Jerusalemu—“Munzi Wamwami Mupati”
“Utakonki pe . . . ku-Jerusalemu, nkaambo ngumunzi wamwami mupati.”—MATAYO 5:34, 35.
1, 2. Ncinzi cinga cagambya bamwi kujatikizya Jerusalemu?
JERUSALEMU—eeli zina lilabajatikizya bantu bamuzikombelo ziindene-indene. Atwaambe taakwe naba omwe wandiswe uunga tabikkili maanu kumunzi ooyu wansiku, nkaambo ulaambwa kanjikanji mumakani. Pele mukubula coolwe, makani manji aamvwugwa kujatikizya munzi oyu ngakuti tabuli busena bwaluumuno lyoonse pe.
2 Eeci inga cabagambya basikubala Bbaibbele. Ikaindi izina lya Jerusalemu lifwaafwi lyakali kutegwa Salemu, icaamba “luumuno.” (Matalikilo 14:18; Intembauzyo 76:2; Ba-Hebrayo 7:1, 2) Aboobo eeci inga capa kuti mulibuzye kuti, ‘Ino nkaambo nzi munzi uujisi zina eli ncowatajisi luumuno caino-ino?’
3. Nkuukuli nkotunga twajana makani aakasimpe kujatikizya Jerusalemu?
3 Ikutegwa twiingule mubuzyo oyo, tweelede kujokela munsi kapati tuzibe cakali kucitika mu Jerusalemu yansiku. Pele bamwi balakonzya kuyeeya kuti ‘Nkulisowela ciindi kwiiya zyansiku.’ Nokuba boobo cilatugwasya kuziba bwini kujatikizya cakali kucitika mu Jerusalemu yansiku. Ibbaibbele lilaamba ncociyandika eco mumajwi aakuti: “Makani aali boobo aakalembwa kalekale, nkukwiiya kwesu nkwaakalembelwa, kuti kubukakatilo akubukombelezyo bwamalembe tujane bulangizi bwakutontozya moyo.” (Ba-Roma 15:4) Iluzibo lwa Bbaibbele ilujatikizya Jerusalemu inga lwatutontozya—talukootupa buyo bulangizi bwaluumuno mumunzi oyo pele amunyika yoonse mbwiizulwa.
Mpaakali ‘Cuuno ca-Jehova’
4, 5. Ndubazu nzi Davida ndwaakajisi mukucita kuti munzi wa Jerusalemu ube alubazu lupati mukuzuzikizigwa kwamakanze aa Leza?
4 Mumwaanda wamyaka wa 11 B.C.E., Jerusalemu wakabaa mpuwo nyika yoonse mbwiizulwa kuti ngomunzi mupati wacisi caluumuno acakuliiba. Jehova Leza wakacita kuti Davida mukubusi ananikwe abe mwami wamusyobo wansiku—wa Israyeli. Mbwaanga mfwulumende yakali mu Jerusalemu, Davida abazyalani lyakwe ‘bakazikukkala acuuno cabwami bwa-Jehova.’—1 Makani 28:5; 29:23.
5 Davida mwaalumi iwakali kuyoowa Leza—muna Israyeli wamusyobo wa Juda—wakazunda Jerusalemu kuzwa kumaanzaa ba Jebusi bakali kukomba mituni. Eco ciindi munzi wakali buyo amulundu wiitwa kuti Zioni, pele elyo zina lyakazi kubelesegwa akuli Jerusalemu. Kwiinde ciindi Davida wakalonzya bbokesi lyacizuminano ca Leza a Israyeli walitola ku Jerusalemu nkolyakaakubikkwa mutente. Myaka iili mboibede kayiindide Leza wakali kwaambaulaa Musa musinsimi wakwe mukkumbi kuzwaa atalaa bbokesi eelyo lisetekene. (Kulonga 25:1, 21, 22; Levitiko 16:2; 1 Makani 15:1-3) Eeli Bbokesi lyakali kwiiminina kubako kwa Leza, nkaambo Jehova ngowakali Mwami wini-wini wa Israyeli. Aboobo munzila zyobile, inga kwaambwa kuti Jehova Leza wakali kweendelezya kuzwa mumunzi wa Jerusalemu.
