Ulawulo Lomntu Lulinganisiwe Esikalini

Icandelo 10—Ekugqibeleni Urhulumente Ogqibeleleyo!

Theocracy: eli gama livela kwelesiGrike elithi “the·osʹ” (uthixo) nelithi “kraʹtos” (ulawulo); ngaloo ndlela, lo ngurhulumente owalathiswa okanye olawulwa nguThixo, ngamanye amaxesha esebenzisa abameli abanyuliweyo.

UKUBA ubunemali yokuthenga iintsimbi zomqala ezenziwe ngeeperile ezisulungekileyo okanye umsesane onedayimani, ngaba ubuya kwaneliswa kukufumana udidi oluphantsi lwaloo nto yokwenene? Kunokwenzeka ukuba akunjalo, ngaphandle kokuba ukhohliselwe ekucingeni ukuba oko ukuthengayo kokona kusemgangathweni okunokufumaneka.

Ngokuphathelele urhulumente, amakhulu ezigidi zabantu aye akhohliselwa ekukholelweni ukuba afumana okona kusemgangathweni kunoko bekunokufumaneka. Enyanisweni bagqibela ngokufumana into efana nento yokwenene ekumgangatho ophantsi. Alimangalisi elokuba bedanile, benganelisekanga kwaye benxunguphele.

Iphulo Lokufuna Urhulumente Ofanelekileyo

UWilliam Ralph Inge, owayesakuba yintloko yabefundisi baseTshetshi abangabacebisi bakaBhishophu eSt. Paul’s Cathedral, eLondon, ngowe-1922 wabhala esithi: “Urhulumente ofanelekileyo uyeyona nto ekusafuneka lusikelelwe ngayo uluntu, yaye akukho lizwe likhe lanaye.” Ngoba?

Inxalenye yenkcazelo inokufunyanwa kumazwi kaJohn F. Kennedy, umongameli wama-35 waseUnited States. Wathi: “Akukho rhulumente ulungileyo kunabantu abawusekileyo.” Ekubeni noyena mntu ulichule olilungu lezobupolitika engafezekanga, wonke urhulumente oyilwe ngabantu umele asilele ngokulusizi.

Umbhali oliNgesi wemidlalo yeqonga wenkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe uPhilip Massinger wayechan’ ucwethe xa wabhala esithi: “Lowo uza kulawula abanye, umele azazi yena kuqala.” Kodwa nguwuphi umntu ongafezekanga onokuzazi ngokupheleleyo? Enyanisweni, akukho lungu lezobupolitika linolwazi nobulumko obupheleleyo bokulawula iziganeko neemeko lize ngaloo ndlela liqiniseke ngokufumana ulonwabo nentlalo-ntle, kungasathethwa nto ngolonwabo nentlalo-ntle yezigidi zabantu abangoowalo. Yaye enoba belinokusoloko lisenza izigqibo ezichanileyo, belingasayi kuba namandla akuziphumeza.

Umbhali wezincoko waseMerika uBrooks Atkinson, eyiqonda le ngxaki, wagqiba ngelithi emva phayaa ngowe-1951: “Sifuna umntu onamandla angaphezu kwawomntu ukuze aze kusilawula​—⁠lo msebenzi ubanzi gqitha yaye imfuneko yogwebo lobulumko ingxamisekile. Kodwa, hayi bo!,” watsho, “akufumaneki bantu banamandla angaphezu kwawomntu.” Namhlanje, kumashumi amane eminyaka kamva, abakabikho.

Enyanisweni, uThixo akazange alungiselele ukuba abantu bazilawule. Ukuze bafumane urhulumente ofezekileyo, abantu bafuna okungaphezu korhulumente womntu ekuthiwa ngoyena unamandla. Bafuna ulawulo olungokobuthixo, urhulumente kaThixo.

Uhlobo Olunjani Lolawulo Olungokobuthixo?

Ulawulo olungokobuthixo luhlobo lorhulumente owayekho e-Eden, apho uThixo wayebeke khona isibini sokuqala esingabantu. Njengowayenelungelo lokuba nguMongami, ngaphambili uThixo wayezilawula ngokwakhe izinto yaye enegunya.

Xa umbhali-mbali ongumYuda uFlavius Josephus okokuqala waqamba igama lesiGrike eliguqulelwa ngokuthi “ulawulo lobuthixo” malunga neenkulungwane ezili-19 ezadlulayo, walisebenzisa ukubhekisela kuhlanga lwamandulo lukaSirayeli. Le yayiyindlela echanileyo yokulubiza, ekubeni uSirayeli ngelo xesha wayeluhlanga olunyulwe nguThixo. Enyanisweni lwalulawulwa nguye, nakubeni wayelulawula ngokusebenzisa abameli abangabantu.​—⁠Duteronomi 7:⁠6; 1 Kronike 29:⁠23.

