Ko e Fonua ʻo e Paʻanga Lahí
Mei he tokotaha-tohi ʻĀ Hake! ʻi Kuamu
ʻI HE ʻŌseni Pasifiki lahi kāfakafá, te ke maʻu ai ʻa Iepi. Ko hono fakaʻofoʻofa fakatalopikí pea mo hono ʻea fakalatá ʻokú ne ʻai ai ʻa e fanga kiʻi pupunga motú ni ko ha taulanga fakafiefia ki he kau folau ko ia ʻoku nau fekumi ki ha tuʻunga mavahe fakaekinautolu peé. Ka ʻoku faʻa ʻohovale ʻa e kau ʻaʻahí ʻi he moʻoniʻi meʻa ko ia ʻo hono tuku ʻe he kakaí ʻenau paʻangá ʻi he halá. Pea ko e paʻanga lahi eni!
ʻI he kotoa ʻo e ʻotu motú, te ke fakatokangaʻi ai ha ngaahi lauʻi peleti maka ʻi muʻa ʻi he ngaahi falé pea mo e ngaahi veʻe halá. Ko e ngaahi lauʻi peleti ko ení, ʻoku ui ko e rai ʻi he lea fakalotofonuá, ʻoku faʻuʻaki ia ʻa e paʻanga tuʻufonua ʻa Iepí. Neongo ʻoku tauhi ʻe he kakai ʻe niʻihi ʻa ʻenau paʻanga maká ʻi ʻapi, ko e tokolahi tahá ʻoku nau ngāueʻaki ʻa e fanga kiʻi feituʻu pau ʻi he koló ko e “ʻū pangikē.” ʻI he ngaahi fokotuʻutuʻu ko ení, ʻoku ʻikai ha kau leʻo ai ke leʻohi pea ʻoku ʻikai ha kau tela ai ke nau tokoni ki he kau kasitomaá. ʻE ʻikai nai te ke maʻu ai naʻa mo ha fale. ʻI he ʻikai ke tauhi malu ʻa e paʻangá ʻi ha ngaahi loki tukuʻanga paʻangá, ʻoku tauhi ʻe he “ʻū pangikē” ko ení ʻenau paʻangá ʻi tuʻa. ʻOku fakafalala ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi lauʻi peleti maka lahi ange ki he ʻulu niú mo e ʻū holisí pe ʻaá, ʻo taki taha ʻi ai hono foʻi ava ʻi loto-mālie. Ko e ngaahi konga ko ení ʻoku aʻu ki he mita ʻe 4 honau taiamitá pea ʻoku lava ke nau mamafa ange he toni ʻe nimá.
ʻI he feituʻu ʻokú ke nofo aí, te ke ʻave nai ʻi ho kató ha ngaahi koini, ka ʻi hení, ko e ngaahi koiní ia ʻoku fuʻu lalahi ʻo ʻikai lava ai ke nau hao ʻi ha kā. Kuo ʻikai ha taha ʻi he paʻanga maka ko ení naʻe toe ngaohi talu mei he 1931. Neongo ia, ʻoku kei tali fakalao pē ia ko e paʻanga ʻi he ʻotu motú. Naʻe anga-fēfē ʻa e ʻi ai ʻa e paʻanga anga-kehe ko ení?
Ko Hono Maʻu ha Koloa Faingataʻa
Fakatatau ki he talatupuʻá, ʻi he taimi fuoloá, naʻe tūʻuta ai ha kulupu ʻo e kau folau Iepi ʻi he motu ko Palaú pea nau maʻu mei ai ha ngaahi maka fakaʻofoʻofa. Naʻa nau foki mo ia ki Iepi, pea naʻe fili ai ʻe he kakaí ke ngāueʻaki ia ko ha paʻanga. Naʻa nau kamata ke tā tongitongi ʻa e ngaahi maká ki ha ngaahi lauʻi peleti ʻi he fuo ʻo e māhina kātoá kae ʻi ai hono foʻi ava ʻi loto-mālie.