6. Ncisyomezyo nzi Jehova ncaakapa kujatikizya Davida a Jerusalemu?
6 Jehova wakasyomezya Davida kuti bwami bwaŋanda yakwe ibwakali kwiimininwaa Zioni naa Jerusalemu tabukamani. Eci cakali kwaamba kuti muzukulu wa Davida nguuyookona ceelelo cakulela kukabe kutamani, Munanike wa Leza—Mesiya naa Kristo.a (Intembauzyo 132:11-14; Luka 1:31-33) Ibbaibbele alimwi litondezya kuti ooyu sikukona ‘bwami bwa-Jehova’ uyoolela misyobo yoonse, takaleli buyo Jerusalemu.—Intembauzyo 2:6-8; Daniele 7:13, 14.
7. Mbuti Mwami Davida mbwaakasumpula bukombi busalala?
7 Boonse bakali kusoleka kwaatula munanike wa Leza Mwami Davida bakaalilwa. Pele misyobo yabasinkondonyina njoyakazundwa, aboobo nyika yoonse Leza njaakasyomezezye yakaba mumaanzaakwe. Iciimo eci Davida wakacibelesya kusumpula bukombi busalala. Intembauzyo zinji zya Davida nzyakutembaula Jehova kuti ngo Mwami wini-wini mu Zioni.—2 Samuele 8:1-15; Intembauzyo 9:1, 11; 24:1, 3, 7-10; 65:1, 2; 68:1, 24, 29; 110:1, 2; 122:1-4.
8, 9. Mbuti bukombi bwakasimpe mu Jerusalemu mbobwakakomena mubulelo bwa Mwami Solomoni?
8 Ibukombi bwa Jehova bwakayaambele ciindi cabweendelezi bwa Solomoni mwanaa Davida. Solomoni wakaikomezya Jerusalemu mane kuyakubikkilizya amulundu wa Moriya (busena ibwiitwa kuti Dome of the Rock sunu). Wakapegwa coolwe cakuyaka tempele libotu kapati lyakaleta bulemu kuli Jehova aamulundu ooyu. Ibbokesi lyacizuminano lyakabikkwa mubusena busalalisya bwatempele eli.—1 Bami 6:1-38.
9 Musyobo wa Israyeli wakali muluumuno nobakali kusumpula bukombi bwa Jehova ibwakali mu Jerusalemu. Magwalo acipandulula kabotu ciimo ncobakabede, ategwa: “Ba-Juda aba-Israyeli kabali banji-banji, bakavula mbubonya mbuuvula musenga wakunkomwe yalwizi. Bakali kulya akunywa akusekelela . . . Alimwi [Solomoni] kakede aluumuno kumabazu oonse. Ba-Juda aba-Israyeli bakali kukala cakuliiba, umwi aumwi ulikede munsi lyamusaansa wakwe alyamukuyu wakwe.”—1 Bami 4:20, 24, 25.
10, 11. Mbuti lwiiyo lwabukkale bwansiku ilujatikizya kufwumba zintu zyakasiigwa abansiku mbolusinizya caamba Bbaibbele kujatikizya Jerusalemu ciindi ncaakali kweendelezya Solomoni?
10 Ilwiiyo lwabukkale bwansiku ilujatikizya kufwumba zintu zyakasiigwa abansiku lulaasinizya makani aaya aapandulula bulelo bwa Solomoni bwakazwidilide. Mubbuku lyakwe litegwa The Archaeology of the Land of Israel, Professor Yohanan Aharoni waamba kuti: “Ibuvwubi ibwakali kuletwa kuŋanda yamwami kuzwa mumabazu oonse alimwi abusambazi ibwakazwidilide . . . bwakapa kuti zintu zicince kufwambaana akuti koonse-koonse lusumpuko mubukkale bwabantu lulibonye . . . Ilusumpuko mubukkale bwabantu . . . talulibonyi buyo muzintu zidula, lulalibonya amuzintu nzyobakali kubumba. . . . Ilukaye mboluboneka alimwi ambolwakaumpililwa kabotu kapati.”
