Izixeko Ezikhulu Ziphelelwa Ngumoya
EHLABATHINI lonke izixeko ezikhulu, iidolophu ezinkulu ziyakhula, zitsala izigidi ezifuna umsebenzi, izindlu nezinye izinto eziyingenelo kubomi besixeko. Kodwa ixabiso lixhomile. Kwanokuphefumla kwezi zixeko zixananazileyo kuya kusiba yingozi kwimpilo yabantu.
Ingxelo yakutshanje evela kwi-UNEP (United Nations Environment Program) neNtlangano Yezempilo Yehlabathi ibonisa ukuba ungcoliso lomoya kwezona zixeko zikhulu ehlabathini ezingama-20 luye lwalubi ngesiquphe. IOur Planet, iphephancwadi elapapashwa eKenya yi-UNEP ithi: “Kwezinye iimeko, ungcoliso lomoya lubi njengemixube yenkungu nomsi yaseLondon eyaziwa kakhulu kwiminyaka engama-40 eyadlulayo.” Abemi besiXeko saseMexico ngabona bachaphazelekayo kule nkalo, kodwa amashumi ezigidi zabantu abahlala kwizixeko ezinjengeBangkok, iBeijing, iCairo neSão Paulo nawo achaphazeleka kakhulu.
Uyingozi kangakanani loo moya kwizixeko ezinjalo? Kaloku, imilinganiselo ephakamileyo yongcoliso oluyintloko, njengesulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide nelothe, ziyingozi ngeendlela ezininzi. Iziphumo zayo emzimbeni ziyohluka: iingxaki zokuphefumla nezentliziyo, ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo, kwanomongo wamathambo, iingxaki zesibindi nezintso.
Yintoni ebangela olu ngcoliso? Oyena nobangela mkhulu nomnye kwezi zixeko, ngokutsho kweOur Planet, yinqwelo-mafutha. Ekubeni inani leenqwelo-mafutha ehlabathini sithetha nje—izigidi ezingama-630—“kulindeleke ukuba liphindwe kabini kwiminyaka engama-20 ukusa kwengama-30 ezayo, ubukhulu becala kwimimandla yasezidolophini,” ikamva lomoya wasesixekweni libonakala limfiliba ngokwenene. Eyona nto yenza kube kubi ngakumbi, kuye kwathatyathwa amanyathelo angephi okuthintela le ngxaki, ekubeni, njengokuba le ngxelo ibonisa, kwinkoliso yezixeko ezikhulu, “bungaziwa kakhulu ubunzulu bale ngxaki.” Ngoko, alimangalisi elokuba iOur Planet ibongoza ukuba izixeko ezinjalo ziwabeke kweyona ndawo yokuqala amanyathelo okucocwa komoya. Ukuba oku akwenziwa, ikamva liyakuzisa ishwangusha. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lalo lindixesha, “ezi zixeko zijamelene nokuphelelwa ngumoya njengokuba umoya wazo uqhubeka usiba mbi ngakumbi.”