Naʻe mātuʻaki filifili ʻaupito ʻa e kau Iepí ʻi he fekauʻaki mo e meʻangāue naʻa nau ngāueʻakí. Naʻa nau fili ʻa e ngaahi minulolo ko ia ʻoku tau ʻiloʻi ʻi he taimí ni ko e ʻalakonaití mo e kalasaití. Ko e ʻalakonaití, ʻa ia ʻoku maʻu ʻi he ngaahi efuefuʻi kemikale ʻi he kelekelé, ko ha meʻa tefito ia ʻoku toe maʻu ʻi he ngaahi foʻi mataʻi tofé, pea ko e kalasaití ko e konga tefito ia ʻi he māpelé. ʻOkú na hā fakaʻofoʻofa fakatouʻosi ʻi hono tā tongitongi pōtoʻí, ka ʻoku ʻikai maʻu ha taha ʻo kinaua ʻi Iepi. Ko ia ai, naʻe hokohoko ʻalu ʻa e kau Iepí ki Palau ke maʻu mai ha ngaahi maka. ʻOku tuʻu ʻa Palau ʻi he kilomita nai ʻe 400 ki he tonga-hahake ʻo Iepí, ko ha fononga vakavakaʻāmei toho pōpao ia ʻi he ʻaho ʻe nima ʻo fou ʻi he ngaahi tahi fakatuʻutāmakí.
ʻI Palaú, naʻe maʻu ʻe he kau Iepí ʻa e ngofua mei he ʻeiki ʻo e feituʻú pea nau kamata leva ʻa e ngāue ko hono keli hake ʻa e maka fefeká. ʻI hono ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi meʻangāue nima fakakuongamuʻá, naʻa nau tutuʻu ʻa e ngaahi fuʻu lauʻi maka lafalafa mei he ngaahi ʻana ʻi lalofonuá pea tā tongitongi ʻa e ngaahi maka lafalafá ki ha fuo lauʻi peleti. Ke tā tongitongi ha foʻi konga paʻanga pē ʻe taha, ko hono taá mo hono tutuʻú naʻe hokohoko atu ia ʻi he laulaui māhina pea aʻu ʻi he taimi ʻe niʻihi ki ha ngaahi taʻu!
Naʻe avangi ʻa e ngaahi foʻi ava ʻi he ngaahi fuʻu maká ke hao ai ʻa e ngaahi fuʻu ʻakau fefeka ʻa ia naʻe lava ke fetukuʻaki ʻa e ngaahi maká ki he matāfangá. ʻI aí naʻe fakaheka ai ʻa e ngaahi paʻanga ʻosi tā tongitongi foʻoú ki he ʻū pōpaó pe ʻū vakavakaʻāmei kofé. Ke fakafolau ha fuʻu konga lahi, naʻe fokotuʻu ia ki ʻolunga ʻe he kau ngāué ʻi he vaí pea nau langa takatakai leva ai ha fuʻu vakavakaʻāmei lahi. ʻI he angimui ʻa e matangí pea ʻi he ʻaʻalo mālohí, ne nau toho leva ai ʻa e vakavakaʻāmei naʻe fakaheka ai ʻa e paʻanga tā tongitongi foʻoú ʻo foki ki Iepi.
Ko e kotoa ʻo e ngaahi ngāue ko ení naʻe fakahoko nima pē, pea naʻe fakatuʻutāmaki ʻa e foʻi ngāué. Ko e moʻoni, naʻe lavelavea pe mate ʻa e tokolahi lolotonga ʻa hono tutuʻu mo hono hiki holo ko ia ʻo e ngaahi fuʻu konga maka lahi faufauá ʻi he fonua mōmoá. Pea naʻe toe ʻi ai foki ʻa e ngaahi fakatuʻutāmaki ʻo e folau ko ia ʻo foki ki Iepí. ʻOku ʻasi hake ʻa e paʻanga maká mei he kilisi tahi takatakai ʻi Iepi mo Palaú, ʻa ia ʻoku fakahaaʻi ai ko e paʻangá mo e faʻahinga naʻa nau toho ʻa e paʻangá naʻe ʻikai te nau aʻu hao moʻui kotoa ki Iepi. Ka neongo ia, ko e paʻanga ngoto ko iá, ko e meʻa ia ʻa e tokotaha ʻi Iepi. ʻOku mahuʻinga tatau pē ia mo e ngaahi lauʻi peleti maka ʻi he fonua mōmoá.