Xa ibinzana elithi “ulawulo lobuthixo” laqalisa ukusetyenziswa kwezinye iilwimi, ekuqaleni lalisikelwe umda kuphela kwintsingiselo uJosephus awalisebenzisa kuyo. Kodwa kamva laba neentsingiselo ezizezinye. Ngokutsho kweThe Encyclopedia of Religion, liye “lasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimeko ezahlukahlukeneyo njengakulawulo loofaro baseYiputa, kuSirayeli wamandulo, kwiNgqobhoko yamaxesha aphakathi, kubuCalvin, kubuSilamsi nakubuBhuda bamaTibheti.”

Umbhali-mbali uW. L. Warren uthi kwakukho “kulawulo lwamaNgesi lwemonarchy iimpawu zobukhosi bolawulo lobuthixo​—⁠ukumkani njengesixhobo esiphambili kwilungiselelo likaThixo lokulawula ihlabathi, ukumkani njengommeli nomgwebi omiswe nguThixo.” Kumaxesha anamhlanje eli gama liye kwakhona lasetyenziswa, njengoko echaza uDewey Wallace, Omnci., weYunivesithi iGeorge Washington, njengebinzana “‘elichuliweyo’ nelisisiphoxo kwibutho labantu ‘elilawulwa ngabefundisi.’”

Intsingiselo ebanzi yokusetyenziswa kweli gama ngoku iquka ubukho beentlobo ezininzi zolawulo lobuthixo. Luluphi uhlobo esilufunayo?

Iindidi Zolawulo Lobuthixo Zobuxoki

Urhulumente wokuqala wabantu kwimbali ebhaliweyo wasekwa nguNimrodi kwiminyaka enokuba ngama-4 000 eyadlulayo. Lo mzukulwana wonyana kaNowa wazenza ukumkani waza, njengoko kuchazwe eBhayibhileni, “waba ligorha lezingela phambi koYehova.” (Genesis 10:​8, 9) Ngokuzimisa njengomlawuli ngokuchasene noYehova, uNimrodi wazenza uthixo wezobupolitika. Koku, wayexhaswa ngumchasi omkhulu kaThixo, uthixo wobuxoki uSathana uMtyholi. (2 Korinte 4:⁠4) Ngoko ulawulo lukaNimrodi yayilulawulo lobuthixo lobuxoki.

Xa kwathi kamva abemi bobukhosi bukaNimrodi basasazeka emhlabeni wonke, abantu baqhubeka bekholelwa kwelokuba oorhulumente babo babelulawulo lobuthixo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba, igunya labo livela kuthixo okanye koothixo abathile ababebanqula. (Genesis 11:​1-⁠9) Ngaloo ndlela ibinzana elithi “ulawulo lobuthixo” lasetyenziswa, ngokutsho kweThe Encyclopedia of Religion, “ukuchaza elo nqanaba lokuqala lempucuko yasempuma yamandulo apho kwakungekho kwahlukahlukana phakathi konqulo norhulumente.”

Kwezinye iinkqubo zempucuko ezinjengeyaseYiputa phantsi kooFaro, kwakukho inkolo yokuba wayeyindoda yesithixokazi esikhulu okanye unyana wothixo othile. Kwezinye iinkqubo zempucuko kwakungathethwa kangako ngeempawu zobuthixo awayefanele abe nazo ukumkani okanye ngemvelaphi yakhe, kunoko kugxininiswa isibakala sokuba unyulwe nguThixo. KwiGrisi yexesha lika-Alesandire nasemva kwalo, ukumkani wayegqalwa njengomntu ongokobuthixo, ichaza njalo incwadi ethi A History of Political Theory, “kuba uye wabangela imvisiswano kulawulo lwakhe kanye njengokuba uThixo ebangela kubekho imvisiswano ehlabathini.” Le ncwadi yembali ihlabela mgama isithi: “Uneempawu ezingokobuthixo engenazo indoda nje eqhelekileyo nto leyo enokubangela ishwangusha kwinkambunca nje enokuzirhwaphilizela isigxina esiphezulu ingakhange ibe ifumene intsikelelo yaseZulwini.”