11 Awalo Jerry M. Landay wakalemba kuti: “Mubweendelezi bwa Solomoni, kwakaba lusumpuko lwabukkale mu Israyeli mumyaka iili makumi otatwe kwiinda mumyaka iili myaanda yobile yakaindide. Aamatongo aa Solomoni, tujana mayake mapati kapati, minzi mipati yabulambo bupati cini-cini, maanda aayakidwe kabotu mwakali kukkala bavwubi, tubona citondezyo cakuti babumbi bakazikwiiziba kapati milimo yabo. Acimbi ncotujana nzibelesyo zyakacaala izyacitondezyo cazintu zyakabambilwa kumasena aakule, izitondezyo zyabusambazi bwakali kucitika akati kazisi.”—The House of David.
Ibusena Ibwakali Bwaluumuno Lyaba Tongo
12, 13. Mbuti bukombi bwakasimpe mbobwatakazumanana kusumpulwa mu Jerusalemu?
12 Munzi wa Jerusalemu ibwakali busena bwacikombelo ca Jehova wakali kweelede kupaililwa kuti ube aluumuno alimwi uzwidilile. Davida wakalemba kuti: “Amukombele Jerusalemu, ube aluumuno. Babe acoolwe boonse bakuyandisya! Kube luumuno mukati kamalambo aako, acoolwe mukati kamaanda aako aabwami! Nkaambo kabakwesu abeenzuma, ndaamba kuti, Luumuno lube mukati kako!” (Intembauzyo 122:6-8) Nokuba kuti Solomoni wakajisi coolwe cakuyaka tempele libotu mumunzi ooyo waluumuno, wakazookwata bamakaintu banji bamasi. Bakamuyunga kusumpula bukombi bwabaleza bakubeja baciindi eco mubucembele bwakwe. Oolu luleyo lwakasofwaazya musyobo oonse, eci cakapa kuti kutabi luumuno lwini-lwini mumunzi.—1 Bami 11:1-8; 14:21-24.
13 Kumatalikilo aabulelo bwamwanaa Solomoni uutegwa Reboamu, misyobo iili kkumi yakazanga akubamba Bwami bwakunyika ibwa Israyeli. Leza wakazumizya kuti bwami obo bwaatulwe aba Asuri akaambo kakukomba nkobakali kukomba mituni bantu bamumo. (1 Bami 12:16-30) Ibwami bwakumusanza bwamisyobo yobile bwa Juda bwakazumanana mu Jerusalemu. Pele abwalo bwakazikuzangila bukombi busalala, elyo Leza wakaulekela kuti unyonyoonwe munzi ooyu muzangi kubana Babuloni mu 607 B.C.E. Ba Juda bakakkala mubuzike ku Babuloni kwamyaka iili 70. Mpoonya Leza muluse lwakwe wakabazumizya kuti babweede ku Jerusalemu bakatalisye bukombi bwakasimpe alimwi.—2 Makani 36:15-21.
14, 15. Mbuti munzi wa Jerusalemu mbowakabweeda aciimo cipati ncowakajisi kuzwa ciindi cabuzike ku Babuloni, pele ino ncinzi cakacinca?
14 Noyakainda myaka iili 70, aamatongo kweelede kuti kwakazula buyo nsaku. Ibulambo bwa Jerusalemu bwakakomauka, kwakaba myaako mipati mumasena mwakali zitendele angazi zyakali kutabilila. Nokuba boobo ba Juda ibakali kubweeda bakabaa camba. Bakayaka cipaililo abusena aakali tempele akutalika kutuula zipaizyo kuli Jehova buzubaa buzuba.
