Te ʼu Faiga Moʼo Fakaliliu He Tohi-Tapu Ki Te Faka Keleka ʼo Totatou Temi

ʼE lagi koutou punamaʼuli anai ʼi te ʼiloʼi ʼi te fenua ʼo Heleni, ʼaē neʼe ʼui neʼe tupu mai ai te manatu faʼifaʼitaliha, neʼe faiga lolotoga he temi loaloaga pea mo faigataʼa ke fakaliliu te Tohi-Tapu ki he lea ʼe mahino kiai te hahaʼi. Kae ko ai koa ʼaē neʼe fakafeagai ki te fakaliliu ʼo he Tohi-Tapu faka Keleka ʼe mahino gafua kiai te hahaʼi? He koʼe koa neʼe fia tāʼofi tona fakaliliu?

NEʼE feala ke manatu he tahi ʼe lahi te ʼu lelei ʼe maʼu e te hahaʼi lea faka Keleka, koteʼuhi neʼe lahi te ʼu koga ʼo te Tohi-Tapu neʼe ʼuluaki tohi ʼi tanatou lea. Kae ko te lea faka Keleka ʼaē ʼe palalauʼi ʼi te temi nei, ʼe kehe ʼaupito ia mo te fakaliliu faka Keleka ʼo te Septante ʼo te ʼu Koga Tohi-Tapu Faka Hepeleo pea mo te faka Keleka ʼo te ʼu Koga Tohi-Tapu Faka Keleka. ʼI tona fakahagatonu, ʼi te ʼu sēkulō e ono ʼaē kua hili, tokolahi te hahaʼi ʼaē ʼe lea faka Keleka neʼe faigataʼa kia nātou tanatou mahino ki te ʼu Tohi-Tapu Faka Keleka, neʼe hage kia nātou ko he tahi ia lea. Neʼe fetogi te ʼu kupu ʼāfea ʼaki te ʼu kupu foʼou, pea neʼe fetogi mo te ʼu kupu, mo te faʼu ʼo te palalau.

Ko te tānaki ʼo te ʼu tuʼuga tohi faka Keleka mai te 3 ki te 16 sēkulō, ʼe fakamoʼoni ai neʼe faigaʼi ke fakaliliu te Septante ki he faʼahiga lea faka Keleka ki muli age. ʼI te tolu sēkulō, ko Grégoire, te ʼēpikopō ʼo Néo-Césarée (mai te taʼu 213 ʼo totatou temi ki te 270 ʼo totatou temi), neʼe ina fakaliliu te tohi ʼo Tagata Tānaki ʼo te Septante ki he lea faka Keleka neʼe faigafua age. ʼI te 11 sēkulō, ko te tagata Sutea ko Tobias ben Eliezer neʼe maʼuli ʼi Masetonia, neʼe ina fakaliliu te Pentateuque ʼo te Septante ki te lea faka Keleka neʼe māhani kiai te hahaʼi. Neʼe ina fakaʼaogaʼi mo te faʼahiga faitohi faka Hepeleo maʼa te kau Sutea Masetonia ʼaē neʼe nātou palalau pe ʼi te faka Keleka kae nātou lau te faʼahiga tohi faka Hepeleo. Neʼe tā te Pentateuque katoa feiā ʼi Constantinople ʼi te taʼu 1547.