ʻOku Fiha Hono Mahuʻingá?
Hili hano fakahoko ha alea pisinisi ʻa ia ʻoku foaki ai ʻa e rai ke maʻu ʻe ha tokotaha foʻou, ʻoku faʻa tuku ai pē ʻe he tokotaha foʻou ʻoku ʻaʻaná ʻa e ngaahi fuʻu maká ʻi honau muʻaki tuʻuʻangá. Ko e lahi ʻo e ngaahi fuʻu maká kuo nau ʻi honau tuʻuʻanga lolotongá ʻi he ngaahi laui hongofuluʻi taʻu pea ʻoku nau mamaʻo ʻaupito mei he ngaahi ʻapi ʻo e faʻahinga ʻoku ʻanautolu lolotongá. ʻOku ʻikai ko ha palopalema ai ʻa e kaihaʻá ia.
Kapau kuo fakapapauʻi ʻe ha kaihaʻa ke kaihaʻasi ha koini maka, kuo pau ke ne ʻuluaki feinga ke maʻu ʻa e mālohi ke toʻo iá pea mo e mata-fefeka feʻunga ke fai pehē. ʻE faingataʻa ange ʻa e tuʻunga hono uá, koeʻuhí he ʻoku ʻiloʻi ʻe he ngaahi kaungāʻapí ia ʻa e tokotaha ʻoku ʻoʻona ʻa e maka taki taha, pea ʻoku nau maʻu ʻa e ʻapasia loloto ki he ngaahi totonu ʻoku maʻu ki ha koloá.
ʻOku anga-fēfē hoʻo fakapapauʻi ʻa e mahuʻinga ʻo ha konga paʻanga maka? ʻUluakí, te ke fakatokangaʻi hono lahí, ko hono fakaʻofoʻofa fakanatulá pea mo e tuʻunga lelei ʻo hono tā tongitongí. Te ke fakakaukau leva ki hono hisitōliá. Ko e hā hono motuʻá? Naʻe mātuʻaki faingataʻa nai hono kelí mo hono tā tongitongí? Naʻe fakatuʻutāmaki pe mole nai ha ngaahi moʻui ʻi he taimi naʻe ʻave ai ia ʻe he kau tangatá ʻi heʻenau folau ki Iepí? Fakaʻosí, ko e hā ʻa e tuʻunga fakasōsiale ʻo e faʻahinga ko ia naʻa nau kau ʻi he fefakatauʻakí? Ko e paʻanga maka ʻoku maʻu ʻe ha ʻeikí ʻoku lahi ange hono mahuʻingá ʻona ʻi he meʻa ko ia ʻoku maʻu ʻe ha lāuvalé.
