Icalypso—Umculo Owahlukileyo WaseTrinidad
NGUMBHALI KAVUKANI! ETRINIDAD
XA KUTHETHWA ngeziqithi ezibini eziyiRiphabliki yaseTrinidad neTobago, yintoni ethi qatha engqondweni yakho? Abanye bacinga ngomculo weokhestra wamagubu enkcenkce neengoma ezimyoli zecalypso. Enyanisweni, isingqi esimnandi nalo mculo wahlukileyo wecalypso uthandwa kungekuphela nje apho waqala khona ngezantsi koLwandle lweCaribbean kodwa nakwezinye iindawo.a
Ngokutsho kwencwadi ethi Calypso Calaloo, igama elithi calypso lisenokuthetha “nayiphi na ingoma eyayiculwa ziimvumi ezisaqalayo okanye ezivunyiweyo ezazibhiyoza kwizitrato zaseTrinidad okanye kumaqonga ngeCarnival emva konyaka we-1898.” Kusenokwenzeka ukuba umculo wecalypso waqanjwa ngumbalisi wamabali owayesuk’ eAfrika noweza eTrinidad njengekhoboka. Iingoma zaseAfrika ezazithandwa kuquka umngqungqo nokubethwa kwamagubu, ndawonye neempembelelo zamaFrentshi, ezabemi baseSpeyin ababefudukele eMerika namaNgesi, neempembelelo zezinye izizwe, zazala umculo ekugqibeleni owaba yicalypso.
Akuqinisekwanga ngemvelaphi yegama elithi calypso. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba livela kwigama elithi kaiso elalisetyenziswa eNtshona Afrika xa kunconywa uncuthu lwengoma nomngqungqo. Nangaphambi kwexesha lokuphela kobukhoboka eTrinidad naseTobago ngeminyaka yee-1830, izihlwele zabantu zazihlanganisana xa kubhiyozelwa icarnival ziphulaphule ichantuelles (iimvumi) zizityibela zize zinyembe abanye ngengoma. Ukuze ibalasele kwezinye, mvumi nganye yecalypso iba negama ebizwa ngalo nendlela ekhethekileyo ecula ngayo.
Uhlobo Lomculo Nempembelelo Onayo
Iimvumi zecalypso bezisoloko zihlonelwa ngobuciko bazo. Ukongezelela, iimvumi ezininzi zecalypso zinobuchule obukhethekileyo bokuqamba amazwi engoma anesingqi esifanayo, ahambisana nemizekeliso ezivumelana nengoma. Mandulo, abadlali becalypso yayingabemi baseTrinidad abangama-Afrika angamahlwempu, kodwa kungokunje ngabantu bezizwe neentlanga, izityebi namahlwempu.
UGqr. Hollis Liverpool, owayesakuba ngumalathisi wezifundo zezithethe zaseTrinidad naseTobago, ungumbhali-mbali nemvumi yecalypso. Ethetha ngeemvumi zecalypso zangaphambili, exelela uVukani! wathi: “La yayingamarharha okwenene, abantu babesiza kwiindawo zomculo [wecalypso] ukuze bonwabe, beze kuphulaphula iindaba zamvanje, ezingamarhe nokuqiniseka ngezayizolo. Izityebi zona zazifun’ ukuva oko kuthethwa ngamahlwempu, kanti yona irhuluneli neempelesi zayo yayize kukhangela enoba inabalandeli abaninzi okanye abambalwa kusini na.”
Ngamaxesha amaninzi, iimvumi zecalypso zazigculela amagosa karhulumente neendwalutho. Ngenxa yoku, iimvumi zecalypso zaziqhwatyelw’ izandla ngabantu abaqhelekileyo kodwa ke abasemagunyeni babengaziginyi ncam. Maxa wambi iimvumi zalo mculo zaziqamba iingoma ezinamazwi ahlabayo kangangokuba urhulumente wanyanzeleka ukuba awise imithetho yokuphelisa le ngxaki. Ngenxa yoku, iimvumi zecalypso zaqalisa ukusebenzisa amazwi akwekwayo de zangamachule kule nkalo. Kunanamhlanje, amazwi eengoma zecalypso ayakwekwa.
Iimvumi zecalypso zazingasebenzisi nje kuphela ulwimi oluthethwayo, kodwa zazikwazi nokuqamba amagama. Enyanisweni iimvumi zecalypso ziye zanegalelo elikhulu kwisigama esisetyenziswa ngabemi baseMerika abangamaIndiya. Akumangalisi ke ngoko kuba abantu abaninzi, neenkokeli ezithile zobupolitika, zidla ngokucaphula amazwi eemvumi zecalypso xa zibethelela ingongoma ethile.
Icalypso Yezi Mini
Mvanje kuye kwaqanjwa umculo wecalypso oziindidi ngeendidi ukuze uthandeke ebantwini. Njengenkoliso yezinye iindidi zomculo, amazwi ezinye iingoma zecalypso ayalumeza. Ngoko ke, kububulumko ukuwakhetha amazwi esifuna ukuwaphulaphula. (Efese 5:3, 4) Sisenokuzibuza lo mbuzo, ‘Ngaba bendiya kuba neentloni ukuchazela abantwana bam okanye omnye umntu ongawuqhelanga lo mculo intsingiselo esitheleyo yamazwi engoma endiyiphulaphuleyo yecalypso?’
Ukuba utyelela iTrinidad neTobago, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kukuvuyela ukubona iindawo ezingaselwandle neengqaqa ezintle nomxube weentlanga nezithethe ezahlukahlukeneyo. Kanti usenokuphulaphula nomculo omnandi wamagubu enkcenkce necalypso—uncuthu lweengoma ezinesingqi esimnandi esithandwa gqitha lulutsha nangabantu abadala ehlabathini lonke.
[Umbhalo osemazantsi]
a Ngokuqhelekileyo umculo wecalypso udlalwa ngamagubu enkcenkce, kodwa imvumi ilandelwa sisiginci, ixilongo eliqhelekileyo, eletenala namagubu.
[Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 24, 25]
Amagubu enkcenkce