Ko hono fulihi ʻo e ngaahi kēnisi fakaetangatá ʻa e fakapulipuli ki he moʻui fuoloá?
Fekumi ki ha Moʻui Fuoloa Ange
“Kuó u mamata ʻi he ngāue kuo foaki ʻe he ʻOtuá ki he ngaahi foha ʻo e tangatá ke fakafemoʻuekinaʻi ai pē kinautolú. Kuó ne ngaohi ʻa e meʻa kotoa pē ke fakaʻofoʻofa ʻi hono taimí. Kuo aʻu ʻo ne ʻai ʻa ʻitāniti ki honau lotó.”—Tangata Malanga 3:10, 11.
KO E lea ko ia ʻa e tuʻi poto ko Solomoné ʻokú ne fakamatalaʻi moʻoni ai ʻa e ongoʻi ʻa e tangatá ki he moʻuí. Mahalo nai koeʻuhi ʻoku fuonounou pē ʻa e moʻuí pea ʻikai ala lava kalofi ʻa e maté, pea ʻoku holi ai ʻa e kakaí ke moʻui fuoloa ange. ʻI ha ngaahi senituli kuo fekumi ai ʻa e kakaí ki ha founga ke moʻui fuoloa ange.
Ko e fakatātaá, ko Kilikamesí, ko ha tuʻi Samēlia ia. Naʻe lahi ʻa e ngaahi talatupuʻa ʻo fekauʻaki mo iá. Ko e taha ai ʻoku fakamatala ki ai ʻa e Talanoa kia Kilikamesí, ʻo pehē ai naʻá ne fai ha fononga ʻi ha halanga fononga faingataʻa ke ʻiloʻi ʻa e founga ke ikuʻi ai ʻa e maté. Naʻe ʻikai lavameʻa ia.
Ko ha tokotaha huʻi kemikale fakafaitoʻo ʻi hono lēpí
ʻI he senituli hono fā K.M., naʻe feinga ai ha kau huʻi kemikale ʻi Siaina ke huʻi ha “vai” ʻa ē ne fai e tui te ne fakatolonga e moʻuí. Naʻa nau ʻai ha vai naʻe ʻi ai ha meakuli mo ha māsima kona fakatupu mate. Ka naʻe mate heni ʻa e kau ʻemipola ʻo Siainá. ʻI ʻIulope, ko e kau huʻi kemikale ʻe niʻihi naʻa nau feinga ke liliu ʻa e koulá ke ala lava ʻo folo koeʻuhí ʻoku nau tui ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻumeʻumea vave eni pea ʻoku lava ke ne fakatolonga ʻa e moʻui ʻa e tangatá.
ʻI he ʻahó ni, ʻoku feinga ʻa e kau faipaiolosií mo e kau mataotao fakasaienisí ke ʻiloʻi ʻa e fakaleleiʻanga ki he taʻumotuʻá. Hangē ko e fekumi ki he “fakalōloa ʻo e moʻuí,” ʻoku fakahaaʻi ai ko e ʻamanaki ki hono ikuʻi ʻo e taʻumotuʻá pea mo e maté ʻoku kei ʻi he ʻatamai pē ia ʻo e tangatá. Ka ko e hā ʻa e ola ʻo e fekumi ko iá?
KUO ʻAI ʻE HE ʻOTUÁ “ʻA ʻITĀNITI KI HONAU LOTÓ.”—TANGATA MALANGA 3:10, 11
KUMI KI HE TUPUʻANGA ʻO E TAʻUMOTUʻÁ ʻI HE ʻAHO NÍ
Ko e kau faisaienisi ʻoku nau ako ki he sela ʻi he sino ʻo e tangatá ʻoku nau haʻu mo ha ngaahi fakakaukau ʻe 300 tupu ke fakamatalaʻiʻaki ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻoku tau tupu ai ʻo motuʻa pea maté. ʻI he ngaahi taʻu ki mui ní, ko e kau faisaienisi ki he faʻunga ʻo e ngaahi sela ʻi hotau sinó kuo nau lavameʻa ʻi hono kiʻi fakalōloa atu ʻa e ngaahi sela ʻo e fanga manú mo e tangatá ke nau kiʻi moʻui fuoloa atu. Ko e ngaahi fakalakalaka ko iá ʻokú ne ʻai ai ʻa e niʻihi ke nau fakapaʻanga ʻa e fekumi ki he “palopalema ko e maté.” Ko e hā ʻa e tataki kuo ngāueʻaki ʻe he kau fekumi ko iá?