Le ngcamango yokuba ukumkani ungokobuthixo yadluliselwa kwixesha ekufane kuthiwe lixesha lobuKristu. Emva kokuba izizwe zamaJamani ziye zaguqulelwa kubuKatolika, uzuko lwekumkani lwanda. Ukuthweswa isithsaba yicawa kwakuthetha ukuba uThixo umnyule ngokwakhe ukumkani ukuba alawule. Ukususela kule mvelaphi, imfundiso esisiseko eyaziwa ngokuba lilungelo elingokobuthixo lookumkani yaye isanda ngokwanda.

Kwanangaphambi kwexesha “lobuKristu,” ooKesare baseRoma babesele bethe ngobuxoki babuxubanisa ubukumkani babo nolawulo lobuthixo ngokuthi buxhaswa nguThixo. Ngokokubona kwabemi baseRoma, ulawulo lomntu lwalulingana nolawulo lukaThixo, bewenza urhulumente wabo, ngokufana norhulumente kaNimrodi, ulawulo lobuthixo lobuxoki. Ngoko xa abefundisi bamaYuda benkulungwane yokuqala yeXesha Eliqhelekileyo bengazange bamamkele uYesu njengalowo wayeya kuba nguKumkani, besithi, “Thina asinakumkani ungenguye uKesare,” ngokungathi kunjalo, babesithi bona bakhetha ulawulo lobuthixo lobuxoki kunolo lokwenene uYesu wayeluvakalisa.​—⁠Yohane 19:⁠15.

Ekubeni ulawulo lobuthixo lukaYehova luphakame kunazo zonke ezinye iindidi zolawulo, alimangalisi elokuba uSathana, eye wazama ukufakela iimpawu ezithile zalo kulawulo lomntu lobuxoki​—⁠kodwa watsho phantsi. Zonke ezi ndidi zolawulo lobuthixo abantu abazenzele zona ziye zasilela gqitha kolo lokwenene. Enyanisweni, akukho nalunye kulo oluye lwalawulwa nguThixo okanye ngabameli bakhe. Ziye zazizinto ezikudidi oluphantsi zento yokwenene, iimbonakaliso zolawulo lomntu ongafazekanga olulawulwa nguthixo wobuxoki.

Ngokufanelekileyo, iBhayibhile imbiza lo thixo ngokuthi ‘ngumphathi weli hlabathi’ nangokuthi ‘nguthixo weli phakade.’ (Yohane 12:31; 14:30; 2 Korinte 4:⁠4) Kungenxa yoko le nto wakwazi ukuthembisa ngokunikela “zonke izikumkani zehlabathi, nozuko lwazo” kuYesu, silingo eso uYesu awasikhaba ngawo omane. (Mateyu 4:​8-10) Esazi ukuba ulawulo lobuthixo lokwenene lolo loThixo wokwenyaniso, uYehova, uYesu akazange akhohliselwe ekubeni amkele oonomgogwana ababenziwe ngabantu abangakwaziyo ukubonisa ngolungelelwano olufezekileyo iimpawu ezingokobuthixo ezifumaneka kulawulo lokwenene.

Usondele Urhulumente Ogqibeleleyo

Kwiminyaka ethile edluleyo, uHugh Brogan weYunivesithi yase-Essex wagqiba kwelokuba: “Ukuba umntu, ingakumbi lowo unomdla kwimicimbi engokobupolitika, uza kuzisindisa kunye nabantu abakwibutho lakhe, akanakuphumla kwangoku ekufuneni iintlobo ezintsha zorhulumente ukuhlangabezana neemfuneko ezisoloko zintsha zexesha lakhe.” Ukususela kwixesha likaNimrodi, abantu bebesenza kanye loo nto, ngokuphindaphindiweyo bevelisa iindidi ezintsha zoorhulumente ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zaloo maxesha. Kodwa ngaba lingakanani ixesha elifunekayo ukungqina nje ukuba ulawulo lwabantu luyasilela?  

Okuvuyisayo kukuba, ngowe-1914 lafika ixesha lokuba ulingelo olungekho ngqiqweni loorhulumente babantu lucelw’ umngeni ngokumiselwa koBukumkani bukaYehova obungoMesiya ezulwini!a Ukususela ngowe-1914, oorhulumente babantu, nangona besekho, bebephila kwixesha elincinane abalolulelweyo. (Daniyeli 7:12) Siphila kwixesha iBhayibhile elibiza ngokuba ‘yimihla yokugqibela.’ (2 Timoti 3:​1-⁠5) Umbhalo oseludongeni owalatha kwimbubhiso ezayo kulawulo lomntu ucace kangangokuba akakho onokuthi ngokunyanisekileyo angawuboni. Unokungananzwa, kodwa awunakucinywa.