ʻI he 1960, ʻi he taimi naʻe fakatau ai ʻe ha pangikē muli ha konga paʻanga maka naʻe mita ʻe 1.5 ʻa hono taiamitá, naʻe hoko ai ʻo ʻiloʻi ʻa e hisitōlia ʻo e konga paʻanga maka ko iá ʻi tuʻapuleʻanga. Ngalingali naʻe vilo takai ia talu mei he 1880 tupú. Naʻe hoko ia ʻi he taimi ʻe taha ko e totongi ki ha kau ngāue ʻi hono langa ʻo ha fale. ʻI he toe taimi ʻe taha naʻe foaki ai ia ʻe he kakai ʻo ha kolo ʻe taha ki he kakai ʻi he kolo kaungāʻapí ki heʻenau fakahoko ʻo ha foʻi tauʻolunga makehe. Pea ki mui aí naʻe fakafetongiʻaki ia ʻe ha tokotaha-ʻapi ki ha ngaahi kapa ʻato. Ko e kotoa ʻo e ngaahi fakahoko pisinisí ni naʻe fai ia ʻo ʻikai ueʻi ʻa e maká mei hono muʻaki tuʻuʻangá, pea naʻe ʻikai ke tauhi ha ngaahi lēkooti naʻe hiki. Ko e tokotaha ʻoku ʻaʻaná mo e hisitōlia ʻo e koiní naʻe ʻilolahia ia ʻi Iepi.
ʻIkai Lelei Ange Maʻu Pē ʻa e Lahi Angé
ʻI he taimi naʻe ʻuluaki ʻomai ai ʻa e rai ʻi he laui teau taʻu kuohilí, naʻe hāhāmolofia ʻaupito ʻa e ngaahi koini maká pea mahuʻinga, ʻa ia ko e houʻeikí pē ne lava ke nau maʻu iá. Pea ʻi he konga ki mui ʻo e sentuli hono 19, ko e ngaahi meʻangāue ukameá mo e ngaahi vaka uta koloá naʻá nau ʻai ke ala lava ʻo tā tongitongi ai mo fakafolau ʻa e toe ngaahi koini peheni lahi ange, kau ai ʻa e ngaahi koini lalahí. Lolotonga ʻoku lalahi ange ʻa e ngaahi konga foʻou angé ʻi he ngaahi konga motuʻa angé, ʻoku siʻi ange honau mahuʻingá, koeʻuhí naʻe ʻikai faʻu kinautolu ʻi he founga tukufakaholó mo toe faingataʻa angé.
ʻI he 1929 naʻe fakahaaʻi ai ʻi hano lau fakapuleʻanga naʻe ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi fuʻu maka ʻe 13,281—ʻo lahi ange ia ʻi he tokolahi ʻo e kau nofo ʻi he ʻotu motú! Naʻe liliu ia ʻi he Tau II ʻa Māmaní. Naʻe faʻao fakamālohi ʻe he kau taú ʻa e paʻanga maka lahi pea fahi ʻa e niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi maká ke langaʻaki ʻa e ngaahi tōʻanga vakapuna mo e ngaahi kolotau. Ko e vaeua pē ʻo e ngaahi maka lauʻi peletí naʻe kei haó. Pea naʻe ʻave ʻa e ngaahi lauʻi maka lahi ʻe he kau kumi suveniá mo e kau tānaki koloa tāutahá. ʻI he ʻahó ni, ʻoku vakai ʻa e Puleʻangá ki he paʻanga maká ko ha koloa fakafonua ia pea ʻoku fai hono maluʻi fakalao.
ʻI Iepi, ʻoku ʻikai ke tupu ʻa e paʻangá ia ʻi he ʻulu ʻakaú, pea ʻoku ʻikai tanu ʻa e ngaahi halá ʻaki ʻa e koulá. Ka ʻoku kei tuku pē ʻe he kakaí ʻenau koloá ʻi he halá ke mamata ki ai ʻa e tokotaha kotoa!
[Mape ʻi he peesi 26]
(Ki he konga tohi kuo fokotuʻu kakato, sio ki he tohi)
Siapani
ʻŌSENI PASIFIKI
ʻOtu Motu Filipaini
Saipeni
Kuamu
Iepi
Palau
[Maʻuʻanga]
Kolope: Mountain High Maps® Copyright © 1997 Digital Wisdom, Inc.
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 27]
“Pangikē” paʻanga maka
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 28]
Ko e niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi konga paʻanga ʻi Iepí ʻoku lava ke mamafa ange ia ʻi he toni ʻe nimá