Feinga ke fakalōloa ʻa e moʻuí. Ko e kau faipaiolosī ʻe niʻihi ʻoku nau tui ko e kī tefito ki he taʻumotuʻá ʻoku tupu ia mei he kalasi ʻe taha ʻo hotau selá ʻoku ui ko e telomeres. Ko e telomeres ʻokú ne maluʻi ʻa e ngaahi fakamatala ʻi hotau selá ʻi he taimi ʻoku fakafanau aí. Ka ʻi he taimi taki taha ʻoku mavaeua ai ʻa e fanga kiʻi selá, ʻoku nounou ange ai ʻa e telomeres. Faifai atu pē, ʻoku ʻikai toe mavaeua ʻa e fanga kiʻi selá pea hoko ai ʻa e taʻumotuʻá.
ʻI he 2009 naʻe maʻu ai ʻe Elizabeth Blackburn mo ʻene timí ha pale ki heʻenau ʻiloʻi ʻa e ʻenisaime ʻokú ne fakalōloa ʻa e telomeres, ʻokú ne fakasiʻisiʻi ai ʻa e motuʻa ʻa e fanga kiʻi selá. Kae kehe, ʻoku fakamoʻoniʻi ʻi heʻenau līpōtí ko e telomeres “ʻoku ʻikai ko ha fakalōloa fakaemana ia ʻo ʻetau moʻuí—ʻoku ʻikai ke ne ʻai ai ke tau moʻui ʻo fakalaka atu ʻi he lōloa ʻo e moʻui ʻoku totonu ke tau maʻú.”
Ko hono toe fakapolokalamaʻi ʻo e selulaá ko e toe meʻa ia ʻe taha ʻokú ne taʻofi ʻa e taʻumotuʻá. ʻI he taimi ʻoku kamata ke motuʻa ai hotau ngaahi selá ke fakafanaú, te nau ʻave nai ha fekau hala ki hotau sela maluʻi ofi tahá, ʻo tupu ai ʻa e fefulofulai, langa lahi mo e mahakí. Ki muí ni mai, ko e kau faisaienisi ʻi Falaniseé kuo nau toe fakapolokalamaʻi ʻa e ngaahi sela kuo toʻo mei he sino ʻo e kakai taʻumotuʻá, ko e niʻihi ʻoku taʻu 100 pe motuʻa ange. Ko e taki ʻi he timi fekumí, ko Palōfesa Jean-Marc Lemaître, naʻá ne fakahaaʻi ko ʻenau ngāué ʻoku fakahaaʻi ai ʻa e “toe fakafoki ʻo e taʻumotuʻa” ʻi he ngaahi selá.
ʻOKU LAVA KE FAKALŌLOA ʻE HE SAIENISÍ ʻETAU MOʻUÍ?
ʻOku ʻikai ke tui tatau ʻa e kau faisaienisi kotoa ko e faitoʻo ki he taʻumotuʻá ʻoku lava ke ne fakalōloa ʻa e moʻui ʻa e tangatá ʻo fakalaka atu ia ʻi he lōloa ʻo ʻetau taʻumotuʻa ʻi he ʻaho ní. Ko e moʻoni, ko e lōloa ʻo ʻetau moʻuí kuo māmālie ʻene ʻalu ke toe nounou angé talu mei he senituli 19. Ka ʻoku fekauʻaki eni mo e tuʻunga maʻá, ngaahi lavameʻa ʻi hono ngāueʻaki ʻo e ngaahi mahaki pipihí, pea mo hono ngāueʻaki ʻo e faitoʻo tāmate siemú (antibiotics). ʻOku tui ʻa e kau faisaienisi ʻoku nau ako ki he ngaahi kēnisí ko e fuoloa ʻo e moʻui ʻa e tangatá ʻe tatau ai pē.
Fakafuofua ki he taʻu ʻe 3,500 kuohilí, naʻe fakahaaʻi ʻe he tokotaha hiki Tohi Tapu ko Mōsesé: “Ko e lōloa ʻo ʻemau moʻuí ko e taʻu ʻe 70, pe 80 kapau ʻokú te mātuʻaki mālohi. Ka ʻoku fonu ia ʻi he faingataʻa mo e mamahi; ʻoku puli vave ia, pea ʻoku mau puna atu.” (Saame 90:10) Neongo ʻa e feinga ʻa e tangatá ke fakalōloa ʻetau moʻuí, ʻe kei tatau pē ʻa e moʻuí mo ia naʻe fakamatalaʻi ʻe Mōsesé.
ʻI he tafaʻaki ʻe tahá, ko e vaná mo e kalasi ʻe taha ʻo e fingotá (quahog clam) ʻoku lava ke nau moʻui atu ʻi ha taʻu ʻe 200 tupu, ko e ʻuluʻakau lalahi ʻaupitó ʻoku lava ke nau moʻui ʻi ha laui afeʻi taʻu. ʻI heʻetau fakahoa atu ʻetau moʻuí mo e taha ʻo e ngaahi meʻamoʻui ko ení, ʻoku tau fifili nai, ‘Ko ʻetau moʻuí ʻoku taʻu pē ʻe 70 pe 80?’