“Esona Sifo Sigqugqisileyo Kwimbali Yoluntu”

NGUMBHALI KAVUKANI! EMZANTSI AFRIKA

“Kuzo zonke iimfazwe ezakha zaliwa ehlabathini ayikho eye yatshabalalisa njengoGawulayo.”—UNOBHALA WASEUNITED STATES UCOLIN POWELL.

INGXELO yokuqala ephathelele uGawulayo yenziwa ngoJuni 1981. UPeter Piot, umalathisi oyintloko kwiJoint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) uthi: “Ukuqala kwethu ukuphanda ngoGawulayo sasingazi ukuba uza kugqugqisa kangaka.” Kwisithuba seminyaka engama-20 esi sifo siye sasasazeka ngokubanzi, yaye kubonakala ngathi siseza kugqugqisa.

Kuthelekelelwa ukuba bangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-36 abantu abanentsholongwane iHIV (human immunodeficiency virus), yaye abazizigidi ezingama-22 sele bebulewe nguGawulayo.a Ngonyaka wama-2000, baba zizigidi ezithathu abantu ababulawa nguGawulayo ehlabathini lonke, yaye yayikokokuqala ukuba esi sifo sibulale abantu abaninzi ngolo hlobo ngonyaka omnye. Bayanda abantu ababulawa sesi sifo nakuba kusetyenziswa amayeza okulwisana nale ntsholongwane ngokukodwa kumazwe afumileyo.

Ukusasazeka KukaGawulayo EAfrika

Kummandla weAfrika okumazantsi eSahara, kuthelekelelwa ukuba bangama-25.3 ezigidi abantu abanesi sifo, yaye lo mmandla ngowona uye wathwaxwa kanobom ngulo bhubhani. Kulo mmandla kuphela, ngowama-2000 uGawulayo wabulala abantu abasisi-2.4 sezigidi, oko kukuthi kubantu abaye babulawa sesi sifo ehlabathini lonke, abangama-80 ekhulwini ibingabantu balo mmandla. UGawulayo ngoyena ubulala abantu abaninzi kulo mmandla.b

Ehlabathini lonke uMzantsi Afrika lelona lizwe linabantu abaninzi abanesi sifo, yaye abantu abanesi sifo kwelo baqikelelwa kwisi-4.7 sezigidi. Kweli lizwe, nyanga nganye kuzalwa abantwana abangama-5 000 abanentsholongwane iHIV. KwiNgqungquthela Ye-13, kaGawulayo Yamazwe Ngamazwe, eyayiqhutyelwa eThekwini ngoJulayi 2000, uNelson Mandela owayesakuba nguMongameli waseMzantsi Afrika wathi: “Siye sothuka xa sisiva ukuba apha eMzantsi Afika kubantu abatsha om-1 kwaba-2, oko kukuthi isiqingatha, uza kubulawa nguGawulayo. Eyona nto ibuhlungu nangakumbi kukuba ukwasulelwa kwabantu sesi sifo nentlungu abatyhubela kuyo abantu abanaso . . . ngeyithintelwe yaye nangoku isenokuthintelwa.”

Ukugqugqisa KukaGawulayo Kwamanye Amazwe

Baya besanda abantu abasulelwa sesi sifo kwiMpuma Yurophu, eAsia nakwiCaribbean. Ekupheleni kowe-1999, bebengama-420 000 abantu abanesi sifo eMpuma Yurophu. Ngasekupheleni kowama-2000, kuqikelelwa ukuba abo bantu banda baya kutsho kuma-700 000.

Uhlolisiso olwenziwe kwizixeko ezithandathu ezikhulu zaseMerika lubonise ukuba abafana abangamafanasini abali-12.3 ekhulwini banentsholongwane iHIV. Ngaphezulu, bangama-29 ekhulwini kuphela kubo ababezazi ukuba banentsholongwane iHIV. Ingcali ephanda ngezifo ezingubhubhani eyayiphambili kolu hlolisiso yathi: “Siye sadana gqitha kukufumanisa ukuba kula madoda anentsholongwane iHIV, ambalwa azaziyo ukuba anayo. Oko kuthetha ukuba abantu abanale ntsholongwane bayisasaza bengaqondi.”

Kwintlanganiso yeengcali zikaGawulayo eyayiqhutyelwa eSwitzerland ngoMeyi 2001, kwathiwa esi ‘sesona sifo sigqugqisileyo kwimbali yoluntu.’ Njengoko sele kuphawuliwe, uGawulayo ugqugqise kanobom kummandla weAfrika okumazantsi eSahara. Kwinqaku elilandelayo siza kuqwalasela isizathu soko.

[Imibhalo esemazantsi]

[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 3]

“Eyona nto ibuhlungu nangakumbi kukuba ukwasulelwa kwabantu . . . nentlungu abatyhubela kuyo abantu abanaso . . . ngeyithintelwe yaye nangoku isenokuthintelwa.”—UNELSON MANDELA

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 2, 3]

Abantu abaninzi abanentsholongwane iHIV abazi ukuba banayo

[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 3]

UN/DPI Photo 198594C/Greg Kinch