻe he ʻemipolá, naʻe fakamoʻoni ʻa e kau pīsopé, tuku kehe pē ʻa e toko ua ʻi he keletó, ko e tokolahi ʻo kinautolu naʻe fepaki lahi ia mo ʻenau saiʻiá.”

Hili ʻa e māhina ʻe ua ʻo e vālau fakakikihi fakalotú, naʻe kau fakamālohi mai ʻa e tokotaha politiki pangani ko ʻení ʻo fakapapauʻi ʻa ʻene kau ki he faʻahinga ko ia naʻa nau pehē naʻe ʻOtua ʻa Sīsuú. Ka ko e hā hono ʻuhingá? “Ko e hā pē ha fehuʻi naʻe ʻeke ʻi he teolosia faka-Kalisí, naʻe ʻikai pē mahino tefito ia kia Konisitanitaine,” ko e lau ia ʻa e A Short History of Christian Doctrine. Ko e meʻa pē naʻe mahino ki aí, ko e māvahevahe fakalotú naʻe hoko ia ko ha fakamanamana ki hono ʻemipaeá, pea naʻá ne fakapapau ke fakafefekaʻi ʻa hono ʻemipaeá.

Fekauʻaki mo e tohi fakamoʻoni aofangatuku naʻe faʻu ʻi Nīsea ʻi he malumalu ʻo e ngaahi tataki ʻa Konisitanitainé, ʻoku fakamatala ʻa e Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous (Hisitōlia ʻo e Puleʻanga Kalisí): “ʻOkú ne fakahaaʻi ʻa e taʻetokanga [ʻa Konisitanitaine] ki he ngaahi meʻa fakatokāteliné, . . . ko ʻene vilitaki taʻeʻunua pe ko e hā pe ha founga ke fakafokimaiʻaki ʻa e fāʻūtaha ʻa e siasí, pea fakaʻosí ko ʻene tuipau ko ia ʻi hono tuʻunga ko e ‘pīsope ʻo e faʻahinga ʻi tuʻa ʻi he siasí’ naʻe ʻaʻana ke fai ʻa e fili aofangatuku fekauʻaki mo ha meʻa fakalotu pē.” ʻE ala lava ke pehē ko e laumālie ʻo e ʻOtuá naʻá ne poupouʻi ʻa e ngaahi fili kuo fai ʻi he kosilio ko iá?​—Fakafehoanaki mo Ngāue 15:​28, 29.

[Puha ʻi he peesi 29]

“Ngaahi Fakapō Fakaehaʻatuʻi”

ʻI lalo ʻi he ʻuluʻitohi ko ʻení, ko e ngāue Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous (Hisitōlia ʻo e Puleʻanga Kalisí) ʻokú ne fakamatalaʻi ʻa e meʻa ʻoku ui ko e “ngaahi faihia fakalielia naʻe fai ʻe Konisitanitaine ki he fāmilí.” Taimi nounou pē ʻi he hili ʻene fokotuʻu ʻa hono tuʻunga fakatuʻí, naʻe ngalo ai ʻa e founga ke fiefia ʻi he lavameʻa taʻeʻamanekiná pea hoko ʻo ne fakatokangaʻi ʻa e ngaahi fakatuʻutāmaki ʻokú ne ʻātakaiʻi iá. ʻI he hoko ko ha tokotaha huʻuhuʻu pea ʻi hono fakaʻaiʻai nai ʻe he kau fakahekeheké, naʻá ne ʻuluaki huʻuhuʻu ki hono ʻilamutu ko Līsinieniasí​—ko e foha ʻo ha kaungā-ʻAokositusi naʻá ne ʻosi tāmateʻi​—ko ha taha ʻe ala lava ke fakavahavahaʻa mai. Naʻe hoko atu ʻi hono fakapōngí ʻa hono tāmateʻi ʻo e ʻuluaki foha tonu pē ʻo Konisitanitaine, ko Kilisipasi, ʻa ia naʻe fai ia ʻe hono mali hono uá ko Fausitā, koeʻuhi he naʻá ne hā ngali ko ha fakafaingataʻaʻiaʻanga ki he mafai kakato ʻo ʻene fānaú tonu.

Ko e ngāue ko ʻeni ʻa Fausitaá ko e ʻuhinga ia naʻe iku ai ki heʻene mate fakafokifaá. ʻOku hā ngali ko ʻAokositā Helenā, ʻa ia naʻá ne tākiekina ʻa ʻene tama ko Konisitanitainé ʻo aʻu ki he ngataʻangá, naʻe kau ia ʻi he fakapō ko ʻení. Ko e ngaahi ongo taʻetotonu ko ia naʻá ne faʻa puleʻi ʻa Konisitanitainé naʻe toe tānaki ia ki he lahi ʻo e ngaahi tāmateʻi ʻo e tokolahi ʻi hono ngaahi kaungāmeʻá mo e takangá. ʻOku fakamulitukuʻaki ʻi he tohi ko e History of the Middle Ages: “Ko e tāmate​—taʻelau ki ai ʻa e fakapoongi​—ʻo hono fohá tonu mo hono uaifí ʻokú ne fakahaaʻi naʻe ʻikai uesia ia ʻe ha tākiekina fakalaumālie ʻe taha ʻi he lotu faka-Kalisitiané.”

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 30]

Ko e matapā ko ʻeni ʻi Lomá kuo ngāueʻaki ia ke fakalāngilangiʻi ʻa Konisitanitaine

[Maʻuʻanga ʻo e Tā ʻi he peesi 26]

Musée du Louvre, Paris