Oomama AbanoGawulayo Bakwembi Ingxaki

UCYNTHIA,a ibhinqa elihlala kwiiWest Indies, kwafuneka akhethe phakathi kokuluncancisa okanye aluseze ibhotile usana lwakhe. Sisenokubonakala silula isigqibo afanele asenze. Ngapha koko, kangangamashumi eminyaka iingcaphephe zezempilo bezisoloko zikhuthaza ubisi lukamama “njengokona kutya kusempilweni” kwiintsana. Ngaphandle koko, iintsana ezisezwa ibhotile kwimimandla ehlwempuzekileyo kusenokwenzeka kangangezihlandlo ezili-15 ukuba zibulawe sisifo sorhudo kunezo zincanca ibele. Enyanisweni, iUnited Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) inikela ingxelo yokuba abantwana abangama-4 000 bafa mihla le ngenxa yeengozi ezibangelwa zizinto ezithabathela indawo ubisi lwebele.

Noko ke, kwimeko kaCynthia, isigqibo esiphathelele ukuncancisa sasibandakanya enye ingozi. Umyeni wakhe wayemasulele ngehuman immunodeficiency virus (iHIV), ebangela uGawulayo. Emva kokuba ebelekile, uCynthia wafumanisa ukuba umntwana womama oneHIV unethuba eli-1 kwa-7 okwasuleleka ngenxa yobisi lwebele.b Ngenxa yaloo nto, kwafuneka enze ukhetho olubuhlungu: achanabe usana lwakhe kwiingozi zokuncancisa okanye alubeke esichengeni seengozi zokulunika ibhotile.

Kwiindawo zehlabathi apho ubhubhane kaGawulayo ugqugqisileyo, amabhinqa akhulelweyo ama-2 okanye ama-3 kwali-10 aneHIV. Kwelinye ilizwe, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sawo onke amabhinqa akhulelweyo awaxilongwayo ayenesi sifo. IUN Radio inikela le ngxelo: “La manani axhomisa amehlo abangela ukuba izazinzulu zibile zisoma zifuna ichiza.” Ngenxa yalo bhubhane, imibutho emithandathu yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo iye yanikela ngamava ayo, imigudu nemali ukuze ibumbe iJoint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, eyaziwa ngokuba yiUNAIDS.c Kodwa iUNAIDS ifumanise ukuba isicombululo sengxaki kaGawulayo asilula.

Imiqobo Enobuzaza Ixabe Endleleni Yesicombululo Esilula

Ngokutsho kukaEdith White, ingcaphephe kwezokuncancisa nokudluliselwa kweHIV ngumama kusana, abasebenzi kwezamayeza bacebisa oomama abaneHIV kumazwe ahambele phambili kwezoqoqosho ukuba bangazincancisi iintsana zabo, ekubeni oku kubeka iintsana esichengeni sokwasulelwa ngokuphindwe kabini. Kubonakala ngathi ukusebenzisa imixube elungiselelwe iintsana, yinto ekunokuphetshelwa kuyo. Kodwa kumazwe asakhasayo—apho ukucikoza kuthatyathelwa indawo yintlungu—kunzima ukusebenzisa esi sicombululo silula.

Omnye wemiqobo ngabantu. Kumazwe ekuncanciswa kakhulu kuwo, amabhinqa aziseza ibhotile iintsana zawo asenokuba abonisa abantu ukuba aneHIV. Ibhinqa lisenokoyikela ukuba liza kuhlatywa amadlala, licalulwe okanye lide libethwe lakwaziwa. Amanye amabhinqa akule meko avakalelwa kukuba akanakwenza ngakumbi kodwa amele nje ancancise iintsana zawo ukuze ayigcine iyimfihlelo into yokuba aneHIV.

