Indlela Ophila Ngayo—Ziyintoni Iingozi Zayo?
KWIINKALO ezininzi, indlela abaphila ngazo abantu azizange zithembise ngolu hlobo. Ingxelo yowe-1998 eyanikelwa yiWorld Health Organization (WHO) ithi: “Ngoku abantu abaninzi kunanini na ngaphambili bayakwazi ukufumana ubuncinane uncedo lwezempilo, bafumane amanzi acocekileyo neenkonzo zogutyulo.” Ngokuqinisekileyo, abemi abaninzi behlabathi basaphila phantsi kweemeko ezinzima, kodwa ngokwengxelo eyanikelwa yiBritish Broadcasting Corporation, “ehlabathini ubuhlwempu buye baliwa ngakumbi kwiminyaka engama-50 edluleyo kunakwiminyaka engama-500 edluleyo.”
Ukuphuculwa kweenkqubo zokunyamekela impilo ehlabathini lonke kuye kwathi chatha inani leminyaka ephilwa ngabantu ehlabathini lonke ukususela ekuzalweni. Ngowe-1955 abantu ngokuqhelekileyo babephila iminyaka engama-48. Ngowe-1995 yahamba yaya kutsho kwiminyaka engama-65. Omnye unobangela wolu lwando yinkqubela eyenziweyo ekunyangeni izifo zabantwana.
Kwiminyaka nje engaphezu kwama-40 eyadlulayo, abantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi kwemihlanu ubudala babengama-40 ekhulwini abo bonke abantu abafayo. Noko ke, ngowe-1998, uninzi lwabantwana abasehlabathini baye bagonyelwa izifo eziyingozi kubo ngoncedo lwezitofu. Ngenxa yoko, inani labantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu abafayo liye lehla laya kutsho kuma-21 ekhulwini abo bonke abantu abafayo. Ngokutsho kweWHO, kuye kwakho “indlela ecacileyo ekhokelela kubomi obude nobunempilo.”
Kambe ke, ukuba nobomi obude kungekho nto ingako uyenzayo ukubuphucula kuya kufana noloyiso lwelize. Kuba befuna iindlela ezibhetele zokuphila, abantu abaninzi baye bazimisela kakhulu ekuzonwabiseni. Noko ke, loo ndlela yokuphila inokuza nezayo iingozi empilweni.
Ngaba Le Yindlela Ebhetele Yokuphila?
Iinguqu zakutshanje kwezentlalo nezoqoqosho ziye zabangela utshintsho olungathethekiyo kwindlela abaphila ngayo abantu. Ngoku abantu abaninzi abahlala kumazwe emi kakuhle ngokwezoqoqosho bayakwazi ukuthenga izinto bafumane neenkonzo ebezikade zifunyanwa ngabantu abazizityebi kuphela. Ibe nangona ezinye iinkalo zale nkqubela ziye zabenza banethemba lokuphila iminyaka ethe chatha, abantu abaninzi baye balukuhlelwa kwindlela yokuphila eyingozi.
Ngokomzekelo, izigidi ngenxa yokuba zikwazi ukuthenga izinto ezingakumbi, ziye zachitha imali kwizinto ezingeyomfuneko njengeziyobisi ezikhobokisayo, utywala necuba. Okulusizi kukuba, loo nto iye yaphumela kwinto ebilindelekile. Iphephancwadi iWorld Watch lithi: “Le ngxaki yempilo yaphul’ izikeyi ehlabathini ayisosifo, yinto eyenziwa ngabom.” Eli phephancwadi longezelela ngelithi: “Kwisithuba seminyaka engama-25, kulindelwe ukuba izifo ezibangelwa licuba zizodlule izifo ezasulelayo zize zinkqenkqeze phambili ekusongeleni impilo yabantu ehlabathini lonke.” Isongezelela, iScientific American ithi: “Ama-30 ekhulwini omhlaza obulalayo abangelwa kakhulu kukutshaya, kanti kwelinye icala abangelwa yindlela yokuphila, ingakumbi ukungatyi ngendlela efanelekileyo nokungawenzi umthambo.”
Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ukhetho lwethu ngendlela esiphila ngayo lunegalelo kakhulu empilweni yethu. Ngoko ke, sinokuyinyamekela size siyiphucule njani impilo yethu? Ngaba kwanele ukutya nokwenza umthambo? Ukongezelela, ingqondo nezinto zokomoya zinayiphi indima ekuphileni ngendlela efanelekileyo?