Ko He Mālama ʼi Te Lotolotoiga ʼo Te Fakapōʼuli

ʼI te 15 sēkulō, neʼe puleʼi e te kau Ottomans te ʼu fenua ʼaē neʼe lea faka Keleka ʼo te Puleʼaga ʼo Byzance, pea neʼe mole fai he ako ki te hahaʼi. Ko te Lotu Orthodoxe, logola tona ʼu pilivilesio lahi ʼaē neʼe ina maʼu ʼi te Puleʼaga Ottoman, kae neʼe mole kei ina tokagaʼi tana ʼu ōvi ʼo nātou liliu ai ko he ʼu hahaʼi māsisiva pea neʼe mole ako. Neʼe ʼui fēnei e te tagata faitohi Keleka ko Thomas Spelios: “Neʼe fakatuʼutuʼu tāfito e te Lotu Orthodoxe pea mo tana faʼahiga faiako, ke puipui tana hahaʼi tui mai te tuputupu ʼo te Lotu Mahometa pea mo te mafola ʼo te Lotu Katolika Loma. Ko tona fua, neʼe mole hoko atu tana ako te faka Keleka.” ʼI te ʼaluʼaga fakaʼofaʼofa ʼaia, neʼe logoʼi e te hahaʼi ʼaē neʼe ʼoʼofa ki te Tohi-Tapu, te ʼaoga ʼaē ke foaki ki te hahaʼi lotomamahi he fiafia pea mo he fakaloto fīmālie ʼaki te tohi ʼo Pesalemo ʼi te Tohi-Tapu. Mai te taʼu 1543 ki te 1835, neʼe ko fakaliliu e 18 ʼo te ʼu Pesalemo neʼe fai ʼi te lea faka Keleka ʼaē neʼe palalauʼi e te hahaʼi.

Ko te ʼuluaki fakaliliu Faka Keleka ʼo Te Tauhi Foʼou katoa neʼe teuteuʼi ʼi te 1630 e Maxime Callipolitès, ko te monike Keleka ʼo Callipolis. Neʼe fai te gāue ʼaia ʼaki te takitaki pea mo te lagolago ʼa Cyrille Loucaris, ko te ʼēpikopō ʼo Constantinople pea neʼe ko te tagata neʼe ina fia fai he ʼu fetogi ʼi te Lotu Orthodoxe. Kae neʼe ʼi ai te ʼu fili ʼo Loucaris ʼi te lotu, neʼe nātou fakafisi ki te faiga ʼaē ke fai he ʼu fetogi peʼe ko he fakaliliu ʼo te Tohi-Tapu ʼi te lea ʼaē neʼe palalauʼi e te kau Keleka.a Neʼe tukugakoviʼi ko ia ko he tagata kākā pea neʼe tege. Kae ʼi te 1638, neʼe tā te ʼu Tohi-Tapu e 1 500 ʼaē neʼe fakaliliu e Maxime. Ko te meʼa ʼaē neʼe hoko ʼuhi ko te fakaliliu ʼaia, hili taʼu e 34 ki muli age neʼe fai te fono ʼa te lotu Orthodoxe ʼi Selusalemi pea neʼe tala ai, ko te Tohi-Tapu “ ʼe mole tonu ke lau e te hahaʼi fuli pe, kae gata pe kia nātou ʼaē ʼe nātou mahino ki te ʼu meʼa fakalaumālie loloto ʼi tanatou ʼosi fai he ʼu kumi.” Ko tona faka ʼuhiga, neʼe gata pe ki te kau takitaki lotu popoto ʼaē neʼe feala ke nātou lau te Tohi-Tapu.

ʼI te 1703, ko Seraphim, te monike Keleka mai te motu ʼo Lesbos, neʼe ina toe gāueʼi te fakaliliu ʼaē neʼe fai e Maxime pea neʼe faiga ke ina tā ʼi Lonitoni. Neʼe mole fakahoko e te puleʼaga tana fakapapau ʼaē ke tokoni kia ia ʼi te faʼahi ʼo te paʼaga, pea ʼaki tana paʼaga ʼa ia totonu neʼe ina tā te Tohi-Tapu ʼaia. Neʼe mālohi te ʼu ʼuluaki palalau ʼaē neʼe fai e Seraphim ʼi te Tohi-Tapu ʼaia, he neʼe ina fakahā lelei te maʼua ʼaē ki “te kau Kilisitiano loto fakamalotoloto fuli” ke nātou lau te Tohi-Tapu, pea neʼe ina tukugakoviʼi te kau takitaki lotu maʼu tuʼulaga ʼo te lotu ʼi tanatou “fia fufū tanatou ʼu agakovi ʼo mole nātou foaki te mālama ki te hahaʼi.” Koia, neʼe puke ia ia e tona ʼu fili Orthodoxe ʼi Lusia pea mo faka ʼaunofo ʼi Sipelia, ʼaē neʼe mate ai ʼi te 1735.