15 Nokuba kuti bakatalika kabotu, ooyu munzi wa Jerusalemu wakabweedezegwa taakwe alimwi nowakali kuzooba musemu wabwami imwakali kuzookkala muzukulu wa Mwami Davida acuuno cabwami. Pele ba Juda bakali kulelwaa mweendelezi iwakabikkwaa basikuzunda Babuloni alimwi bakali kubbadela mitelo kuli basimalelaabo bana Persia. (Nehemiya 9:34-37) Nokuba kuti munzi wa Jerusalemu wakali muciimo ‘cakulyataulwa,’ wakacili munzi ulikke wakapedwe coolwe kuli Jehova Leza nyika yoonse mbwiizulwa. (Luka 21:24) Mbwaanga momwakali bukombi busalala, munzi oyu alimwi wakali kwiiminina ceelelo ca Leza cakulela nyika kwiinda muzyalani lya Mwami Davida.
Bakazigwa Abasimukobonyina Babukombi Bwakubeja
16. Nkaambo nzi ba Juda ibakabweeda kuzwa ku Babuloni ncobakaleka kuyakulula Jerusalemu?
16 Ba Juda ibakabweedelede ku Jerusalemu kuzwa kubuzike bakatalika kuyaka tempele lipya. Pele basimukobonyina ibakali kukomba cikombelo cakubeja bakalemba lugwalo ku Mwami Aristasasta lwakutamikizya ba Juda kuti bakali kuyanda kuzanga. Elyo, Aristasasta wakaulesya mulimo wakuyaka mu Jerusalemu. Amweezeezye kuti nomwakali kupona ciindi eco, nomwakalibuzya naa zyakali kunooba buti zintu kumbele kujatikizya Jerusalemu. Mbweena mbuli mbokwakali kulangilwa, bama Juda bakaleka kuyaka tempele batalika kubikkila buyo maanu kuzintu zyabo zyakumubili.—Ezara 4:11-24; Hagai 1:2-6.
17, 18. Ino Jehova wakabelesya nzi kubona kwaamba kuti Jerusalemu wayakululwa?
17 Nokwakainda myaka iili 17 kuzwa ciindi nobakabweeda, Leza wakatuma basinsimi ba Hagai a Zakariya kuti balulamike kuyeeya kwabantu. Ba Juda bakeempwa batalika kuyakulula tempele. Pele ciindi eci, Dariyo wakaba mwami wa Persia. Wakausinizya mulawo ngwaakapa Koresi wakuti tempele lya Jerusalemu liyakululwe. Dariyo wakalemba lugwalo kuli basimukobonyina aaba Juda wabacenjezya kuti ‘bazwe ku Jerusalemu’ akuti kabagwasilizya kumali aazwa kumutelo wamwami kutegwa mulimo wakuyaka ukonzye kumana.—Ezara 6:1-13.
18 Ba Juda bakamanizya kuyaka tempele mumwaka wa 22 kabali babweeda. Mbuli mbomuzi, eeci cintu cipati cakali kuzooleta kusekelela kapati. Pele munzi wa Jerusalemu abulambo bwawo zyakacinyonyookede. Munzi wakabambululwa “mumazuba aa-Nehemiya mweendelezi a-Ezara mupaizi mulembi.” (Nehemiya 12:26, 27) Kulibonya kuti Jerusalemu wakamanina limwi kuyakululwa waba munzi mupati wansiku kumamanino aamwaanda wamyaka wasanu B.C.E.
Mesiya Walibonya!