Ulawulo lobuthixo ngoBukumkani bukaYehova obungoMesiya kuthethwa ngalo eBhayibhileni kuDaniyeli isahluko 2 njengelitye ‘elizithwebula kungengazandla’ laza “labetha emfanekisweni [umfuziselo wolawulo lomntu], ezinyaweni zawo zesinyithi nodongwe, lazicola.” Oku kuthetha ukuba uBukumkani bukaThixo obumiselweyo kungekudala buza kuziphelisa zonke iindidi zolawulo lomntu olubi, buzicole. Buya kuzicola kangakanani? IBhayibhile iphendula isithi: “Zaza ke zacoleka kwakanye isinyithi, nodongwe, nobhedu, nesilivere, negolide, zaba njengomququ wezandá zasehlotyeni; wemka nazo umoya, azafunyanelwa ndawo.”​—⁠Daniyeli 2:​34, 35.

Ukuba oorhulumente babantu ababi baza kutshayelwa ngokuphelele kangangokuba akusayi kubonakala nesuntswana labo, licacile elokuba abameli bolawulo lomntu bakweyona ngxaki inkulu. Izigidi zabantu, zikuqonda oku, zikubona kububulumko ukuyishenxisa intembelo yazo kulawulo lomntu olonakeleyo, ziyishenxisela kwinto efaneleke ngakumbi. Kuphela lulawulo lukaYehova uThixo, uMdali wendalo iphela, olunokuzicombulula iingxaki ezibangelwe lulawulo olubi nokuziphatha kakubi kwabantu kumawaka eminyaka edluleyo. Lulawulo lobuthixo lokwenene kuphela olunokuzifeza iimfuno zamaxesha ethu.

Abapapashi bakaVukani! banethemba lokuba ungcelele lwamanqaku alishumi athi “Ulawulo Lomntu Lulinganisiwe Esikalini” luye lwabethelela kuwe ukubaluleka kokwenza isigqibo sobuqu kulo mbandela ongorhulumente. Yaye ngaphezu kwako konke kuthenjwa ukuba luya kukunceda wenze isigqibo sobulumko. Ulawulo lomntu lulinganiswe esikalini lwaza lwafunyaniswa lulula. Yintoni oza kuyikhetha? Ngaba uza kukhetha olobuxoki nolubuthathaka okanye olululo? Ngaba uza kukhetha ulawulo lwabantu okanye ulawulo loThixo wokwenyaniso, uYehova?​—⁠Daniyeli 2:44; Mateyu 6:⁠10.

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 27]

Oko Kuya Kwenziwa Lulawulo Lobuthixo LukaYehova

◆ Luza kubuyisela abantu ababuthathaka abalupheleyo ebutsheni.​—⁠Yobhi 33:⁠25.

◆ Luza kuphelisa iimfazwe.​—⁠INdumiso 46:⁠9; Isaya 9:⁠7.

◆ Zonke iintsapho ziya kuba nezindlu zazo ezintle.​—⁠Isaya 65:⁠21.

◆ Luza kuphilisa abagulayo nabaneziphene.​—⁠Isaya 33:24; 35:​5, 6.

◆ Luza kuvusa abafileyo.​—⁠Isaya 25:⁠8; IZenzo 24:15; ISityhilelo 20:⁠13.

◆ Luza kuphelisa ukonakala emhlabeni, ukuziphatha okubi nolwaphulo-mthetho.​—⁠IMizekeliso 2:​21, 22.

◆ Luza kubangela kubekho intabalala yokutya kubo bonke.​—⁠INdumiso 72:16; Isaya 25:⁠6.

◆ Luza kubangela kubekho ulwalamano loxolo phakathi kwabantu nezilwanyana.​—⁠Isaya 11:​6-⁠9; Hezekile 34:⁠25.

◆ Luza kwabela wonke umntu umsebenzi onentsingiselo novuzayo.​—⁠Isaya 65:​22, 23.

◆ Luza kuguqula umhlaba ube yiparadisi yomhlaba wonke.​—⁠Isaya 35:​1, 6, 7; Luka 23:⁠43.

La asingomadinga nje angenantsingiselo angokobupolitika enziwa ngabantu; ngamadinga kaThixo, yaye ‘uThixo akanakuxoka.’​—⁠Hebhere 6:⁠18.

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Unokuzifumana ezi ntsikelelo zorhulumente ogqibeleleyo!