ʼO ʼuhiga mo te fia ʼiloʼi lahi ʼa te hahaʼi lea faka Keleka te ʼu meʼa fakalaumālie ʼi te temi ʼaia, neʼe ʼui fēnei e te tagata takitaki lotu Keleka ʼo ʼuhiga mo te fakaliliu ʼa Maxime ʼaē neʼe toe gāueʼi ki muli age: “Neʼe tali e te kau Keleka te Tohi-Tapu, ʼo feiā mo ʼihi atu, ʼaki te ʼofa pea mo he holi ʼaupito kiai. Pea neʼe nātou lau. Pea neʼe nātou logoʼi te siʼisiʼi ʼo tonatou lotomamahi pea ko tanatou tui ki te ʼAtua . . . neʼe mālohi age.” Kae ko tanatou kau takitaki fakalaumālie neʼe nātou tuʼania koteʼuhi, kapau ʼe mahino te hahaʼi ki te Tohi-Tapu, pea ʼe ʼiloʼi ai anai ʼe mole tuʼu ʼi te Tohi-Tapu te ʼu akonaki pea mo te ʼu gāue ʼaē ʼe fai e te kau takitaki lotu. Koia ʼi te 1823 pea mo te 1836, ko te ʼu ʼēpikopō ʼo Constantinople neʼe nātou fakatotonu ai ke tutu te ʼu Tohi-Tapu fuli.

Ko He Tagata Fakaliliu Lototoʼa

ʼI te fakafeagai mālohi ʼaia pea mo te holi lahi ʼa te hahaʼi ke nātou mahino ki te Tohi-Tapu, neʼe ʼi ai te tagata neʼe maʼuhiga te meʼa ʼaē neʼe ina fai ʼo ʼuhiga mo te fakaliliu ʼo te Tohi-Tapu ki te lea faka Keleka ʼo totatou temi. Ko te tagata lototoʼa ʼaia neʼe ko Neofitos Vámvas, neʼe poto ʼi te ʼu lea kehekehe pea mo sivi Tohi-Tapu ʼiloa, neʼe kau ia nātou neʼe ʼui ko he ʼu “Hahaʼi Faiako ʼo Te Puleʼaga.”

Neʼe tui ia Vámvas neʼe ko te hala ʼa te ’Ēkelesia Orthodoxe mo kapau neʼe mole mālama te hahaʼi ʼi te faʼahi fakalaumālie. Neʼe tui mālohi ia, neʼe tonu ke fakaliliu te Tohi-Tapu ki te lea ʼaē neʼe palalauʼi ʼi te temi ʼaia e te hahaʼi ke feala honatou fakaʼala ake ʼi te faʼahi fakalaumālie. ʼI te 1831, ʼaki te tokoni ʼo te tahi kau hahaʼi sivi Tohi-Tapu, neʼe ina kamata fakaliliu te Tohi-Tapu ki te faka Keleka ʼaē neʼe ako ʼi te faleako. Neʼe tā tana fakaliliu katoa ʼi te 1850. Mai tona ʼaluʼaga ʼaē neʼe mole tokoni kia ia te ’Ēkelesia Orthodoxe Keleka, koia neʼe gāue tahi ai mo te British and Foreign Bible Society (BFBS, Te Sosiete ʼo Te Tohi-Tapu Pilitania Pea Mo Matāpule) ke tā pea mo tufa tana Tohi-Tapu. Neʼe lau e te ʼēkelesia ko he tagata “Polotesita,” pea mole fualoa kiai, neʼe fakamavae ʼi te lotu.

Ko te fakaliliu ʼa Vámvas neʼe mulimuli lelei ki te Tohi-Tapu ʼo King James Version pea neʼe toe maʼu ai mo te ʼu hala ʼo te fakaliliu ʼaia, ʼuhi he neʼe tokosiʼi te kau sivi Tohi-Tapu pea neʼe mole mālama lelei ki te ʼu lea ʼi te temi ʼaia. Kae lolotoga ni ʼu taʼu, neʼe ko te Tohi-Tapu ʼaia ʼaē neʼe feala ke maʼu e te hahaʼi ʼi te lea faka Keleka neʼe nātou mahino kiai. ʼE lelei hatatou tokagaʼi, ʼe tohi tuʼa fā ai te huafa ʼo te ʼAtua, ko “Ieová.”—Senesi 22:14; Ekesote 6:3; 17:15; Kau Fakamāu 6:24.