Kukwakho nomnye umqobo. Ngokomzekelo, khawucinge nje ngoMargaret oneminyaka engama-20. Kanye njengamabhinqa amalunga nama-95 ekhulwini edolophana yaseUganda, akazange axilongelwe iHIV. Kodwa uMargaret unesizathu sokuxhalaba. Umntwana wakhe wokuqala wafa, yaye owesibini uethe-ethe yaye usoloko egula. UMargaret umncancisa umntwana wakhe wesithathu kalishumi ngemini, phezu kwaso nje isibakala sokuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba uneHIV. Uthi: “Andinakuze ndikwazi ukondla usana lwam ngemixube.” Ngoba? UMargaret uthi ukondla umntwana omnye ngemixube yeentsana kuyiphinda kanye nesiqingatha imali efunyanwa yintsapho nganye ekwidolophana yabo ngonyaka wonke. Nokuba loo mixube ibifumaneka simahla, bekuza kubakho ingxaki yokufumana amanzi acocekileyo okudubela lo mxube ukwenza ukutya kosana okukhuselekileyo.d

Eminye kule miqobo inokuthintelwa ukuba oomama abaneHIV banokufumana inkqubo efanelekileyo yogutyulo, izinto ezifanelekileyo ezithabatha indawo yobisi lwebele baze bakwazi ukufumana amanzi acocekileyo. Ngaba loo nto ixabisa imali eninzi? Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kunjalo. Sekunjalo, okumangalisayo kukuba, ukwenza amalungiselelo anjalo kubonakala kufuna ukubeka izinto zokuqala kwindawo yazo kunokufumana imali. Eneneni, iZizwe Ezimanyeneyo zinikela ingxelo yokuba amanye amazwe asakhasayo nahlwempuzekileyo ehlabathini achitha imali ephindwe kabini emkhosini kunokuba enze njalo kwezempilo nemfundo.

Kuthekani Ngamayeza Okulwa NoGawulayo?

Izazinzulu zeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo ziye zanikela ingxelo yokuba iyeza elisebenziseka lula, nelingabizi mali ininzi ekuthiwa yiAZT linokukuthintela ngendlela ecacileyo ukudluliselwa kweHIV esuka kunina ukuya elusaneni. Ngoncedo lweUNAIDS, ixabiso leli yeza liye lathotywa laya kutsho kwii-R300. Ngaphezu koko, abo baphanda ngoGawulayo bathi ngoJulayi 1999 ukunyanga oomama abaneHIV neentsana zabo ngeyeza inevirapine elibiza ii-R18 kuphela kubonakala kunokuba nomphumo ngakumbi kunokusebenzisa iAZT ekuthinteleni ukudluliselwa kweHIV. Iingcaphephe zezempilo zithi inevirapine inokukhusela iimveku ezingama-400 000 ngonyaka zingaqalisi ubomi bazo zidyobheke yiHIV.

Noko ke, abanye bayawagxeka la mayeza, besithi ekubeni ephelela ekuthinteleni ukudluliselwa kweHIV isuka kumama ukuya kwimveku, ekugqibeleni umama uya kubulawa nguGawulayo aze ashiye umntwana eyinkedama. IZizwe Ezimanyeneyo zithi enye indlela ebuhlungu yile yokuba ziyekwe iintsana zifumane iHIV, ngenxa yoko kuyekelwa la maxhoba amsulwa ukuba afe ngokuthe ngcembe nangendlela elusizi. Kwakhona zithi oomama abaneHIV banokuphila kangangeminyaka emininzi. Khawucinge nje ngoCynthia, okhankanywe ngaphambilana. Wafumanisa ngowe-1985 ukuba uneHIV, xa wayezala usana lwakhe kodwa akazange agule de kwayiminyaka esibhozo kamva. Yaye nangona usana lwakhe lwazalwa luneHIV, xa lwaluneminyaka emibini lwalungasenayo.

Isiqinisekiso seBhayibhile esithuthuzelayo sesokuba imeko ekhuseleke ngokwenene nesicombululo esingapheliyo kumashwangusha anjengoGawulayo sele zisondele. (ISityhilelo 21:1-4) UYehova uThixo uthembisa ihlabathi elitsha, apho ‘engasayi kuthi ummi wakhona, ndiyafa.’ (Isaya 33:24) AmaNgqina kaYehova angathanda ukukuxelela ngesi sicombululo singapheliyo. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi, nceda uqhagamshelane nabapapashi beli phephancwadi okanye amaNgqina kaYehova akwindawo ohlala kuyo.

[Imibhalo esemazantsi]

[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 12]

WHO/E. Hooper