19. Mbuti Mesiya mbwaakacaamba ciimo cilibedelede ca Jerusalemu?
19 Pele myaanda yamyaka imwi atwiisotoke tuye kumbele tusike kucintu cakacitika icipati kapati, ikuzyalwa kwa Jesu Kristo. Mungelo wa Jehova Leza wakaambilide banyina Jesu iwakali nakalindu kuti: “Jehova Leza uzoomupa cuuno cabwami cawisi Davida, . . . ubwami bwakwe tabukooyoomana.” (Luka 1:32, 33) Imyaka yakatobela, Jesu wakabandika Makani aadumide aa Mulundu. Mumakani aaya, wakakulwaizya akulaya muzintu zinji. Mucikozyanyo, wakalailila baswiilizi bakwe kuzuzikizya zikonko zyabo kuli Leza akuti bacenjele batanooide buyo kukonka cikonke-konke. Jesu wakati: “Mwakamvwa bantu bakalekale mbubakaambilwa kuti, Utakonki cakubeja, ucitile Jehova mbubonya obo mbuwakakonkezya. Mebo ndamwaambila kuti, Utakonki pe, nikuba buniini, nikuba kujulu, nkaambo ncicuuno cabwami bwa-Leza, nikuba kunyika, nkaambo ncicuuno camaulu aakwe, nikuba ku-Jerusalemu, nkaambo ngumunzi wamwami mupati.” (Matayo 5:33-35) Mbuli mbutwabona, Jesu wakaamba kuti Jerusalemu mmunzi wakajisi ciimo cilibedelede—wakali muciimo eci kwamyaanda yamyaka. Nkokuti, wakali “munzi wa Mwami mupati,” Jehova Leza.
20, 21. Ino nkucinca nzi kupati kwakacitika mukuyeeya kwabanji bakali kukkala mu Jerusalemu?
20 Ciindi cabuumi bwakwe Jesu bwaansi nocakaamba kusika kumamanino, wakalitondezya kubantu bamu Jerusalemu kuti Mmwami wabo munanike uuzookkala acuuno cabwami. Kuciindi eco cakali kukkomanisya, ibanji bakoongolola cakusekelela, bati: “Uli acoolwe oyu uuboola muzina lya-Jehova. Buli acoolwe Bwami buboola, Bwami bwa-Taateesu Davida.”—Marko 11:1-10; Johane 12:12-15.
21 Nokuba boobo nsondo kaitanaa kwiinda, eezi nkamu zyabantu zyakalizumizya kuyungwa abasololi babukombi bamu Jerusalemu kuti zisandukile Jesu. Wakacenjezya kuti Leza wakali kuzooukaka munzi wa Jerusalemu amusyobo woonse mboubede. (Matayo 21:23, 33-45; 22:1-7) Mucikozyanyo, Jesu wakati: “Ikaka Jerusalemu, Jerusalemu, noojaya basinsimi, akubafusa mabwe abo batumwa kulinduwe! Kanjikanji ndakali kuyanda kubunganya bana bako mbuli inkuku intumbu mbiibunganya twana twayo mumababa aayo, nekubaboobo mwakakaka. Amulange! Iŋanda yanu yasyaala kulindinywe mbuli itongo.” (Matayo 23:37, 38) Muciindi capobwe lya Kwiindilila mu 33 C.E., basinkondonyina Jesu bakamujaya kunze aa Jerusalemu kaatakwe amulandu. Nokuba boobo Jehova wakamubusya Munanike wakwe, wamulemenezya wamupa buumi butafwiki bwakumuuya ku Zioni wakujulu. Toonse tulakonzya kugwasigwa mubulumbu oobu mbwaakajana.—Incito 2:32-36.
22. Ikuzwa ciindi naakafwa Jesu, makani manji akali kujatikizya Jerusalemu munzila nzi?
22 Kuzwa ciindi eco, businsimi bunji ibutanazuzikizigwa kujatikizya Zioni, naa Jerusalemu inga bwateelelwa kuti bujatikizya bubambe bwakujulu naa basikutobela ba Jesu bananike. (Intembauzyo 2:6-8; 110:1-4; Isaya 2:2-4; 65:17, 18; Zekariya 12:3; 14:12, 16, 17) Makani manji aajatikizya “Jerusalemu” naa “Zioni” aakalembwa kuzwa ciindi naakafwa Jesu ngacikozyanyo, elyo taambi munzi wini-wini naa busena. (Ba-Galatiya 4:26; Ba-Hebrayo 12:22; 1 Petro 2:6; Ciyubunuzyo 3:12; 14:1; 21:2, 10) Icisinizyo camamanino cakuti Jerusalemu teewakacili “munzi wa Mwami mupati” cakabonwa mu 70 C.E. ciindi basilumamba bana Roma nobakaunyonyoona munzi oyu mbuli mbokwakasinsimwaa Daniele a Jesu Kristo. (Daniele 9:26; Luka 19:41-44) Nobaba balembi ba Bbaibbele naba Jesu taakwe wakazikusinsima kubweedezegwa kwamunzi wa Jerusalemu waansi kuciimo ncowakajisi cilibedelede cakulongezegwaa Jehova Leza.—Ba-Galatiya 4:25; Ba-Hebrayo 13:14.