Neʼe feafeaʼi te hahaʼi ʼo ʼuhiga mo te Tohi-Tapu ʼaia pea mo te tahi atu ʼu fakaliliu ʼo te Tohi-Tapu neʼe faigafua tanatou mahino kiai? Neʼe malave ʼaupito kia nātou. ʼI te vaka neʼe ʼalu ki te tahi motu Keleka, neʼe ʼi ai te tagata fai fakatau ʼo te sosiete BFBS, pea neʼe “fakaōvi kia ia te ʼatu ʼu vaka neʼe fonu ai te ʼu tamaliki neʼe ʼōmai ʼo toʼo hanatou Tohi-Tapu, koia neʼe tonu ai . . . ke ina fakatotonu ki te kamutoa ke mavae te vaka mai ai” naʼa ina tuku fuli anai tana ʼu Tohi-Tapu ʼi te motu pe ʼaia! Kae neʼe mole nofo noa te hahaʼi fakafeagai.

Ko te ʼu patele Orthodoxes, neʼe nātou fakatokagaʼi te hahaʼi ke mole nātou toʼo te ʼu Tohi-Tapu ʼaia. Ohage la, ʼi te kolo ʼo Ateni, neʼe tapuʼi te ʼu Tohi-Tapu. ʼI te 1833, ko te ʼēpikopō Orthodoxe ʼo Kelete neʼe ina tutu te “ ʼu Tauhi Foʼou” ʼaē neʼe ina maʼu ʼi te monasetelio. Ko te tahi Tohi-Tapu neʼe fufū e te patele, pea ko te hahaʼi ʼo te tahi ʼu kolo neʼe nātou fufū tanatou ʼu Tohi-Tapu ʼo aʼu ki te mavae ʼa te ʼēpikopō ʼi te fenua.

Ko te ʼu taʼu ki muli age ʼi te motu ʼo Corfou, neʼe tapuʼi te Tohi-Tapu ʼo Vámvas e te Fono Maʼoniʼoni ʼo te ’Ēkelesia Orthodoxe Keleka. Neʼe toe tapuʼi mo te fakatau ʼo te Tohi-Tapu ʼaia pea neʼe maumauʼi te ʼu tohi ʼaē neʼe maʼu. ʼI te ʼu motu ʼo Chios, mo Síros, pea mo Mykonos, ʼuhi ko te fakafeagai mālohi ʼa te kau takitaki lotu neʼe tutu ai te ʼu Tohi-Tapu. Kae neʼe mole gata ai te faiga ke tuku te fakaliliu ʼo te Tohi-Tapu.

ʼE Leleiʼia e Te Fineʼaliki Te Tohi-Tapu

ʼI te taʼu 1870, ko te Fineʼaliki ko Olga ʼo Heleni, neʼe mahino kia ia neʼe kei mālama veliveli pe te hahaʼi Keleka ki te Tohi-Tapu. ʼI tana tui ʼaē ko te mālama ki te Tohi-Tapu ʼe ina foaki anai he fakafimālie pea mo he fakaloto mālohi ki te puleʼaga, koia neʼe ina faiga ai ke fakaliliu te Tohi-Tapu ki he lea ʼe faigafua age ʼi te Tohi-Tapu ʼa Vámvas.

Ko Prokopios, te ʼēpikopō pule ʼo Ateni pea mo takitaki ʼo te Fono Maʼoniʼoni, neʼe ina fakaloto mālohiʼi te gāue ʼaia ʼa te fineʼaliki, kae neʼe mole ʼiloʼi e te kau takitaki lotu Orthodoxes. Kae ʼi te kole ʼa te fineʼaliki ʼaia ki te Fono Maʼoniʼoni ke fakagafua age te faʼahi ʼaia, neʼe fakafisi age kiai. Neʼe ina kātakiʼi ʼo toe faitohi, kae neʼe toe fakafisi age ʼi te 1899. Neʼe mole ina tokagaʼi te fakafisi ʼaia, pea neʼe ina fakatotonu ke ina tā te Tohi-Tapu ʼaki tana paʼaga ʼaʼana. Neʼe fai te faʼahi ʼaia ʼi te 1900.

Neʼe Mole Tukunoaʼi e Te Hahaʼi Fakafeagai

ʼI te 1901, ko te nusipepa ʼiloa ʼo Ateni The Acropolis, neʼe ina tā te Evaselio ʼa Mateo ʼi te lea faka Keleka ʼaē neʼe palalauʼi e te hahaʼi fuli, neʼe fai e Alexander Pallis, ko he tagata fakaliliu ʼe gāue ʼi Liverpool, ʼi Pilitania. Neʼe fai e Pallis pea mo tana ʼu kaugā gāue te faʼahi ʼaia tāfito moʼo ‘akoʼi te kau Keleka’ pea mo “tokoni ki te fenua ke toe mālohi” he neʼe liliu ʼo vaivai.

Ko te kau ako teolosia Orthodoxes pea mo tanatou kau faiako neʼe nātou fakahigoaʼi te fakaliliu ʼaia ko “te fakalainoaʼi ʼaia ʼo te meʼa ʼaē ʼe fakaʼapaʼapa lahi kiai te fenua,” ko he leakoviʼi ʼo te Tohi-Tapu. Ko te ʼēpikopō ko Joakim 3 ʼo Constantinople, neʼe ina tohi te pepa neʼe fakahā ai tana mole tali te fakaliliu ʼaia. Neʼe liliu te fihi ko he fihi faka politike, pea neʼe fakaʼaogaʼi fakakākā te fihi ʼaia e te ʼu faʼahi faka politike ʼaē neʼe fetauʼaki.

Ko te koga maʼuhiga ʼo te ʼu sosiete fai nusipepa ʼo Ateni neʼe nātou tauʼi te fakaliliu ʼa Pallis, ʼo nātou ʼui ko te hahaʼi ʼaē ʼe lagolago kiai ʼe ko he “hahaʼi ʼe mole tui ki te ʼAtua,” mo “aga kākā,” pea ko “te ʼu hahaʼi ʼe gāue maʼa te ʼu puleʼaga matāpule” neʼe nātou fia fakatupu kovi ki te sosiete Heleni. Mai te ʼaho 5 ki te ʼaho 8 ʼo Novepeli 1901, neʼe fakahoko e te kau ako te ʼu agamālohi ʼi Ateni, neʼe uga nātou e te hahaʼi ʼo te ’Ēkelesia Orthodoxe Keleka ʼaē neʼe mole loto ki he fetogi. Neʼe nātou ʼohofi te ʼu pilō ʼo te fale nusipepa The Acropolis, mo nātou haʼele ʼi te ala ʼo ʼolo ki te kolo, mo ʼohofi te Faleako Lahi ʼo Ateni, pea mo kole ke fakahifo te puleʼaga. ʼI te ikuʼaga ʼo te ʼu ʼohofi ʼaia, neʼe mamate ai te toko valu ʼi tanatou tauʼi te ʼu solia. ʼI te ʼaho ake, neʼe kole e te hau ke fakahifo te ’Ēpikopō Pule ko Prokopios, pea hili kiai ʼaho e lua neʼe fakahifo te ʼu minisi ʼo te Puleʼaga.

Hili te māhina, neʼe toe fai e te kau ako tanatou haʼele pea ia muʼa ʼo te hahaʼi neʼe nātou tutu te fakaliliu ʼaē neʼe fai e Pallis. Neʼe nātou tohi tanatou loto ʼaē ke fakagata te tufa ʼo te fakaliliu ʼaia pea mo kole ke fakatūʼa mamafa ia nātou ʼaē ka nātou faiga anai ke nātou fai he meʼa feiā. Neʼe ko te takuʼaki ʼaia moʼo tapuʼi te fakaʼaogaʼi ʼo he Tohi-Tapu ʼaē neʼe fakaliliu ki te faka Keleka ʼo totatou temi. Neʼe ko he temi kovi ʼaupito!