Izitondezyo Zyaluumuno Lutamani Iluboola
23. Nkaambo nzi Jerusalemu ncotweelede kuti katucuubikkila maanu?
23 Ikubandika nkotwabandika matalikilo aamunzi wa Jerusalemu waansi, taakwe muntu uunga wakazya kuti munzi oyu wakazuzikizya ncolyaamba zina lyawo—“Busena bwa Luumuno munzila Zyobile”—mubulelo bwa Mwami Solomoni bwakali bwaluumuno. Pele eco cakali buyo citondezyo caluumuno abuvwubi mbobayakubaabo bantu bayanda Leza ibayookkala munyika iiyoosanduka kuba paradaiso.—Luka 23:43.
24. Ncinzi ncotunga twaiya kukulanga zintu mbozyakabede ciindi ncaakali kweendelezya Solomoni?
24 Intembauzyo 72 itondezya zintu mbozyakabede mubulelo bwa Mwami Solomoni. Pele ilwiimbo oolu lubotu ndwabusinsimi bwazilongezyo nzyobayoolongezegwa bantu mubulelo bwakujulu bwa Mesiya, Jesu Kristo. Kujatikizya nguwe, sintembauzyo wakaimba kuti: “Mumazuba aakwe bululami bukomene, aluumuno luvule ciindi coonse mwezi nuuciliwo. . . . Ulavuna bacete nibakwiila, abalo bapengede abaabo babula mugwasyi. Bacete abatengwana ulabafwida luzyalo; buumi bwabacete ulabufutula. Ulanununa buumi bwabo kulupenzyo: Bulowa bwabo bulayandika mumeso aakwe. Maila avule ansi, atala lyazilundu.”—Intembauzyo 72:7, 8, 12-14, 16.
25. Nkaambo nzi ncotweelede kuyanda kwiiya zinji kujatikizya Jerusalemu?
25 Aayo majwi alaumbulizya akupa bulangizi kaka kuli baabo bayanda Leza mu Jerusalemu naa kumbi buyo kuli koonse munyika! Mulakonzya kuba akati kabaabo bayooba muluumuno nyika yoonse mbwiizulwa mu Bwami bwa Leza bwabu Mesiya. Iluzibo lwamakani aansiku aa Jerusalemu inga lwatugwasya kuteelela makanze aa Leza kujatikizya bantu. Izibalo zitobela zilabandika zintu zyakali kucitika mukkumi lyamyaka lyaciloba alya lusele ba Juda nobakabweeda kuzwa kubuzike ku Babuloni. Eeci cilaumbulizya kuli boonse aabo bayanda kukomba Jehova Leza Mwami Mupati munzila njayanda.
Bupanduluzi buyungizidwe
a Imazinaa bulemu aakuti “Mesiya” (ilyakazwa kubbala lya Cihebrayo) alimwi alya Kristo” (ilyakazwa ku Cigiliki) oonse obile aamba “Munanike.”
Sena Mulayeeya?
◻ Mbuti Jerusalemu mbuwakazikuba busena ‘bwacuuno cabwami bwa Jehova’?
◻ Ndubazu nzi lupati Solomoni ndwaakajisi mukusumpula bukombi bwakasimpe?
◻ Ino tuzi buti kuti Jerusalemu taucili munzi wabukombi bwa Jehova?
◻ Nkaambo nzi ncotuciyanda kwiiya zinji kujatikizya Jerusalemu?
[Cifwanikiso icili apeeji 6]
Munzi wa Davida wakali kulubazu lwakumulundu wakumusanza, pele Solomoni wakaukomezya munzi kuyakusika kunyika akuyaka tempele
[Nkotwakajana cifwanikiso icili apeeji 6]
Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.