“Ko Te Folafola a Te Aliki e Tuu o Heegata”

Ko te tapuʼi ʼaē ʼo te fakaʼaogaʼi ʼo te Tohi-Tapu ʼi te lea faka Keleka ʼo totatou temi neʼe molehi ʼi te taʼu 1924. Talu mai ai, neʼe mole he fua ʼo te faiga ʼaē ʼa te Lotu Orthodoxe Keleka ke mole foaki te Tohi-Tapu ki te hahaʼi. ʼI te temi ʼaia, neʼe ʼuluaki fai e te kau Fakamoʼoni ʼa Sehova te gāue ʼaē ko te akoʼi ʼo te hahaʼi ki te Tohi-Tapu ʼi Heleni, ohage ko tona fai ʼi te tahi atu ʼu fenua e tokolahi. Talu mai te taʼu 1905, neʼe nātou fakaʼaogaʼi te fakaliliu ʼa Vámvas moʼo tokoni ki te ʼu lauʼi afe hahaʼi ʼaē ʼe lea faka Keleka ke nātou mālama ki te moʼoni ʼo te Tohi-Tapu.

Lolotoga te ʼu taʼu, neʼe faiga lahi ʼaupito te hahaʼi sivi Tohi-Tapu pea mo te kau faiako ke nātou tohi he Tohi-Tapu ʼi te lea faka Keleka ʼo totatou temi. Ia ʼaho nei kua fakaliliu te ʼu Tohi-Tapu e 30 tupu, katoa peʼe faka koga, ʼe mahino gafua kiai te hahaʼi Keleka fuli pe. Ko te fakaliliu maʼuhiga ʼaupito ʼi te ʼu fakaliliu ʼaia, ʼe ko te Tohi-Tapu Les Saintes Écritures — Traduction du monde nouveau ʼi te faka Keleka, neʼe fai ʼi te 1997 maʼa te toko 16 miliona hahaʼi ʼi te malamanei ʼe nātou palalau faka Keleka. Neʼe tā e te kau Fakamoʼoni ʼa Sehova te Tohi-Tapu ʼaia pea ʼe ko te fakaliliu ʼaia ʼo te Folafola ʼa te ʼAtua ʼi hona ʼaluʼaga ʼe faigafua tona lau, mo mahino gafua kiai, pea mo mulimuli fakalelei ki te ʼu ʼuluaki tohi ʼo te Tohi-Tapu.

ʼAki te faiga lahi ʼaē ke maʼu he Tohi-Tapu ʼi te lea faka Keleka ʼo totatou temi, neʼe fakahā ai te faʼahi maʼuhiga. ʼE fakahā lelei mai logola te ʼu faiga kovi ʼa te tagata, kae “ko te folafola a te Aliki e tuu o heegata.”—1 Petelo 1:25.

[Kiʼi nota]

[Paki ʼo te pasina 27]

Neʼe takitaki e Cyrille Loucaris te ʼuluaki fakaliliu faka Keleka ʼo te Tauhi Foʼou ʼi te taʼu 1630

[Haʼuʼaga ʼo te paki]

Bib. Publ. Univ. de Genève

[Paki ʼo te pasina 28]

Ko he ʼu Tohi-Tapu neʼe fakaliliu ki te lea faka Keleka: Te ʼu Pesalemo neʼe tā: (1) ʼi te 1828 e Ilarion, (2) ʼi te 1832 e Vámvas, (3) ʼi te 1643 e Julianus. “Te Tauhi ʼĀfea” neʼe tā: (4) ʼi te 1840 e Vámvas

Te Fineʼaliki ko Olga

[Haʼuʼaga ʼo te paki]

Bibles: National Library of Greece; Queen Olga: Culver Pictures

[Haʼuʼaga ʼo te paki pasina 26]

Papyrus: Reproduced by kind permission of The Trustees of the Chester Beatty Library, Dublin

[Haʼuʼaga ʼo te paki pasina 29]

Papyrus: Reproduced by kind permission of The Trustees of the Chester Beatty Library, Dublin